词条 | Guido Tonelli |
释义 |
Guido Tonelli (born 1950) is an Italian particle physicist. He is one of the main protagonists of the discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC.[1] He is a professor of General Physics at the University of Pisa (Italy) and a CERN visiting scientist. BiographyHe was born in Casola in Lunigiana, Italy, on November 8, 1950. He received his degree in physics in 1975 at the University of Pisa, Italy where he becomes professor in 1992. Since 1976 he works in the field of high energy physics, participating in CERN experiments NA1, NA7 and ALEPH, and in the CDF experiment at Fermilab, Batavia (IL-USA). Among his contributions there are the first precision measurements of the lifetime of charmed mesons, precision tests of the Standard Model of the fundamental interactions, search for the Higgs boson, and for various signatures of Supersymmetry or new physics beyond the Standard Model. Since the beginning of the '90 his activity is mainly devoted to the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS), experiment proposed for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva, (Switzerland). He participates in CMS since the conceptual design contributing with the original idea of a central tracker fully based on semiconductor devices.[2] He is elected as CMS Spokesperson for the years 2010-2011.[3] On December 13, 2011, together with Fabiola Gianotti, ATLAS Spokesperson, he presented in a special seminar at CERN the first evidence of the presence of the Higgs boson around a mass of 125 GeV/c2.[4] The 125GeV signal appears again in the new data collected in spring 2012, and, combining the 7 TeV 2011 data with the 8TeV, 2012 data, the statistical significance of the signal reaches the conventional 5 sigma threshold needed to announce a new discovery. Therefore, on July 4, 2012, the ATLAS and CMS experiments announce formally the observation of a new Higgs-like boson at LHC.[5] On March 14, 2013, new results presented by ATLAS and CMS at the Moriond Conference in La Thuile confirm that all observations are consistent with the hypothesis the observed particle being the Standard Model Higgs boson.[6] Thanks to this discovery, on October 8, 2013 the Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 was assigned to François Englert and Peter Higgs with the motivation "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider".[7] Awards
External links
References1. ^{{cite web|author=DENNIS OVERBYE |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/05/science/chasing-the-higgs-boson-how-2-teams-of-rivals-at-CERN-searched-for-physics-most-elusive-particle.html |title=Chasing the Higgs: How 2 Teams of Rivals Searched for Physics' Most Elusive Particle |work=The New York Times |date=2013-03-04 |accessdate=2018-09-21}} {{Breakthrough Prize laureates}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tonelli, Guido}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.infn.it/notiziario/not10/Art.6.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-11-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051216070009/http://www.infn.it/notiziario/not10/Art.6.pdf |archivedate=2005-12-16 |df= }} 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.adnkronos.com/Speciali/Scienza/NotizieBox/02_230309.html# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829041818/http://www.adnkronos.com/Speciali/Scienza/NotizieBox/02_230309.html# |archive-date=2010-08-29 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 4. ^CERN Press Release: ATLAS and CMS experiments present Higgs search status 5. ^{{cite web|author=DENNIS OVERBYE |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/05/science/cern-physicists-may-have-discovered-higgs-boson-particle.html |title=Physicists Find Particle That Could Be the Higgs Boson |work=The New York Times |date=2012-07-04 |accessdate=2018-09-21}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2013/03/new-results-indicate-new-particle-higgs-boson |title=New results indicate that new particle is a Higgs boson |publisher=CERN |date= |accessdate=2018-09-21}} 7. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/year/?year=2013# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420023724/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/year/?year=2013# |archive-date=2017-04-20 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://cms.web.cern.ch/news/former-cms-spokesperson-receives-italian-knighthood |title=Former CMS Spokesperson receives Italian knighthood |publisher=CMS Experiment |date=2012-10-05 |accessdate=2018-09-21}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Fundamental Physics Prize - News|url=http://www.fundamentalphysicsprize.org/news/news3|publisher=Fundamental Physics Prize|accessdate=11 December 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112222816/http://www.fundamentalphysicsprize.org/news/news3|archivedate=12 January 2013|df=}} 10. ^{{cite journal|title=Enrico Fermi Prize honours LHC physicists|journal=CERN Courier|date=October 2013|volume=53|issue=8|page=42|url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/1735004?ln=en}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.epsnews.eu/2013/08/fermi-prize-2013/ |title=SIF Fermi Prize for decisive contribution to LHC discoveries |publisher=e-EPS |date=2013-08-21 |accessdate=2018-09-21}} 12. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.gonews.it/2014/03/12/torre-dargento-al-fisico-guido-tonelli-lectio-magistralis-al-polo-fibonacci/# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103182720/http://www.gonews.it/2014/03/12/torre-dargento-al-fisico-guido-tonelli-lectio-magistralis-al-polo-fibonacci/# |archive-date=2014-11-03 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 13. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.gonews.it/2014/10/21/ginsborg-pascale-albisani-e-salibra-i-vincitori-del-premio-letterario-della-citta-della-torre/# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103182540/http://www.gonews.it/2014/10/21/ginsborg-pascale-albisani-e-salibra-i-vincitori-del-premio-letterario-della-citta-della-torre/# |archive-date=2014-11-03 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 7 : 1950 births|Living people|Italian physicists|Experimental physicists|People associated with CERN|Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic|Breakthrough Prize winners |
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