| 词条 | Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area |
| 释义 |
| name = Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area | photo = Gibraltar Rock.JPG | photo_width = | photo_alt = | photo_caption = | map = Wisconsin | map_width = 220 | type = Public, State | location = Lodi, Wisconsin | nearest_city = | coords = {{coord|43.348929|N|89.600484|W|region:US-WI|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coords_ref = | area = {{convert|68|acre}} | created = 1969 | operator = Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources | visitation_num = 73[1] | status = }} Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area is a natural area in southern Wisconsin, United States,[1] which is {{convert|68|acres}} in size, and is located along the {{convert|1000|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} Ice Age Trail. LocationLocated in Columbia County, Wisconsin, Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area is {{convert|68|acre}} in size.[2] The Wisconsin River Valley and Lake Wisconsin are located within view of the higher-elevation points in the natural area.[2] The Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area is located along the Ice Age Trail, which is a thousand miles long.[5] It is located {{convert|1.2|mi}} from the intersection of Highway 113 and County Highway V in the town of West Point.[6][3] Wisconsin County Road V runs past the area, with a parking lot located off the road that allows access to it. From there, a walking trail leads off to gain access to Gibraltar Rock.[5] HistoryEarly on, the Van Ness family owned the land and had a house on the property.[5] Other early families living in the area includes the Richmond family.[6] During the 1920s, Wisconsin landscape architect Jens Jensen started efforts to protect the area. Forming a group at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1920, the group was able to acquire the land in 1927.[6] They named the area Richmond Park.[4] The Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area became a Wisconsin-designated natural area in 1969. It was originally owned by the county until 2007,[5] when they transferred ownership to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR).[2][4] A celebration was held following the transfer of ownership.[6] BackgroundThe Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources manages the Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area.[6] Howard Van Ness made several paintings depicting the area prior to its designation as a state natural area.[6] Friends of Gibraltar Rock exists and does "biological indexing of the flora and fauna in the area."[6] The views from the natural area are a major tourist draw.[4] The {{convert|1.4|mi|adj=on}} track for the area does not have wheelchair access.[4] People are not allowed to climb the rocks in the park, though this has not always been the case.[4] GeologyThe natural area is located on the outer part of the Magnesian Escarpment[2]/Black River Escarpment,[7] with the soil for the area being glaciated sandy loams, which sit on top of the Galena-Platteville dolomite cap and St. Peter sandstone.[2] Inside the natural area is a {{convert|200|ft|m|adj=mid|-tall}} flat-topped butte called "Gibraltar Rock."[2][8] It sits {{convert|1246|ft}} above sea level and is the highest point in Columbia Country.[6] There is a {{convert|0.75|mi|km|adj=mid|-long|1}} trail leading up to the Rock.[6] Wildlife and faunaCliff goldenrod, columbine, ferns, pale corydalis and red cedar, little blue-stem, side oats grama, prairie drop-seed, blue-eyed grass, bird's foot violet, bergamot, pasque flower, leadplant, aster, whorled milkweed, and prairie smoke are located within the natural area.[2]References{{portal|Wisconsin}}1. ^{{cite gnis|2055081|Gibraltar Rock State Natural Area}} {{Protected Areas of Wisconsin}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Lands/naturalareas/index.asp?SNA=73|title=Gibraltar Rock (No. 73)|publisher=Wisconsin State Natural Areas Program|date=|accessdate=28 October 2012}} 3. ^Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Columbia County, Wisconsin map 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book|author=Kevin Revolinski|title=60 Hikes Within 60 Miles: Madison: Including Dane and Surrounding Counties|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Clug2hHUjKkC&pg=PA90|date=28 May 2008|publisher=Menasha Ridge Press|isbn=978-0-89732-794-7|pages=xvii; 92–95}} 5. ^{{cite gnis|1565507|Gibraltar Rock County Park}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite news|url=http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AUNB:APNS&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=1413FF77F5731718&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=1053B823C33F21F9|title=Wisconsin Weekend Package, ADV07-08, WI|editor=Associated Press News Service|date=June 6, 2008|author1=AP|author2=Lyn Jerde|newspaper=Portage Daily Register}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Wisconsin Natural Resources|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UUxMAAAAYAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources}} 8. ^{{cite gnis|1565506|Gibraltar Rock (pillar)}} 6 : State Natural Areas of Wisconsin|Protected areas of Columbia County, Wisconsin|Rock formations of Wisconsin|Landforms of Columbia County, Wisconsin|Protected areas established in 1969|1969 establishments in Wisconsin |
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