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词条 Greenland's Grand Canyon
释义

  1. References

Greenland's Grand Canyon or Grand Canyon of Greenland is a tentative canyon of record length discovered underneath the Greenland ice sheet as reported in the journal Science on 30 August 2013 (submitted 29 April 2013), by scientists from the University of Bristol, University of Calgary, and University of Urbino, who described it as a mega-canyon.[1][2][3]Ice-penetrating radar data collected during NASA's Operation IceBridge showed a huge subglacial canyon[4] running from the central region of the island northward into the Arctic Ocean, to the fjord of the Petermann Glacier. The bottom of the canyon is below sea level; the canyon is likely to have influenced basal water flow from the ice sheet interior to the margin. Jonathan Bamber, a geographer at University of Bristol, stated, "The distinctive V-shaped walls and flat bottom suggests water carved the buried valley, not ice."[4]

The canyon is more than {{convert|750|km|mi|0}} long, up to {{convert|800|m|ft|-2}} deep and {{convert|10|km|mi|0}} wide, making it the longest canyon discovered on the Earth to date.[6] There are, however, many canyons—including Arizona's Grand Canyon (1,857 meters) and Tibet's Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon (overall 2,268 meters), previously the world's longest—that are deeper.

The canyon predates ice sheet inception and has influenced basal hydrology in Greenland over past glacial cycles.[5][6][7]

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Beneath Greenland's ice, a grand canyon|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/29/world/europe/greenland-megacanyon/index.html|publisher=CNN|accessdate=30 August 2013}}
2. ^{{cite news|title=Scientists Discover a Mega-Canyon Beneath the Melting Ice Sheets of Greenland|url=http://science.time.com/2013/08/30/scientists-discover-a-mega-canyon-beneath-the-melting-ice-sheets-of-greenland/|accessdate=30 August 2013|newspaper=TIME|date=30 August 2013}}
3. ^Jonathan L. Bamber, Martin J. Siegert, Jennifer A. Griggs, Shawn J. Marshall, and Giorgio Spada, "Paleofluvial Mega-Canyon Beneath the Central Greenland Ice Sheet",Science, 30 August 2013, Vol. 341 no. 6149, pp. 997-999. {{doi|10.1126/science.1239794}}
4. ^1 Oskin, Becky, "'Grand Canyon of Greenland' discovered under ice sheet", NBC News, August 29, 2013
5. ^1 {{cite web|last=Oskin |first=Becky |url=http://news.discovery.com/earth/rocks-fossils/greenland-longest-canyon-discovered-130830.htm |title=Grand Canyon of Greenland Discovered under Ice |publisher=News.discovery.com |date= |accessdate=2 September 2013}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/goto?11354 |title=Greenland's Mega Canyon (narrated video) |publisher=NASA |date=29 August 2013| accessdate=30 August 2013}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=Canyon longer than Grand Canyon found buried under Greenland ice sheet|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/greenland/10275580/Canyon-longer-than-Grand-Canyon-found-buried-under-Greenland-ice-sheet.html|accessdate=30 August 2013|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|date=30 August 2013}}
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5 : 2013 in Greenland|2013 in science|Canyons and gorges of North America|Landforms of Greenland|Articles containing video clips
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