| 词条 | Government spending in the United Kingdom | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Central government spending in the United Kingdom, also called public expenditure, is the responsibility of the UK government, the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive. In the budget for financial year 2016–17 , proposed total government spending was £772 billion.[1] Spending per head is significantly higher in Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland than it is in England.[2] Scotland has historically collected more tax per person than has the rest of the UK, although following a decline in the oil price in 2014, Scotland produced slightly less revenue than England per capita in 2014–15.[3][4] As of 2014 and the release of the GERS report, Scotland had a higher deficit relative to the UK deficit as a whole and received an increased net subsidy from UK government borrowing, this deficit was attributed to declining oil revenues as the price of crude oil has fallen. This condition is predicted to only get worse should oil revenues fall further.[5][6]
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"1993–94","y": 57.7}, {"class": 2,"x": "1994–95","y": 61.4}, {"class": 2,"x": "1995–96","y": 62.7}, {"class": 2,"x": "1996–97","y": 62.2}, {"class": 2,"x": "1997–98","y": 63.5}, {"class": 2,"x": "1998–99","y": 65.9}, {"class": 2,"x": "1999-00","y": 68.7}, {"class": 2,"x": "2000–01","y": 73.7}, {"class": 2,"x": "2001–02","y": 80.1}, {"class": 2,"x": "2002–03","y": 86.4}, {"class": 2,"x": "2003–04","y": 95.8}, {"class": 2,"x": "2004–05","y": 102.8}, {"class": 2,"x": "2005–06","y": 108.3}, {"class": 2,"x": "2006–07","y": 111.2}, {"class": 2,"x": "2007–08","y": 115.3}, {"class": 2,"x": "2008–09","y": 121}, {"class": 2,"x": "2009–10","y": 126.8}, {"class": 2,"x": "2010–11","y": 126.5}, {"class": 2,"x": "2011–12","y": 125.7}, {"class": 2,"x": "2012–13","y": 126.8}, {"class": 2,"x": "2013–14","y": 129.4}, {"class": 3,"x": "1993–94","y": 54.7}, {"class": 3,"x": "1994–95","y": 56.4}, {"class": 3,"x": "1995–96","y": 56}, {"class": 3,"x": "1996–97","y": 54.9}, {"class": 3,"x": "1997–98","y": 55.1}, {"class": 3,"x": "1998–99","y": 56.2}, {"class": 3,"x": "1999-00","y": 58.7}, {"class": 3,"x": "2000–01","y": 62.4}, {"class": 3,"x": "2001–02","y": 68.6}, {"class": 3,"x": "2002–03","y": 71.4}, {"class": 3,"x": "2003–04","y": 78}, {"class": 3,"x": "2004–05","y": 80.7}, {"class": 3,"x": "2005–06","y": 84.2}, {"class": 3,"x": "2006–07","y": 85.7}, {"class": 3,"x": "2007–08","y": 89.8}, {"class": 3,"x": "2008–09","y": 92.4}, {"class": 3,"x": "2009–10","y": 96}, {"class": 3,"x": "2010–11","y": 96.6}, {"class": 3,"x": "2011–12","y": 90.1}, {"class": 3,"x": "2012–13","y": 88.8}, {"class": 3,"x": "2013–14","y": 91.8}, {"class": 4,"x": "1993–94","y": 37.5}, {"class": 4,"x": "1994–95","y": 37.2}, {"class": 4,"x": "1995–96","y": 35.4}, {"class": 4,"x": "1996–97","y": 33.8}, {"class": 4,"x": "1997–98","y": 30.7}, {"class": 4,"x": "1998–99","y": 27.5}, {"class": 4,"x": "1999-00","y": 29.9}, {"class": 4,"x": "2000–01","y": 32.4}, {"class": 4,"x": "2001–02","y": 37.2}, {"class": 4,"x": "2002–03","y": 40.2}, {"class": 4,"x": "2003–04","y": 42.3}, {"class": 4,"x": "2004–05","y": 41.8}, {"class": 4,"x": "2005–06","y": 42.7}, {"class": 4,"x": "2006–07","y": 44.3}, {"class": 4,"x": "2007–08","y": 42.7}, {"class": 4,"x": "2008–09","y": 55.3}, {"class": 4,"x": "2009–10","y": 52.8}, {"class": 4,"x": "2010–11","y": 42.1}, {"class": 4,"x": "2011–12","y": 38.9}, {"class": 4,"x": "2012–13","y": 36.1}, {"class": 4,"x": "2013–14","y": 39.2}, {"class": 5,"x": "1993–94","y": 32.7}, {"class": 5,"x": "1994–95","y": 36.6}, {"class": 5,"x": "1995–96","y": 40.5}, {"class": 5,"x": "1996–97","y": 40.9}, {"class": 5,"x": "1997–98","y": 42.4}, {"class": 5,"x": "1998–99","y": 41.3}, {"class": 5,"x": "1999-00","y": 35.5}, {"class": 5,"x": "2000–01","y": 36.2}, {"class": 5,"x": "2001–02","y": 30.3}, {"class": 5,"x": "2002–03","y": 27.7}, {"class": 5,"x": "2003–04","y": 29}, {"class": 5,"x": "2004–05","y": 31.5}, {"class": 5,"x": "2005–06","y": 32.7}, {"class": 5,"x": "2006–07","y": 34.6}, {"class": 5,"x": "2007–08","y": 36.7}, {"class": 5,"x": "2008–09","y": 37.2}, {"class": 5,"x": "2009–10","y": 29.4}, {"class": 5,"x": "2010–11","y": 42.2}, {"class": 5,"x": "2011–12","y": 43.4}, {"class": 5,"x": "2012–13","y": 38.4}, {"class": 5,"x": "2013–14","y": 36.9}, {"class": 6,"x": "1993–94","y": 37.1}, {"class": 6,"x": "1994–95","y": 36.3}, {"class": 6,"x": "1995–96","y": 34.1}, {"class": 6,"x": "1996–97","y": 32.1}, {"class": 6,"x": "1997–98","y": 31}, {"class": 6,"x": "1998–99","y": 34.4}, {"class": 6,"x": "1999-00","y": 34.9}, {"class": 6,"x": "2000–01","y": 34.9}, {"class": 6,"x": "2001–02","y": 34}, {"class": 6,"x": "2002–03","y": 35.2}, {"class": 6,"x": "2003–04","y": 36.8}, {"class": 6,"x": "2004–05","y": 36.9}, {"class": 6,"x": "2005–06","y": 37.4}, {"class": 6,"x": "2006–07","y": 37.8}, {"class": 6,"x": "2007–08","y": 38.4}, {"class": 6,"x": "2008–09","y": 40.9}, {"class": 6,"x": "2009–10","y": 40.9}, {"class": 6,"x": "2010–11","y": 41.5}, {"class": 6,"x": "2011–12","y": 40.1}, {"class": 6,"x": "2012–13","y": 37.1}, {"class": 6,"x": "2013–14","y": 36.4}, {"class": 7,"x": "1993–94","y": -7.4}, {"class": 7,"x": "1994–95","y": -6.7}, {"class": 7,"x": "1995–96","y": -6.2}, {"class": 7,"x": "1996–97","y": -7.6}, {"class": 7,"x": "1997–98","y": -5.3}, {"class": 7,"x": "1998–99","y": -3.7}, {"class": 7,"x": "1999-00","y": -3.8}, {"class": 7,"x": "2000–01","y": -3.5}, {"class": 7,"x": "2001–02","y": -6.4}, {"class": 7,"x": "2002–03","y": -2.5}, {"class": 7,"x": "2003–04","y": -2.7}, {"class": 7,"x": "2004–05","y": -1.1}, {"class": 7,"x": "2005–06","y": -0.7}, {"class": 7,"x": "2006–07","y": -2.1}, {"class": 7,"x": "2007–08","y": -1.7}, {"class": 7,"x": "2008–09","y": -3.2}, {"class": 7,"x": "2009–10","y": 1}, {"class": 7,"x": "2010–11","y": 3.8}, {"class": 7,"x": "2011–12","y": 2.1}, {"class": 7,"x": "2012–13","y": 4.4}, {"class": 7,"x": "2013–14","y": 5}, {"class": 8,"x": "1993–94","y": 23.7}, {"class": 8,"x": "1994–95","y": 24.3}, {"class": 8,"x": "1995–96","y": 24.2}, {"class": 8,"x": "1996–97","y": 23.8}, {"class": 8,"x": "1997–98","y": 24.4}, {"class": 8,"x": "1998–99","y": 25.3}, {"class": 8,"x": "1999-00","y": 25.6}, {"class": 8,"x": "2000–01","y": 27.7}, {"class": 8,"x": "2001–02","y": 30.9}, {"class": 8,"x": "2002–03","y": 31.8}, {"class": 8,"x": "2003–04","y": 33.8}, {"class": 8,"x": "2004–05","y": 35.3}, {"class": 8,"x": "2005–06","y": 35.3}, {"class": 8,"x": "2006–07","y": 35.7}, {"class": 8,"x": "2007–08","y": 36.2}, {"class": 8,"x": "2008–09","y": 37.7}, {"class": 8,"x": "2009–10","y": 37.0}, {"class": 8,"x": "2010–11","y": 34.9}, {"class": 8,"x": "2011–12","y": 33.2}, {"class": 8,"x": "2012–13","y": 31.9}, {"class": 8,"x": "2013–14","y": 30.1}, {"class": 9,"x": "1993–94","y": 37.3}, {"class": 9,"x": "1994–95","y": 38}, {"class": 9,"x": "1995–96","y": 37.9}, {"class": 9,"x": "1996–97","y": 35.5}, {"class": 9,"x": "1997–98","y": 35}, {"class": 9,"x": "1998–99","y": 38.4}, {"class": 9,"x": "1999-00","y": 40.2}, {"class": 9,"x": "2000–01","y": 41.4}, {"class": 9,"x": "2001–02","y": 45.1}, {"class": 9,"x": "2002–03","y": 45.6}, {"class": 9,"x": "2003–04","y": 49.3}, {"class": 9,"x": "2004–05","y": 52.8}, {"class": 9,"x": "2005–06","y": 59}, {"class": 9,"x": "2006–07","y": 60.2}, {"class": 9,"x": "2007–08","y": 61.3}, {"class": 9,"x": "2008–09","y": 63.7}, {"class": 9,"x": "2009–10","y": 65.9}, {"class": 9,"x": "2010–11","y": 61.1}, {"class": 9,"x": "2011–12","y": 54.6}, {"class": 9,"x": "2012–13","y": 53.8}, {"class": 9,"x": "2013–14","y": 57.1} ] } ], "scales": [ { "name": "x", "type": "ordinal", "range": "width", "domain": {"data": "table","field": "x"}, "points": "true" }, { "name": "y", "type": "linear", "range": "height", "nice": true, "domain": {"data": "table","field": "y"} }, { "name": "color", "type": "ordinal", "range": "category10" }, {"name": "sym","type": "ordinal","range": "shapes"}, { "name": "legsym", "type": "ordinal", "domain": [ "Social protection", "Health", "Education", "Economic affairs", "Debt interest", "Defence", "EU transactions", "Public order", "Other expenditure" ], "range": "shapes" }, { "name": "legcolor", "type": "ordinal", "domain": [ "Social protection", "Health", "Education", "Economic affairs", "Debt interest", "Defence", "EU transactions", "Public order", "Other expenditure" ], "range": "category10" } ], "axes": [ { "type": "x", "scale": "x", "title": "Year", "properties": { "labels": {"align": {"value": "left"},"angle": {"value": 50}}, "title": {"dy": {"value": 20}} } }, {"type": "y","scale": "y","title": "£ billions"}, { "type": "x", "scale": "x", "title": "UK government expenditure by sector 1993–2014 in real terms", "orient": "top", "values": [], "properties": { "title": {"fontSize": {"value": 16},"dy": {"value": 25}}, "axis": {"strokeOpacity": {"value": 0}} } } ], "legends": [ { "title": "Sector", "fill": "legcolor", "shape": "legsym", "offset": 5, "properties": { "symbols": { "fillOpacity": {"value": 0.5}, "stroke": {"value": "transparent"} } } } ], "marks": [ { "type": "group", "from": { "data": "table", "transform": [ {"type": "stack", "groupby": ["x"], "sortby": ["class"], "field": "y"}, {"type": "facet", "groupby": ["class"]} ] }, "marks": [ { "type": "line", "properties": { "enter": { "interpolate": {"value": "linear"}, "x": {"scale": "x","field": "x"}, "y": {"scale": "y","field": "y"}, "stroke": {"scale": "color","field": "class"} } } }, { "type": "symbol", "properties": { "enter": { "x": {"scale": "x","field": "x"}, "y": {"scale": "y","field": "y"}, "size": {"value": 10}, "shape": {"scale": "sym","field": "class"}, "stroke": {"scale": "color","field": "class"} } } }, { "type": "rule", "properties": { "enter": { "x": {"value": 1}, "x2": {"value": 500}, "y2": {"scale": "y","value": 0}, "stroke": {"value": "black"}, "strokeWidth": {"value": 0.5} } } } ] } ]} The graph shows spending by sector with prices adjusted for inflation. ‘Other expenditure’ includes general public services (£22bn in 2013/14), housing and community amenities (£12bn), environment protection (£12bn), recreation, culture and religion (£12bn). Accounting adjustments of £46 in 2013/14 have not been included. The spikes in 'economic affairs' and 'debt interest' were due to the financial sector interventions in the banking collapse of 2008.[7] Local government spending{{further|Local government in the United Kingdom}}Local government spending is the responsibility of local authorities, under the supervision of the respective national governments:
See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/508193/HMT_Budget_2016_Web_Accessible.pdf |title= UK 2016 Budget |page=5}} {{United Kingdom budget}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2011}}2. ^{{cite news |title=Government spending gap between England and Scotland widens |author=Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/8730055/Government-spending-gap-between-England-and-Scotland-widens.html |accessdate=30 August 2011 |location=London |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=30 August 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web |title=Scotland generates more in tax than rest of the UK |author=Scottish Government |url=http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2013/04/balance-sheet |accessdate=9 October 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/464196/HMRC_disaggregated_receipts_-_Information___Analysis.pdf |page= 12 |accessdate=28 December 2015 |date=1 October 2015 |title=A disaggregation of HMRC tax receipts between England, Wales, Scotland & Northern Ireland}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2014/03/7888 |title=Government Expenditure & Revenue Scotland 2012–13}} 6. ^http://www.gov.scot/Resource/0047/00472877.pdf#page=8 7. ^{{cite web|author1=HM Treasury|title=Public Spending Statistics release: April 2015|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/public-spending-statistics-release-april-2015|website=gov.uk|page=21|accessdate=26 June 2015|date=30 April 2015}} 2 : Public finance of the United Kingdom|Government spending |
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