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词条 Grom-class destroyer (1939)
释义

  1. History

  2. References

{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption=ORP Huragan
}}{{Infobox ship class overview		 Builders=Stocznia Marynarki Wojennej, GdyniaPoland|1919}}Grom|destroyer}} Class after= Subclasses= Built range=1939 In commission range= Total ships building= Total ships planned=Huragan and Orkan Total ships completed= Total ships cancelled= Total ships active= Total ships laid up= Total ships lost= Total ships retired= Total ships scrapped= Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Grom|destroyer}}Ship tonnage=Ship displacement=*2,045 tons standard
  • 2,214 tons normal
  • 2,470 tons full
114|m|ft|abbr=on}}11|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}3.46|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}Ship depth=Ship hold depth=Ship ice class=Ship sail plan=56500|shp|abbr=on}}Ship propulsion=*Two Parsons steam turbines
  • 3 boilers
  • 2 shafts
39|kn}}3,500|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn|km/h|abbr=on|lk=in}}Ship endurance=Ship test depth=Ship boats=Ship capacity=Ship complement=192Ship crew=Ship time to activate=Ship troops=Ship sensors=Ship EW=120|mm|in|abbr=on}} Bofors wz. 34/36 guns
  • 2 × double {{convert|40|mm|in|abbr=on}} AA Bofors guns
  • 4 × double 13,2 mm AA Hotchkiss HMG
  • 6 × {{convert|550|mm|in|abbr=on}}/{{convert|533|mm|in|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes
  • 2 × depth charge launchers, 20 wz. BH 200 bombs
  • 44 naval mines
Ship armour=Ship armor=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Ship notes=
}}

The improved Grom-class destroyers of 1939 were the third and fourth planned ships of the Grom class of destroyers ordered for the Polish Navy shortly before World War II. They were to be built in Poland, the first destroyers so constructed, and were to be named Huragan ("hurricane") and Orkan ("windstorm"), respectively. Their design included greater power and displacement than the first two ships of the class. Their construction was interrupted by the beginning of World War II and they were never completed.

History

In the late 1930s, the Polish Navy decided to expand its destroyer fleet. With positive reviews of the operational service of the two British-built {{sclass-|Grom|destroyer}}s, Grom and Błyskawica, the Navy decided to order two more ships of that type. This time, however, the order was given (on 1 May 1939) to the recently expanded Polish Naval Yard (Stocznia Marynarki Wojennej) in Gdynia rather than to the British J. Samuel White shipyard in Cowes, responsible for the two previous ships.[1][2] They would have been the first destroyer-class warships to be built in Poland (till then, the Polish shipyards have been building smaller ships, such as minelayers and minesweepers).[3][3] The White shipyards were to provide the turbines, and some armament was also ordered abroad (main and secondary guns from Swedish Bofors, and machine guns from the French company Hotchkiss et Cie).[1] The cost of the destroyers was 32 millions zlotys, of which 55% was to be spent in Poland.[1]

The two new destroyers were planned with several changes in the design. The superstructure and funnels were to be grouped together, and crew quarters layout was changed. Welding was to be used more prominently in the construction. Engine power was to be increased by 2,500 horsepower; the displacement would be increased by 70 tons.

Huragan was to be ready for April 1942 (36 months after being ordered), and Orkan, for October of that year.[1] Construction work on Huragan begun on 15 July 1939, when its keel was laid down.[4] The German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 interrupted the construction; some materials were diverted to the improvised armoured train "Kashubian Dragon".[1][2][3][5] Within the next few weeks, the Gdynia and Polish Navy shipyards were captured by the Germans. The construction of the two destroyers, barely started, was never resumed, as the materials were scrapped or re-purposed by the occupier.

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|author=Stanisław Mariusz Piaskowski|title=Okręty Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej 1920-1946: album planów|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_1EvAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=17 July 2011|year=1984|publisher="Sigma Press"|page=30}}
2. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Robert Gardiner|author2=Roger Chesneau|title=Conway's All the world's fighting ships, 1922-1946|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJBMBvyQ83EC&pg=PA349|accessdate=17 July 2011|date=January 1980|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=978-0-87021-913-9|page=349}}
3. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Naval Records Club (U.S.)|author2=International Naval Research Organization|title=Warship international|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ihBHAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=17 July 2011|year=1986|publisher=International Naval Research Organization|page=105}}
4. ^1 {{cite book|author=Michael Alfred Peszke|title=Poland's Navy, 1918-1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5jdpAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=17 July 2011|year=1999|publisher=Hippocrene Books Inc.|isbn=978-0-7818-0672-5|page=22}}
5. ^Tadeusz Krawczak, Jerzy Odziemkowski: Polskie pociągi pancerne w wojnie 1939. Wyd. I. Warszawa: Książka i Wiedza, 1987, seria: Biblioteka Pamięci Pokoleń. {{ISBN|83-05-11723-5}}. pp. 172–207
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}}{{Improved Grom class destroyers}}{{WWIIPolishShips}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Grom}}

3 : Grom-class destroyers|World War II destroyers of Poland|Destroyers of Poland
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