| 词条 | Richard Overy |
| 释义 |
| name = Richard Overy | honorific_suffix = RHS FBA FKC | image = Richard Overy.JPG | image_size = 225px | alt = | caption = Overy lecturing at King's College London in 2015 |birth_name=Richard James Overy | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1947|12|23}} | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = English | other_names = | citizenship = British | alma_mater = Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge | occupation = Historian | era = | influences = | influenced = | fullname = | school_tradition = | known_for = studies on military history, especially the Second World War | notable_ideas = | credits = Why the Allies Won, The Air War: 1939–1945 }}Richard James Overy (born 23 December 1947) is a British historian who has published extensively on the history of World War II and Nazi Germany. In 2007 as The Times editor of Complete History of the World, he chose the 50 key dates of world history.[1] Life and careerAfter being educated at Caius College, Cambridge and awarded a research fellowship at Churchill College, Overy taught history at Cambridge from 1972 to 1979, as a fellow of Queens' College and from 1976 as a university assistant lecturer. In 1980 he moved to King's College London, where he became professor of modern history in 1994. He was appointed to a professorship at the University of Exeter in 2004. In the late 1980s, Overy was involved in a historical dispute with Timothy Mason that mostly played out over the pages of Past & Present over the reasons for the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. Mason had contended that a "flight into war" had been imposed on Adolf Hitler by a structural economic crisis, which confronted Hitler with the choice of making difficult economic decisions or aggression. Overy argued against Mason's thesis, maintaining that though Germany was faced with economic problems in 1939, the extent of these problems cannot explain aggression against Poland, and that the reasons for the outbreak of war were due to the choices made by the Nazi leadership. For Overy, the problem with Mason's thesis was that it rested on assumptions in a way not shown by records, information was passed on to Hitler about the Reich's economic problems.[2] Overy argued that there was a difference between economic pressures induced by the problems of the Four Year Plan and economic motives to seize raw materials, industry and foreign reserves of neighbouring states as a way of accelerating the Four Year Plan.[3] Overy asserted that the repressive capacity of the German state as a way of dealing with domestic unhappiness was somewhat downplayed by Mason.[2] Finally, Overy argued that there is considerable evidence that the German state felt they could master the economic problems of rearmament; as one civil servant put it in January 1940 "we have already mastered so many difficulties in the past, that here too, if one or other raw material became extremely scarce, ways and means will always yet be found to get out of a fix".[4] Recently, another British historian, Adam Tooze, has argued for a similar position as Mason's in his book The Wages of Destruction. His work on World War II has been praised as "highly effective (in) the ruthless dispelling of myths" (A. J. P. Taylor), "original and important" (New York Review of Books) and "at the cutting edge" (Times Literary Supplement.){{Citation needed|date=April 2009}} Awards and honours
In media
Publications
References1. ^{{cite web |date=19 October 2007|url = http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/article2687623.ece|title = The 50 key dates of world history|publisher = The Times| accessdate = 2 April 2009 | last=Overy|first=Richard }} 2. ^1 Mason, Tim & Overy, R.J. "Debate: Germany, 'domestic crisis' and the war in 1939" from The Origins of The Second World War edited by Patrick Finney, Edward Arnold: London, United Kingdom, 1997 p102 3. ^Overy, Richard "Germany, 'Domestic Crisis' and War in 1939" from The Third Reich edited by Christian Leitz Blackwell: Oxford, 1999 p117-118 4. ^Overy, Richard "Germany, 'Domestic Crisis' and War in 1939" from The Third Reich edited by Christian Leitz Blackwell: Oxford, 1999 page 108 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.smh-hq.org/awards/morison.html |title=Samuel Eliot Morison Prize previous winners |publisher=Society for Military History |accessdate=December 25, 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|author=Cragg, Claudia |url=http://ccragg123.libsyn.com/armistice-day-one-professor-richard-overy-1939-countdown-to-war- |title=Chatting Up A Storm with Claudia Cragg |publisher= |date=11 November 2010 |accessdate=15 March 2012}} External links
14 : 1947 births|Living people|Academics of King's College London|Academics of the University of Exeter|Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge|British military historians|British military writers|Fellows of Churchill College, Cambridge|Fellows of King's College London|Fellows of Queens' College, Cambridge|Fellows of the British Academy|Fellows of the Royal Historical Society|Historians of Nazism|Historians of World War II |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。