| 词条 | Riddle, Oregon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Riddle, Oregon |settlement_type = City |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Riddle Grocery.jpg |imagesize = 210px |image_caption = Grocery store in Riddle |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Douglas_County_Oregon_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Riddle_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location in Oregon |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Oregon |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Douglas |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = William G. Duckett |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = 1893 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = 0.63 |area_footnotes = [1] |area_total_km2 = 1.63 |area_land_sq_mi = 0.63 |area_land_km2 = 1.63 |area_water_sq_mi = 0 |area_water_km2 = 0 |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_footnotes = [2] |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 1191 |pop_est_as_of = 2015[1] |population_note = |population_total = 1185 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = 726.3 |population_density_sq_mi = 1881.0 |timezone = Pacific |utc_offset = -8 |timezone_DST = Pacific |utc_offset_DST = -7 |coordinates = {{coord|42|57|6|N|123|21|54|W|region:US-OR_type:city(1014)_source:gnis-1166702|display=inline,title}} |elevation_ft = 700 |website = |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 97469 |area_code = 541 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 41-61850[2] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1166702[2] |footnotes = }} Riddle is a city in Douglas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 1,185 at the 2010 census. HistoryRiddle was founded by John Bouseman Riddle, the son of William H. Riddle, for whom the town was named. William H. Riddle was a native of Springfield, Illinois, who settled in the area in 1851. By 1881, the Southern Pacific Railroad line south of Roseburg had a station here called "Riddlesburg", which was changed to "Riddles" in 1882 and to "Riddle" in 1889. A post office at this location opened under the name of "Riddles" in 1882 and was changed to "Riddle" in 1910.[3] J. B. Riddle purchased a land claim from J.Q.C. VanDenbosch at the age of nineteen in the year 1863. In 1869, Riddle sold 140.5 acres of his claim to his brother, Abner. When the railroad came through, it passed between the brothers' properties. J.B. took advantage of the opportunity afforded by the railroad and turned from farming to business. He and his second wife, Mary Catching, built a hotel in what would become the city of Riddle, and J.B. opened several small eating houses along the tracks clear to Medford.[4] Demographics{{US Census population|1900= 131 |1910= 187 |1920= 268 |1930= 195 |1940= 214 |1950= 634 |1960= 992 |1970= 1042 |1980= 1265 |1990= 1143 |2000= 1014 |2010= 1185 |estyear=2016 |estimate=1201 |estref=[5] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[6] }} 2010 censusAs of the 2010 census, there were 1,185 people, 460 households, and 307 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1881.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 491 housing units at an average density of {{convert|779.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 89.7% White, 0.3% African American, 3.0% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.2% from other races, and 5.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.1% of the population.[7]
There were 460 households of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them. Married couples living together constituted 44.8%, while 17.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.3% were non-families. Individuals made up 25.2% of all households and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 people and the average family size was 3.01.[7] The median age in the city was 36.6 years. Residents were under the age of 18 made up 25.4% of the population; 9.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.3% were from 25 to 44; 28.2% were from 45 to 64; and 11.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.[7] 2000 censusAs of the census of 2000, there were 1,014 people, 381 households, and 265 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,519.6 people per square mile (584.3/km²). There were 406 housing units at an average density of 608.5 per square mile (234.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.48% White, 2.27% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 2.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.97% of the population.[7]
There were 381 households out of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. Individuals made up 24.4% of all households and 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 people and the average family size was 3.15.[7] In the city, the population was spread out with 31.2% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.[7] The median income for a household in the city was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $37,159. Males had a median income of $31,438 versus $27,232 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,666. About 16.1% of families and 19.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.1% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.[7] GeographyRiddle is about {{convert|25|mi|km}} south of Roseburg and {{convert|220|mi|km}} south of Portland. It lies about {{convert|4|mi|km}} west of Oregon Route 99 (Interstate 5) at an elevation of about {{convert|700|ft|m}} above sea level. Cow Creek flows by Riddle before entering the nearby South Umpqua River.[17] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|0.63|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.[8] ClimateRiddle has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb) according to the Köppen climate classification system. Summers are cool during the mornings but become hot by afternoon, whilst winters are chilly, if not severe, and rainy. During hot spells in the summer, there are 28 afternoons reaching over {{convert|90|F|C|1|disp=or}} and three afternoons over {{convert|100|F|C|1|disp=or}}, although only five mornings have ever stayed at or above {{convert|68|F|C|disp=or}}. The hottest afternoon has been {{convert|110|F|C|1}} on August 17, 1977, and the hottest morning {{convert|72|F|C|1}} on June 28, 2016. The hottest month on record has been July 2015 with a mean of {{convert|75.1|F|C|1}}, although the hottest mean maximun is {{convert|93.6|F|C|1|disp=or}} in July 1938 and August 1939.[19] During winter, most days feature westerly surface and aloft winds, although rainfall is restricted by the coastal mountains. On rare occasions, a block in the Gulf of Alaska will drive cold air from the continent west of the Sierra/Cascade crest, producing much colder than normal weather with either snow or clear skies. The coldest month on record has been January 1937 with a mean of {{convert|32.7|F|C|1}} and a maximum of {{convert|40.0|F|C|1}}. The coldest temperature on record has been {{convert|−3|F|C|1}} on January 22, 1962. The wettest “rain year” was from July 1973 to June 1974 with {{convert|50.01|in|mm|1}} and the driest from July 1976 to June 1977 with {{convert|16.20|in|mm|1}}. The wettest day on record has been November 20, 2012 when {{convert|4.43|in|mm|1}} fell, and the wettest month December 1996 with {{convert|16.72|in|mm|1}}. Snowfall is rare: the mean is {{convert|5.2|in|m|2|disp=or}}; although the most in one month was {{convert|42.9|in|m|2}} in January 1950 and the most on the ground was {{convert|13|in|m|2|disp=or}} on January 13, 1930, eighteen seasons have had zero snowfall and four more only a trace. {{Weather box |location = Riddle |single line = Y | Jan record high F = 71 | Feb record high F = 80 | Mar record high F = 86 | Apr record high F = 94 | May record high F = 106 | Jun record high F = 107 | Jul record high F = 108 | Aug record high F = 110 | Sep record high F = 108 | Oct record high F = 102 | Nov record high F = 81 | Dec record high F = 74 | year record high F = 110 | Jan high F = 49.1 | Feb high F = 54.5 | Mar high F = 59 | Apr high F = 64.2 | May high F = 70.6 | Jun high F = 77.2 | Jul high F = 84.9 | Aug high F = 85.1 | Sep high F = 79.6 | Oct high F = 68.2 | Nov high F = 55.3 | Dec high F = 48.6 | year high F = 66.4 | Jan low F = 34.4 | Feb low F = 35.6 | Mar low F = 37 | Apr low F = 39.3 | May low F = 43.6 | Jun low F = 48.7 | Jul low F = 52.1 | Aug low F = 51.3 | Sep low F = 46.4 | Oct low F = 42 | Nov low F = 39 | Dec low F = 35.3 | year low F = 42.1 | Jan record low F = −3 | Feb record low F = 8 | Mar record low F = 20 | Apr record low F = 9 | May record low F = 26 | Jun record low F = 34 | Jul record low F = 35 | Aug record low F = 36 | Sep record low F = 24 | Oct record low F = 17 | Nov record low F = 13 | Dec record low F = 3 | year record low F = 2 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 4.86 | Feb precipitation inch = 3.64 | Mar precipitation inch = 3.18 | Apr precipitation inch = 2.11 | May precipitation inch = 1.53 | Jun precipitation inch = 0.95 | Jul precipitation inch = 0.27 | Aug precipitation inch = 0.38 | Sep precipitation inch = 0.88 | Oct precipitation inch = 2.32 | Nov precipitation inch = 4.72 | Dec precipitation inch = 5.54 | Jan precipitation days = 16 | Feb precipitation days = 15 | Mar precipitation days = 15 | Apr precipitation days = 13 | May precipitation days = 9 | Jun precipitation days = 6 | Jul precipitation days = 2 | Aug precipitation days = 2 | Sep precipitation days = 4 | Oct precipitation days = 9 | Nov precipitation days = 15 | Dec precipitation days = 16 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch | Jan snow inch = 2.6 | Feb snow inch = 1 | Mar snow inch = 0.5 | Apr snow inch = 0 | May snow inch = 0 | Jun snow inch = 0 | Jul snow inch = 0 | Aug snow inch = 0 | Sep snow inch = 0 | Oct snow inch = 0 | Nov snow inch = 0.2 | Dec snow inch = 0.9 |source 1 = [9] |date=November 2015 |source 2 = [10] }} EconomyThe Riddle area was known for nickel mining, with several square miles of nickel-bearing garnierite surface deposits nearby. The mine closed in 1987.[11][12] EducationThe Riddle School District provides primary and secondary public education in the city. The district operates Riddle Elementary School and Riddle Junior/Senior High School.[13] References1. ^{{cite web |title=Population Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=June 2, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |archivedate=June 17, 2013 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=October 25, 2007}} 3. ^{{cite book | last = McArthur | first = Lewis A. | authorlink = Lewis A. McArthur |author2=Lewis L. McArthur | title = Oregon Geographic Names | origyear = 1928 | edition = 7th| year = 2003 | publisher = Oregon Historical Society Press | location = Portland, Oregon| isbn = 0-87595-277-1 | page = 810}} 4. ^{{Cite book|title=Pioneer Days in the South Umpqua Valley|last=The South Umpqua Historical Society|first=|publisher=Umpqua Free Press|year=1984|isbn=|location=Myrtle Creek, Oregon|pages=25-32}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=December 21, 2012}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=December 21, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=January 24, 2012 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or7169 |title=RIDDLE, OR (357169) |accessdate=November 26, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }} 10. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mfr |title=NOW Data |accessdate=December 24, 2016 |publisher=National Weather Service, Medford, Oregon }} 11. ^1 {{cite journal|author=Staff|title=The Nickel Mountain Project|url=http://www.oregongeology.com/sub/publications/OG/OBv15n10.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries|journal=The Ore-Bin|volume=15|number=10|date=1953|pages=59–66|accessdate=May 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212005749/http://www.oregongeology.com/sub/publications/OG/OBv15n10.pdf|archive-date=February 12, 2012|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}} 12. ^http://www.environmentwriter.org/resources/backissues/chemicals/nickel.htm{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Chemical Backgrounders: Nickel 13. ^{{cite web|title=Riddle School District|url=http://www.riddle.k12.or.us/pages/Riddle_School_District|accessdate=May 9, 2015}}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Further reading
External links
3 : Cities in Oregon|Cities in Douglas County, Oregon|1893 establishments in Oregon |
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