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词条 Gholamreza Pahlavi
释义

  1. Early life and education

  2. Career and activities

  3. Personal life and later years

  4. Book

  5. Honours

     National honours  Foreign honours 

  6. References

  7. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}{{Infobox royalty
| name = Prince Gholamreza
| image = Gholamreza Pahlavi.jpg
| caption =
| spouse = Homa Aalam (m. 1947–d. 1956)
Manijeh Jahanbani (m. 1962–2017, his death)
| issue = Princess Mehrnaz
Prince Bahman
Princess Azardokht
Princess Maryam
Prince Bahram
| grandchildren =
| full name =
| house = Pahlavi dynasty
| father = Reza Shah
| mother = Turan Amir Soleimani
| birth_date = {{birth date|1923|5|15|df=y}}
| birth_place = Tehran, Persia
| death_date = {{death date and age|2017|5|7|1923|5|15|df=y}}
| death_place = Paris, France
| place of burial=
| religion =
| signature =
}}

Shahpur Gholamreza Pahlavi ({{lang-fa|غلامرضا پهلوی‎}}; 15 May 1923 – 7 May 2017) was an Iranian prince and a member of the Pahlavi dynasty, as the son of Reza Shah and half-brother of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.

Following the death of his half-sister Ashraf Pahlavi on 7 January 2016,[1] Gholamreza became the only living child of Reza Pahlavi. He resided in Paris with his family. He died on 7 May 2017 at the age of 93, eight days before his 94th birthday.

Early life and education

Pahlavi was born on 15 May 1923 in Iran.[2] He was the fifth child and third son of Reza Shah, the founder of the Iranian Pahlavi dynasty.[3][4] His mother, Turan (Qamar al Molouk) Amir Soleimani, was related to the Qajar dynasty deposed in 1925 in favor of Reza Shah.[4] More specifically, she was the daughter of a Qajar dignitary, Issa Majd al Saltaneh.[5][6][7] She was also the granddaughter of Mehdi Qoli Majde Dowleh, Naser al Din Shah's maternal uncle.[7] Gholamreza's parents were married in 1922 and divorced shortly after his birth in 1923.[8][5]

He received primary education in Persia (Iran) and then went to Switzerland for secondary education.[8] In 1936, he returned to Iran and attended military school.[8] He accompanied his father, Reza Shah, to his exile in Mauritius when he was forced to abdicate in September 1941.[8][15] In the aftermath of Reza Shah's abdication, the British and Russian envoys attempted to put Gholamreza on the throne, bypassing then Crown Prince Mohammad Reza when their efforts to end the Pahlavi dynasty and reinstate the Qajar dynasty failed.[9] It, however, also did not work.[9] Gholamreza graduated from Princeton University.[10] Upon returning to Iran, he attended military officers' training college for a military career. He retired as a brigadier general.[8]

Career and activities

Pahlavi began his career in Iran's armed forces.,[11] serving as inspector general.[12][13] After holding different positions in the army he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general in 1973.[11]

In 1955, he became a member of the International Olympic Committee.[14] He also served as president of the Iranian National Olympic Committee.[15] He was a member of the Royal Council which ruled Iran during the international visits of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.[16]

From December 5 to 13, 1973, he and his wife officially visited China just before the first Iranian ambassador, Abbas Aram, began to serve in that country.[17] As president of the Iranian national Olympic committee, he supported China's objection to Taiwan's participation in the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games.[18] However, he never tended to play an active role in domestic politics.[19] During the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, he owned land in Iran and was a large shareholder in six firms.[30]

Personal life and later years

Pahlavi married Homa Aalam on 4 April 1947 in Tehran.[2] They had a daughter, Mehrnaz (born 4 February 1949), and a son, Bahman (born 30 January 1950).[2] They divorced in 1956 and he married Manijeh Jahanbani, a Qajar princess,[7] in Tehran on 6 March 1962.[2] This marriage produced two daughters and a son.[3]

Pahlavi left Iran before the 1979 revolution along with other relatives.[20] He settled in Paris. In the immediate aftermath of the revolution, Ayatollah Sadegh Khalkhali, a religious judge and then chairman of the Revolutionary Court, informed the press that a death sentence was passed on the members of the Pahlavi family, including Gholamreza and other former Shah officials.[21] He died at the age of 93 in the American Hospital of Paris on 7 May 2017.[22]

Book

Pahlavi published a book, Mon père, mon frère, les Shahs d'Iran ("My father, my brother, the Shahs of Iran"), in 2005, dealing with both his experiences and thoughts about the future of Iran.[23] The book was published in French and Persian. {{ISBN|2915685061}}

Honours

National honours

  • Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Pahlavi[11]
  • Order of Glory[11]
  • Order of Military Merit, 2nd class[11]
  • Order of Honour, 2nd class[11]
  • Order of Rashtakhiz, 1st class[11]
  • National Uprising Medal [28th Amordad 1332 Medal] (1953)[11]
  • Imperial Coronation Medal (26 October 1967)[11]

Foreign honours

  • Order of the Supreme Sun, 1st Class (Kingdom of Afghanistan)[11]
  • Knight Grand Cross of Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic (Kingdom of Spain, 1978)[11]
  • King Birendra Coronation Medal (Kingdom of Nepal, 24 February 1975)[24]

References

1. ^{{cite news|author=Liam Stack|title=Ashraf Pahlavi, Sister of Iran’s Last Shah, Defender and Diplomat, Dies at 96|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/08/world/middleeast/ashraf-pahlavi-sister-of-irans-last-shah-defender-and-diplomat-dies-at-96.html?_r=0|accessdate=8 January 2016|work=The New York Times|date=8 January 2016}}
2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Iran Pahlavi Dynasty|url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/states/islamic/iran_pahlavi.html|work=İran|accessdate=31 October 2012}}
3. ^1 {{cite web|title=The Imperial Regime was not a model of Democracy but?|url=http://www.rozanehmagazine.com/NoveDec05/aprinceGPahlavi.html|work=Rozaneh Magazine|accessdate=31 October 2012|date=November–December 2005}}
4. ^{{cite book|author=Cyrus Ghani|title=Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VGZItY9kL0AC&pg=PA194|accessdate=19 June 2013|date=6 January 2001|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-86064-629-4|page=194}}
5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Reza Shah Pahlavi|url=http://www.iranchamber.com/history/reza_shah/reza_shah.php|work=Iran Chamber Society|accessdate=16 July 2013}}
6. ^{{cite web|author=Mehdi Jangravi|title=Reza Shah's Wives|url=http://iichs.org/index_en.asp?img_cat=105&img_type=0|work=Institute for Iranian Studies|accessdate=31 October 2012}}
7. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=The Qajars (Kadjars) and the Pahlavis|url=http://www.qajarpages.org/qajpahlavis.html|work=Qajar Pages|accessdate=31 October 2012}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|editors=Gholamali Haddad Adel, Mohammad Jafar Elmi, Hassan Taromi-Rad|title=Pahlavi Dynasty: An Entry from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jRZ227eqm4sC&pg=PA172|accessdate=8 April 2013|date=1 October 2012|publisher=MIU Press|isbn=978-1-908433-01-5|page=172}}
9. ^1 {{cite journal|author=Fariborz Mokhtari |title=No One will Scratch My Back: Iranian Security Perceptions in Historical Context |journal=The Middle East Journal |date=Spring 2005 |volume=59 |issue=2 |url=http://www.ndu.edu/nesa/publications/Mokhtari.pdf |accessdate=19 August 2013 }}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
10. ^1 {{cite book|author=Mohammad Gholi Majd|title=Great Britain and Reza Shah: The Plunder of Iran, 1921-1941|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rabPD_Arfy8C&pg=PA320|accessdate=31 October 2012|date=25 September 2001|publisher=University Press of Florida|isbn=978-0-8130-2111-9|page=320}}
11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web|title=The Pahlavi Dynasty|url=http://www.royalark.net/Persia/pahlavi2.htm|publisher=Royal Ark|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Prince Gholam Reza Pahlavi |url=http://fis-iran.org/en/oralhistory/Pahlavi-Prince-Gholam-Reza |publisher=Foundation for Iranian Studies |accessdate=31 October 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053958/http://fis-iran.org/en/oralhistory/Pahlavi-Prince-Gholam-Reza |archivedate=21 September 2013 |df=dmy }}
13. ^{{cite book|author=Edgar Burke Inlow|title=Shahanshah: The Study of Monarchy of Iran|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-2SWMAFL1JoC&pg=PA91|accessdate=8 April 2013|date=1 January 1979|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-2292-4|page=91}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=The Olympic Games|url=http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Olympic%20Charter/Olympic_Charter_through_time/1962-The_OG-general_information.pdf|work=International Olympic Committee|accessdate=19 July 2013|location=Lausanne|year=1962}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=Address by H.I.H. Prince Gholam Reza Pahlavi|url=http://www.la84foundation.org/OlympicInformationCenter/OlympicReview/1967/BDCE98/BDCE98j.pdf|work=LA 84 Foundation|accessdate=31 October 2012}}
16. ^{{cite journal|title=Developments of the Quarter: Comment and Chronology|journal=Middle East Journal|date=January 1950|volume=4|issue=1|pages=83–93|jstor=4322139}}
17. ^{{cite book|author=John W. Garver|title=China and Iran: Ancient Partners in a Post-Imperial World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CPMoRVo3fSwC&pg=PA308|date=1 July 2006|publisher=University of Washington Press|isbn=978-0-295-80121-6|page=308|accessdate=29 November 2013}}
18. ^{{cite news|title=IOC put off decision on China issue|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xIMuAAAAIBAJ&sjid=e30FAAAAIBAJ&pg=3699,3416976&dq=gholam+reza+pahlavi&hl=en|accessdate=4 November 2012|newspaper=New Straits Times|date=25 May 1975}}
19. ^{{cite book|author=Ali Akbar Dareini|title=The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty: Memoirs of Former General Hussein Fardust|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SJZ_xgqCOMQC&pg=PR7|accessdate=15 November 2012|date=1 January 1999|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-1642-8|page=123}}
20. ^1 {{cite news|title=105 Iranian firms said controlled by royal family|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7X5VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5z4NAAAAIBAJ&pg=1063,1948802&dq=abdul+reza+pahlavi&hl=en|accessdate=4 November 2012|newspaper=The Leader Post|date=22 January 1979|agency=AP|location=Tehran}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=No Safe Haven: Iran's Global Assassination Campaign|url=http://www.iranhrdc.org/english/english/publications/reports/3152-no-safe-haven-iran-s-global-assassination-campaign.html?p=2#.Uf49pWTAVgs|work=Iran Human Rights Documentation Center|accessdate=4 August 2013|year=2008}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=Gholam Reza Pahlavi Passes Away|url=http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran-39817274|work=BBC Persian Service|accessdate=7 May 2017|year=2017}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Gholam Reza Pahlavi's book|url=https://www.amazon.fr/exec/obidos/ASIN/2915685061/qid%3D1127058370/sr%3D1-1/ref%3Dsr_1_0_1/171-2698216-9892250|publisher=Amazon|accessdate=31 October 2012}}
24. ^Philippine Diplomatic Visits

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • Gholam Reza Pahlavi's official website
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Pahlavi, Gholam Reza}}

10 : People of the Pahlavi dynasty|1923 births|2017 deaths|Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in France|Iranian emigrants to France|Iranian royalty|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic|International Olympic Committee members|Princeton University alumni|Imperial Iranian Army Major generals
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