| 词条 | Aryabhata (satellite) |
| 释义 |
| name = Aryabhata | image = Aryabhata Satellite.jpg | image_size = 270px | image_caption = File photo of Aryabhata, India's first indigenously built satellite. | mission_type = Astrophysics | operator = ISRO | website = | COSPAR_ID = 1965-033A | SATCAT = 7752 | mission_duration = 4 days achieved | spacecraft_bus = | manufacturer = | dry_mass = | launch_mass = 360 kg (794 lb)[1] | power = 46 watts | launch_date ={{start-date|19 April 1975, 07:30|timezone=yes}} UTC[1] | launch_rocket = Kosmos-3M | launch_site = Kapustin Yar 107/2 | launch_contractor = | last_contact = {{end-date|24 April 1975}} | number_of_orbits_made = 92,875 | decay_date = 10 February 1992 | orbit_epoch = 19 May 1975[2] | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|568|km|mi}} | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|611|km|mi}} | orbit_inclination = 50.6 degrees | orbit_period = 96.46 minutes | apsis = gee }}Aryabhatta (Hindi: आर्यभट) was India's first satellite,[3] named after the famous Indian astronomer of the same name.[4] LaunchIt was launched by India on 19 April 1975[3] from Kapustin Yar, a Russian rocket launch and development site in Astrakhan Oblast using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation.The launch came from an agreement between India and the Soviet Union directed by UR Rao and signed in 1972. It allowed the USSR to use Indian ports for tracking ships and launching vessels in return for launching Indian satellites.[5] Aryabhatta is the first man made (artificial) Indian satellite. On 19 April 1975, the satellite's 96.46-minute orbit had an apogee of {{convert|611|km|mi}} and a perigee of {{convert|568|km|mi}}, at an inclination of 50.6 degrees.[2] It was built to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy, aeronomics, and solar physics. The spacecraft was a 26-sided polyhedron {{convert|1.4|m|ft}} in diameter. All faces (except the top and bottom) were covered with solar cells. A power failure halted experiments after four days and 60 orbits with all signals from the spacecraft lost after five days of the operation. According to Soviet media reports, the satellite continued to function and transmit information for some time. The satellite returned to the Earth's atmosphere on 11 February 1992. Legacy
See also{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=22 January 2014}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=22 January 2014}} 3. ^1 2 "Aryabhata" in The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 611. 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.isro.org/satellites/aryabhata.aspx |title=Aryabhata - The first indigenously built satellite}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Harvey|first=Brian|title=The Japanese and Indian space programmes : two roads into space|date=2000|publisher=Springer [u.a.]|location=London [u.a.]|isbn=1-85233-199-2|page=133}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Harvey|first=Brian|title=The Japanese and Indian Space Programmes: Two Roads into Space|date=2000|publisher=Springer|location=London|isbn=1-85233-199-2|page=134}} External links{{Portal bar|Spaceflight |India}}{{Commons category|Aryabhata (satellite)}}
7 : Spacecraft which reentered in 1992|1975 in the Soviet Union|1975 in India|India–Soviet Union relations|First artificial satellite of a country|Satellites of India|Spacecraft launched in 1975 |
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