| 词条 | Gonzague de Reynold |
| 释义 |
Gonzague de Reynold (1880–1970) was a Swiss writer, historian, and right-wing political activist. Over the course of his six-decade career, he wrote more than thirty books outlining his traditionalist Catholic and Swiss nationalist worldview. De Reynold won the Schiller Prize in 1955, and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times.[1] With René de Weck and Léon Savary, he formed the troika of Fribourg writers of the early twentieth century. LifeA member of the minor Fribourgeois nobility, de Reynold was born at his family's sixteenth-century chateau in Cressier. He studied at Collège Saint-Michel, the Sorbonne, and the Institut Catholique de Paris before returning to Switzerland to teach philosophy and French literature at the University of Bern and the University of Fribourg.[2] Consistently "sceptical of liberal democracy and scathing about modernity in all its forms", de Reynold devoted his life to the promotion of Swiss nationalist and right-wing, traditionalist Catholic causes.[3][4] In letters, he described longtime Portuguese dictator António de Oliveira Salazar as a friend[5] and paid a personal visit to Benito Mussolini in 1933.[6] Although mostly active in Swiss affairs, in de Reynold's view his Fribourgeois, Swiss, Catholic, and European identities were inextricably linked, and he devoted two decades of his career to international affairs in service of this belief. He served as the Swiss delegate to and rapporteur of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation, a body of the League of Nations and precursor to UNESCO, from its inception in 1922 to its demise in 1939.[6] Along with other prominent Catholics at the League, including Oskar Halecki and Secretaries-General Eric Drummond and Joseph Avenol, de Reynold used his position to promote the interests and values of the Holy See and the Catholic Church, in opposition to the more prevalent secular tendencies within the international organisation.[3] Bibliography{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
References{{div col|colwidth=30em}}1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=12271 |title=Nomination Database|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2017-04-19}} {{div col end}}2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=yuYGInXG-CIC&pg=PA102&dq= Baroque New Worlds edited by Lois Parkinson Zamora and Monika Kaup, pg 102] 3. ^1 {{Cite journal | last = Shine| first = Cormac| title = Papal Diplomacy by Proxy? Catholic Internationalism at the League of Nations' International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation | journal = The Journal of Ecclesiastical History | date = 2018 | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-ecclesiastical-history/article/papal-diplomacy-by-proxy-catholic-internationalism-at-the-league-of-nations-international-committee-on-intellectual-cooperation-19221939/077AF527A5AF6EFA8C56DF1560450122}} 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=DbMA5o4rweoC&pg=PA249&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false Nationalist Exclusion and Ethnic Conflict by Andreas Wimmer, pg 249] 5. ^{{cite book|author=Filipe De Meneses|title=Salazar: A Political Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hewsI4PU6sMC&pg=PA244&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=20 May 2013|date=1 November 2009|publisher=Enigma Books|isbn=978-1-929631-98-8|page=244}} 6. ^1 {{cite book |last=Grandjean |first=Martin |date=2018 |title=Les réseaux de la coopération intellectuelle. La Société des Nations comme actrice des échanges scientifiques et culturels dans l'entre-deux-guerres |trans-title=The Networks of Intellectual Cooperation. The League of Nations as an Actor of the Scientific and Cultural Exchanges in the Inter-War Period |url=https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01853903 |language=fr |location=Lausanne |publisher=Université de Lausanne}} (p. 307) Further reading
External links
12 : 1880 births|1970 deaths|People from the canton of Fribourg|Swiss historians|Swiss male writers|Swiss nobility|Swiss Roman Catholics|Swiss writers in French|Swiss environmentalists|20th-century historians|20th-century male writers|Intellectual Cooperation |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。