| 词条 | Ghanjah |
| 释义 |
A ghanjah or ganja[1] ({{lang-ar|غنجه}}), also known as kotiya in India, is a large wooden trading dhow, a traditional Indian subcontinental sailing vessel, modernized and made utilitarian during the reign of the Chola Dynasty. [2] DescriptionThe ghanjah dhows had a curved prow with a characteristic trefoil ornament carved on top of the stem-head. They also had an ornately carved stern and quarter galleries. Their average length was {{convert|97|ft|0|abbr=on}} with a {{convert|15|m|0|abbr=on}} keel-length and an average weight of 215 tons. Usually they had two masts, the main mast having a pronounced inclination towards the prow. They used two to three lateen sails; supplementary sails were often added on the bowsprit and on a topmast atop the main mast.[3] The ghanjah is often difficult to distinguish from the baghlah, a similar type of dhow. Besides the trefoil-shaped carving on top of the stem-head, ghanjahs had usually a more slender shape.[4] HistoryGhanjahs were widely used in the past centuries as merchant ships in the Indian Ocean between the western coast of the Indian Subcontinent and the Arabian Peninsula.[5] Many ghanjahs were built at traditional shipyards in Sur, Oman,[6] as well as in Beypore, Kerala, India. Ghanjahs were largely replaced by the newer-designed and easier to maneuver booms in the 20th century. See also
References1. ^Thabit A. J. Abdullah, The Political Economy of Trade in Eighteenth-Century Basra, SUNY series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East , 2000, {{ISBN|978-0-7914-4808-3}} 2. ^Clifford W. Hawkins, The dhow: an illustrated history of the dhow and its world 3. ^Too Late to Document Dhows? 4. ^The Traditional Dhow {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120725191658/http://www.omanet.om/english/culture/boats.asp?cat=cult |date=July 25, 2012 }} 5. ^Gardiner, Robert (2001 [1998]). The Victory of Seapower. Caxton Editions. {{ISBN|1-84067-359-1}}. p. 89 6. ^The Traditional Dhow {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120725191658/http://www.omanet.om/english/culture/boats.asp?cat=cult |date=July 25, 2012 }} External links
4 : Dhow types|Arabic words and phrases|Sailing ships|Arab inventions |
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