| 词条 | Gyōdō |
| 释义 |
CeremoniesThe term "gyōdō" may be used to refer to three distinct ceremonies: ritual circumambulation of temple buildings or images while chanting sutras; masked processions during memorial services; and, in Pure Land Buddhism, reenactments of the descent of Amida.[1] Gyōdō ceremonies still take place annually on May 14 at Taima-dera, where they are also known as {{nihongo|mukaekō|迎講}} or {{nihongo|nerikuyō|練供養}}.[2][3][4] MasksSurviving masks include a pair of masks dating from 1086 and 1334 at Tōdai-ji (ICP);[5] a set of ten masks dating from 1138 for use in the {{nihongo|shōryō-e|聖霊会}} ceremonies at Hōryū-ji (ICP);[6] thirteen Heian-period masks from {{nihongo|Mitsuki Hachimangū|御調八幡宮}} (ICP);[7] a Kamakura-period mask of Tamonten at the Tokyo National Museum;[8] a thirteenth-century bodhisattva mask at the British Museum;[9] a Kamakura-period bodhisattva mask at the National Gallery of Victoria;[10] a fifteenth-century example at the Victoria and Albert Museum;[11] and a pre-modern mask at the Smithsonian Institution.[12] A late-Heian Taishakuten of uncertain provenance was auctioned by Christie's in 2010 for $20,000.[13] See also
References1. ^{{cite book |title=Bugaku Masks |author=Nishikawa Kyōtarō |publisher=Kodansha |year=1978 |isbn=0870113127 |pages=96 f}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gyodo}}2. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/asie_0766-1177_1995_num_8_1_1100 |title=The Mukaekō of Taimadera: A Case of Salvation Re-enacted |author=Bryant, Gail Chin |journal=Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie |year=1995 |volume=8 |pages=325–334}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/n/nerikuyou.htm |title=Nerikuyou |publisher=Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.taimadera.org/gyoji1.htm |title=年中行事 |trans-title=Annual ceremonies |publisher=Taima-dera |accessdate=20 April 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825074251/http://www.taimadera.org/gyoji1.htm |archivedate=25 August 2011 |df= }} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/bsys/maindetails.asp?register_id=201&item_id=4972 |title=木造行道面（蠅払） |trans-title=Wooden gyōdō masks |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/bsys/maindetails.asp?register_id=201&item_id=4964 |title=木造行道面（聖霊会所用） |trans-title=Wooden gyōdō masks (for use in the shōryō-e) |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/bsys/maindetails.asp?register_id=201&item_id=10546 |title=木造行道面 |trans-title=Wooden gyōdō masks |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.tnm.jp/modules/r_free_page/index.php?id=548&lang=en |title=Masks |publisher=Tokyo National Museum |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/asia/b/bodhisattva_mask_for_gyōd.aspx |title=Bodhisattva mask for Gyōdō |publisher=British Museum |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/col/work/53923 |title=Gyodo mask of Bodhisattva |publisher=National Gallery of Victoria |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O224665/buddhist-mask/ |title=Buddhist mask |publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.asia.si.edu/collections/singleObject.cfm?ObjectNumber=F1902.88 |title=Gyodo mask |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/LotDetailsPrintable.aspx?intObjectID=5294702 |title=A wood Gyodo Mask of Taishakuten |publisher=Christie's |accessdate=20 April 2012}} 3 : Japanese culture|Masquerade ceremonies in Asia|Ceremonies in Japan |
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