| 词条 | Giulio Gavotti |
| 释义 |
Giulio Gavotti (17 October 1882 in Genoa – 6 October 1939) was an Italian lieutenant and pilot, who fought in the Italo-Turkish War. He set two firsts in the history of aerial warfare of heavier-than-air flyers: He was the first man to make an aerial bombardment, as well as the first to perform a night mission. Aerial bombardmentOn 1 November 1911, he flew his early model Etrich Taube monoplane against Ottoman military in Libya.{{r|Flight100_59}}{{r|i}}{{r|c}} He took four grenades ("Cipelli"{{r|c}}) to a leather pouch, each of a size of grapefruit and weighing about four pounds.{{r|i}} Flying at an altitude of 600 feet, Gavotti screwed in the detonators and tossed each munition over the side{{r|Flight100_59}} — three onto the Tagiura (Jagiura) oasis, and one more onto military camp at Ain Zara.{{r|i}}{{r|c}} Gavotti’s attack did not inflict any casualties.[1] The oldest known preserved Etrich Taube, in Vienna, Austria, is possibly a near-twin to the aircraft Gavotti flew in 1911, as both are said to have been powered with inline-four cylinder liquid-cooled powerplants. After this and further missions, the Ottoman Empire issued a protest. The dropping of bombs from balloons had been outlawed by the Hague Convention of 1899, but Italy argued that this ban did not extend to heavier-than-air craft. Night missionGavotti performed the historically first night mission of a heavier-than-air aircraft. It took place as part of the same campaign in Libya on 4 March 1912.[2] See also
Notes1. ^http://axisofevelknievel.blogspot.com/2007_11_01_archive.html [3][4]2. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-13294524 | title=Libya 1911: How an Italian pilot began the air war era | work=BBC News Website | date=May 10, 2011 | accessdate=May 10, 2011}} 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=X-YiU-PJ0ogC&pg=PA38 The influence of air power upon history by Walter J. Boyne, p.38] 4. ^{{cite book|last=Chant|first=Christopher|title=Austro-Hungarian aces of World War 1|year=2002|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|isbn=1-84176-376-4|pages=38–39|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YmwNv_9_cL4C&lpg=PA39&dq=Tripoli%20first%20bombed%201914&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q&f=false}} }}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gavotti, Giulio}}{{Italy-mil-bio-stub}} 6 : 1882 births|1939 deaths|People from Genoa|Italian Air Force personnel|Italian military personnel of the Italo-Turkish War|Aviation pioneers |
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