| 词条 | Guðlaugur Friðþórsson |
| 释义 |
Guðlaugur Friðþórsson (born 24 September 1961) is an Icelandic fisherman who survived six hours in {{convert|5|°C|°F}} cold water after his fishing vessel had capsized and furthermore trekked, for another three hours, across lava fields to reach a town for help in freezing conditions. Sequence of eventsOn 11 March 1984, Guðlaugur and four other fishermen were fishing near the Westman Islands when their boat, which was engaging in fishing and carrying trenchers to another village, capsized at about 10 pm.[1] It is suspected that the weight of the trenchers was miscalculated, causing the boat to be more susceptible to turbulent ocean conditions.[2][3] During the sinking of their boat, off the coast of Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar, he and two out of four other companions climbed on to the keel. After about 45 minutes, they swam towards the shore, yet the other two disappeared within 10 minutes. The only survivor of the crew of five, Guðlaugur swam for five to six hours in {{convert|5|°C|°F}} to {{convert|6|°C|°F}} cold water the 6 km to the island, wearing shirt, sweater and jeans,[1] guided by a lighthouse.[4] He remained clear-headed throughout.[1] Reaching the shore of Heimaey, he found himself at the most dangerous section of the island's coastline, due mainly to the waves hitting the coastal lava rock formations. After searching for and finding a suitable, less steep part of the shoreline, he finally got to land but had to walk with bare feet, traversing 3 km of volcanic scree.[4] When he knocked on a door at 7 am, nine hours after the boat had sunk, he was taken to the hospital. His body temperature was below {{convert|34|°C|°F}} yet he showed almost no symptoms of hypothermia nor vasodilatation, only of dehydration.[2][3] TestingIn autumn 1985 Jóhann Axelsson, head of Department of Physiology at the University of Iceland in Reykjavík, who already included Guðlaugur in an ongoing study on hypothermia, took Guðlaugur to London to William Keatinge, of the Physiology Department of the London Hospital Medical College and one of the world's experts in hypothermia. Together, they demonstrated that the 23-year old, 125 kg (250 lbs) Icelander has phenomenal resistance to cold.[2][5][6] See also
Footnotes1. ^1 2 {{harvcolnb|Keatinge|Coleshaw|Millard|Axelsson|1986|p=171}} 2. ^1 2 {{Cite magazine |title=Why the fat Icelander survived his Arctic swim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rYIJJP7audkC&pg=PA26&lpg=PA26&dq=gudlaugur+fridthorsson&source=bl&ots=vaeOLOEykf&sig=cPCPEvKE3pD4hPNM4DAXH0GrmJM&hl=en&ei=BxA3TKSBLI-lOL2IoMEE&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CDEQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=gudlaugur%20fridthorsson&f=false |magazine=New Scientist |publisher=IPC Media |issue=1492 |page=26|date=23 January 1986}} 3. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://www.vikingrune.com/2009/03/true-viking-grit |title=The True Viking Grit |website=The Viking Rune |publication-date=March 2009 |access-date=17 November 2016}} 4. ^1 {{Cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/f0e53490-2261-11df-a93d-00144feab49a |title=Off the tourist trail in Iceland |last=Roberts |first=Sophy |work=Financial Times |publisher=The Nikkei |publication-date=27 February 2010 |access-date=17 November 2016}} 5. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/mensch-gene/naturphaenomen-das-geheimnis-des-seehund-mannes-12815996.html |title=Naturphänomen: Das Geheimnis des Seehund-Mannes |last=Gehrmann|first=Alva |work=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung |publisher=Fazit-Stiftung |publication-date=26 February 2014 |access-date=17 November 2016|language=de}} 6. ^{{harvcolnb|Keatinge|Coleshaw|Millard|Axelsson|1986|p=172}} References
4 : 1961 births|Living people|20th-century Icelandic people|Shipwreck survivors |
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