| 词条 | Grigori Tokaty |
| 释义 |
|name = Grigori Tokaty |honorific_suffix = |image = Tokaty.jpg |caption = |birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1909|10|13}} |birth_place = Seker, Terek Oblast, Russian Empire |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2003|11|23|1909|10|13}} |death_place = Surrey, UK |spouse = Aza Baeva |residence = |citizenship = |nationality = Ossetian |alma_mater= Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy |fields = Physics |workplaces = |known_for = aerodynamics and rocket technology |awards = }}Grigori Aleksandrovich Tokaev ({{lang-ru|Григорий Александрович Токаев}}; {{lang-os|Гогки Ахмæты фырт Токаты, Gorki Axmætî fîrt Tokatî}}; also known as Grigory Tokaty; (October 13, 1909 – 23 November 2003) was a rocket scientist and long-standing critic of Stalin's USSR.[1] Pre war science workHe served as Head of Aeronautics Laboratory, Zhukovsky Academy 1938–41. After receiving his doctorate in technical sciences in 1941 he continued to lecture at the Zhukovsky Academy. Simultaneously he worked as Acting Head of the Department of Aviation at the Moscow Engineering Institute. One of his tasks was to study the possibility of developing a medium-range winged rocket. Great patriotic war and aftermathHitler launched Operation Barbarossa in 1941 rapidly overrunning Soviet front-line forces. The Academy's staff was evacuated to Sverdlovsk in the Urals. Tokaty returned to Moscow during the Battle of Moscow. He later flew in bombing raids over Stalingrad using American bombers delivered through lend-lease. By the end of the Second World War he had become a leading Party representative and academic. This was at the Zhukovsky Academy (now back in Moscow) and the Moscow Engineering Institute. After German capitulation in May 1945 in the following month he was sent to Berlin. This was to serve on the Soviet Control Commission working directly under Marshals Georgi Zhukov and Vasily Sokolovsky. As such he gained access to top-secret communications between the General Staff and the Kremlin. Life in UKHe moved to Britain shortly after the war in 1948. He later became Professor in the Department of Aeronautics and Space Technology at the City University in London from 1967 to 1975. He regularly appeared in the New Scientist magazine.[2] He appeared in episode five[3] of the World War II documentary series The World at War where he gives a recollection of his experiences.[4] A fictional Tokaev appears in Book 10 of Upton Sinclair's final novel in the Lanny Budd series as the rescuer of Lanny from a Russian MVD prison in East Berlin. Sinclair acknowledges his contribution to the novel in the Acknowledgements section appearing before the start of the novel or after the end, depending on the edition.[5] References1. ^http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/heroesvillains/g4/cs2/g4cs2s5.htm {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tokaty, Grigori}}{{Russia-scientist-stub}}2. ^New Scientist Feb 20, 1975, New Scientist Jul 8, 1971, New Scientist Jan 20, 1973 3. ^https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olYUrlIfWg0 4. ^The World at War, Episode 5; Barbarossa originally broadcast 21 November 1973 5. ^{{cite book |last1=Sinclair |first1=Upton |title=The Return of Lanny Budd |date=1953 |publisher=Viking Press |location=New York}} 7 : 1909 births|2003 deaths|20th-century Russian scientists|Soviet military personnel of World War II|Rocket scientists|Ossetian people|Soviet defectors to the United Kingdom |
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