| 词条 | Richard Varick |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = Richard Varick | honorific-suffix = | image = RichardVarick.jpg | imagesize = | order = 45th Mayor of New York City | term_start = 1789 | term_end = 1801 | predecessor = James Duane | successor = Edward Livingston | order2 = 2nd Attorney General of New York | term_start2 = May 14, 1788 | term_end2 = September 29, 1789 | governor2 = George Clinton | predecessor2 = Egbert Benson | successor2 = Aaron Burr | birth_date = March 15, 1753 | birth_place = Hackensack, Bergen County, Province of New Jersey | death_date = July 30, 1831 (aged 78) | death_place = Jersey City, New Jersey | nationality = American | party = Federalist | spouse = Maria Roosevelt | relations = }}Richard Varick (March 15, 1753 – July 30, 1831) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 2nd Attorney General of New York and the 45th Mayor of New York City.[1] Early lifeHe was born on March 15, 1753, at Hackensack in Bergen County, New Jersey, and he died on July 30, 1831, at Jersey City in Hudson County, New Jersey.[2] CareerAmerican Revolutionary WarAt the outset of the American Revolution, he was studying law at King's College (the former name of Columbia University) in New York City. He suspended his studies and became a captain in the militia. On June 28, 1775, he was appointed captain of the 1st New York Regiment. He served under General Philip Schuyler in various posts until after the Battle of Saratoga when he was appointed inspector-general of West Point.[2][3] At West Point, he became an aide to General Benedict Arnold. Although he was no longer serving in this capacity when Arnold defected to the British, Varick, along with David Franks, was arrested. The two were subsequently cleared by a court of inquiry. After the West Point incident, Varick served under General George Washington as private secretary until the end of the war.[4][5] After the warVarick was Recorder of New York from 1784 to 1789, and New York State Attorney General from 1788 to 1789. He was Mayor of New York City from 1789 to 1801.[6] While Mayor, he focused on the yellow fever epidemics which struck repeatedly. Along with Samuel Jones, Varick revised and standardized the statutes of New York (1788). He was a member of the New York State Assembly from New York County from 1786 to 1788, and he was Speaker during the sessions of 1787 and 1788. Meanwhile, he served as a colonel in the state militia.[2] Later lifeVarick also served as a bank officer. He was a founder and later president (succeeding John Jay) of the American Bible Society,[7][8] as well as a member of the Society of the Cincinnati and president of the New York chapter until his death. As such, he was responsible for maintaining the legacy of George Washington. From 1790 to 1836, celebrations of Washington's birthday in the City included Tammany Hall dinners, Washington Benevolent Society parades and an intimate open house held each February 22 by Mary Simpson (c. 1752-March 18, 1836), at her John Street grocery. Varick was a member of, and generous contributor to, many charitable organizations in New York City.[2] Personal lifeHe and his wife Maria Roosevelt, daughter of Isaac Roosevelt, had no children.[9] He left his estate to his wife and relatives. Varick was interred at the First Reformed Dutch Church Cemetery in Hackensack, New Jersey.[10] LegacyThe Town of Varick, New York, Varick Street in Jersey City and Varick Street (where he once owned property) in Manhattan in the City of New York bear his name.[11][12] ReferencesNotes1. ^{{cite web|title=Guide to the Papers of Richard Varick 1743-1871 (Bulk 1775-1830) MS 655|url=http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/nyhs/varick/|website=dlib.nyu.edu|publisher=New-York Historical Society|accessdate=21 June 2017}} Sources2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Cushman|first1=Paul|title=Richard Varick : A Forgotten Founding Father : revolutionary war soldier, Federalist politician, mayor of New York|date=2010|publisher=Modern Memoirs|location=Amherst, MA|isbn=978-0-9772337-6-2|url=https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=aDOUOnCcpQYC}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Jameson|first1=J. F.|last2=Buel|first2=J. W.|title=American Reference Library: Encyclopedic dictionary of American Reference|date=1900|publisher=American Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gOtBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA326&lpg=PA326|accessdate=21 June 2017|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Colonel Richard Varick (1753-1831)|url=http://www.albanyinstitute.org/details/items/colonel-richard-varick-1753-1831.html|website=www.albanyinstitute.org|publisher=Albany Institute of History and Art|accessdate=21 June 2017|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Relates to General Richard Montgomery {{!}} Letter from Richard Varick to DeWitt Clinton, Governor of New York, requesting repayment of cash he has advanced for expenditures relating to the Internment of the Remains of the late General Montgomery {{!}} The Met|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/667757|website=metmuseum.org|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|accessdate=21 June 2017}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Marcus|first1=Maeva|last2=Perry|first2=James R.|title=The Documentary History of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1789-1800: Suits against states|date=1985|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231088725|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K7jhBkyoKSUC&pg=PA107&lpg=PA107|accessdate=21 June 2017|language=en}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Richard Varick: A Forgotten Founding Father|url=https://www.sunypress.edu/p-5293-richard-varick-a-forgotten-foun.aspx|website=www.sunypress.edu|accessdate=21 June 2017}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Wosh|first1=Peter J.|title=Spreading the Word: The Bible Business in Nineteenth-century America|date=1994|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=0801429285|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GM6Ktkt5kk4C&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16|accessdate=21 June 2017|language=en}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Hoffman|first1=Eugene Augustus|title=Genealogy of the Hoffman family : descendants of Martin Hoffman, with biographical notes ..|date=1899|publisher=Dodd, Mead & Company|location=New York|url=https://archive.org/details/genealogyofhoffm00hoff|accessdate=21 June 2017}} 10. ^NorthJersey.com. Accessed November 22, 2017. 11. ^Downtown Street Names and the Stories They Tell {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070822123311/http://www.lowermanhattan.info/news/downtown_street_names_and_44900.aspx |date=August 22, 2007 }}, LowerManhattan.info. Accessed August 22, 2007. "An extension of Seventh Avenue leading south from Clarkson Street, Varick Street got its name from Richard Varick, who served as the mayor of the city from 1791 to 1801." 12. ^{{cite news|last1=Longoria|first1=Patricia|title=The Dutch roots of Ithaca's Dey Street|url=https://www.poughkeepsiejournal.com/story/news/local/2017/05/25/dutch-roots-ithacas-dey-street/345293001/|accessdate=21 June 2017|work=The Poughkeepsie Journal|date=25 May 2017|language=en}}
External links
14 : Mayors of New York City|Members of the New York State Assembly|People of New Jersey in the American Revolution|Continental Army officers from New York (state)|Aides-de-camp of George Washington|Columbia University alumni|Politicians from Hackensack, New Jersey|1753 births|1831 deaths|Speakers of the New York State Assembly|New York State Attorneys General|New York City Recorders|Burials at First Reformed Dutch Church, Hackensack|New York (state) Federalists |
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