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词条 Grade I listed churches in Merseyside
释义

  1. Churches

  2. Notes

  3. References

Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England. It was created by the Local Government Act 1972, and consists of the metropolitan boroughs of Knowsley, St Helens, Sefton, Wirral, and the city of Liverpool.[1] Buildings are listed on the recommendation of English Heritage to the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, who makes the decision whether or not to list the structure.[2] Grade I listed buildings are defined as being of "exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important"; only 2.5 per cent of listed buildings are included in this grade.[3] This is a complete list of Grade I listed churches in the metropolitan county of Merseyside as recorded in the National Heritage List for England.

Christian churches have existed in Merseyside since the Anglo-Saxon era, but no significant Saxon features remain in its listed churches.{{sfn|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=124–126}} The churches in this list fall principally into two groups: those originating mainly from the medieval period, which are in Gothic style, and those built during the 19th and 20th centuries, which are mainly in Gothic Revival style, with only a few churches created between those periods. Gothic churches from the medieval era include St Andrew, Bebington and All Saints, Childwall – both of which incorporate Norman material{{sfn|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=124–126}}{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=397–399}} – St Mary, Prescot,{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=540–542}} and St Helen, Sefton.{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=580–583}} During the 19th century, some of the country's finest architects designed churches in Gothic Revival style. Examples include St Agnes and St Pancras, Toxteth Park, by J. Loughborough Pearson,{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=284–286}} St John the Baptist, Tuebrook, by G. F. Bodley,{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=477–479}} and All Hallows, Allerton, by G. E. Grayson.{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=386–387}} Liverpool Cathedral, designed by Giles Gilbert Scott and built during the 20th century, is also in Gothic Revival style.{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=73–82}} Chapels built between the two periods were the Ancient Chapel of Toxteth,{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=274–275}} and The Oratory by John Foster. The Oratory and the steeple of St Mary, Prescot, are the only buildings in the list in Neoclassical style.{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=540–542}}{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=243–244}} Two of the churches in the list were pioneers in the use of cast iron in their structure and decoration: St Michael, Aigburth,{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=293–294}} and St George, Everton.{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=264–265}} All the churches referred to above are Anglican. The churches in the list from other denominations are the Roman Catholic church of St Clare, Sefton Park,{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=286–288}} and Ullet Road Unitarian Church.{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=288–289}} In 2017 the Roman Catholic Church of St. Monica, Bootle, designed in Modernist style, was promoted to Grade I.[4]

The region covered by this list was sparsely populated until the later part of the 19th century. Its largest conurbation is the city of Liverpool, a port and commercial centre. There is industry in and around Liverpool and in the town of St Helens, but the economy of much of the region is agricultural.{{sfn|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=1–2}} The bedrock consists mainly of sandstone, which is the stone chiefly used for building the churches of the region. The superficial deposits are of boulder clay, which provides material for making bricks.[5]

Churches

{{GeoGroupTemplate}}{{clr}}
NameLocationPhotographNotes
St Michael{{coord>53.3766|-2.9499|name=St Michael, Aigburth, Liverpool}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=293–294}}[6]
All Hallows{{coord>53.3807|-2.9035|name=All Hallows, Allerton, Liverpool}}Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=386–387}}[7]
St Andrew{{coord>53.3480|-3.0034|name=St Andrew, Bebington}}Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=124–126}}[8]
St Monica{{coord>53.4539|-2.9797|type:landmark|name=St Monica's Church}}[4]{{sfn>Pollard|Pevsner|2006|p=156}}
All Saints{{coord>53.3953|-2.8816|name=All Saints, Childwall, Liverpool}}Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=397–399}}[9]
St George{{coord>53.4253|-2.9715|name=St George, Everton, Liverpool}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=264–265}}[10]
Liverpool Cathedral{{coord>53.3974|-2.9733|name=Liverpool Cathedral}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=73–82}}[11]
Oratory{{coord>53.3987|-2.9732|name=The Oratory, Liverpool}}In this context, a mortuary chapel is a small chapel in or near a cemetery where bodies in coffins are kept until the burial service is held.{{sfn|Curl|2006|p=}}}} to St James Cemetery, this was designed in Greek Revival style by John Foster. Inside the chapel are monuments designed by John Gibson, Francis Chantrey, and Pietro Tenerani, including a statue of William Huskisson by Gibson.{{sfn|Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=243–244}}[12]
St Mary{{coord>53.4285|-2.8063|name=St Mary, Prescot}}Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=540–542}}[13]
St Helen{{coord>53.5044|-2.9712|name=St Helen, Sefton}}Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=580–583}}[14]
St Agnes and St Pancras{{coord>53.3896|-2.9399|name=St Agnes and St Pancras, Sefton Park, Liverpool}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=284–286}}[15]
St Clare{{coord>53.3910|-2.9367|name=St Clare, Sefton Park, Liverpool}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=286–288}}[16]
Ullet Road Unitarian Church{{coord>53.3899|-2.9381|name=Ullet Road Unitarian Church, Sefton Park, Liverpool}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=288–289}}[17][18]
Ancient Chapel of Toxteth{{coord>53.3813|-2.9580|name=Ancient Chapel of Toxteth, Liverpool}}Sharples|Pollard|2004|pp=274–275}}[19]
St John the Baptist{{coord>53.4248|-2.9301|name=St John, Tuebrook, Liverpool}}Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=477–479}}[20]
{{portal|Merseyside}}

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^{{cite web | url = http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1972 | title = Local Government Act 1972| accessdate = 8 June 2012 | publisher = United Kingdom Parliament}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=Consultation Process |accessdate=7 June 2012 |publisher=English Heritage |url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/caring/listing/listed-buildings/consultation-process/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706173421/http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/caring/listing/listed-buildings/consultation-process/ |archivedate=6 July 2012 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/what-is-designation/listed-buildings/| title = Listed Buildings| accessdate = 25 March 2015| publisher = Historic England}}
4. ^1 {{NHLE |num= 1283647|desc= Roman Catholic church of St Monica, Bootle|access-date= 2 December 2017|fewer-links=yes}}
5. ^Broadhurst, Fred in {{Harvnb|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=3–8.}}
6. ^{{NHLE |num= 1209945|desc= Church of St Michael, Liverpool|access-date= 20 May 2012}}
7. ^{{NHLE |num= 1068414|desc= Church of All Hallows, Liverpool|access-date= 20 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
8. ^{{NHLE |num= 1075462|desc= Church of St Andrew, Wirral|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
9. ^{{NHLE |num= 1356299|desc= Church of All Saints, Liverpool|access-date= 20 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
10. ^{{NHLE |num= 1075216|desc= Church of St George, Liverpool|access-date= 20 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
11. ^{{NHLE |num= 1361681|desc= Anglican Cathedral Church of Christ |access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
12. ^{{NHLE |num= 1063282|desc= The Oratory, Liverpool|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
13. ^{{NHLE |num= 1199139|desc= Church of St Mary, Prescot|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
14. ^{{NHLE |num= 1075852|desc= Church of St Helen, Sefton|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
15. ^{{NHLE |num= 1359871|desc= Church of St Agnes, Liverpool|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
16. ^{{NHLE |num= 1205333|desc= Church of St Clare, Liverpool|access-date= 20 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
17. ^{{NHLE |num= 1218227|desc= Unitarian Chapel, Liverpool|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
18. ^{{NHLE |num= 1359872|desc= Unitarian Church Hall, Liverpool|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
19. ^{{NHLE |num= 1072991|desc= Toxteth Unitarian Chapel, Liverpool|access-date= 21 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
20. ^{{NHLE |num= 1063778|desc= Church of St John the Baptist, Liverpool|access-date= 20 May 2012|fewer-links=yes}}
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  • {{cite book| last = Curl| first = James Stevens| author-link = | publication-date = | date = | year = 2006| title = A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture| edition = | volume = 2nd| series = | publication-place = Oxford| place = | publisher = Oxford University Press| isbn = 978-0198606789| url = http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-mortuarychapel.html| accessdate = 30 August 2000|ref = harv}}
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3 : Lists of listed churches in England|Grade I listed buildings in Merseyside|Churches in Merseyside
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