| 词条 | Gök Medrese (Sivas) | ||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| building_name = Gökmedrese Sahibiye Medresesi | image = Gök Medrese.jpg | caption = | map_type = | map_size = | map_caption = | location = Sivas, Turkey | geo = {{coord|39.74424|37.01666|display=inline,title}} | religious_affiliation = Islam | status = | functional_status = | heritage_designation = | leadership = | website = {{URL|http://www.gokmedrese.com}} | architecture = yes | architect = Kaluyan[1] | architecture_type = Madrasah | architecture_style = Islamic, Seljuk architecture | capacity = | length = | width = {{convert|31.25|m|abbr=on}} | dome_quantity = | dome_height_outer = | general_contractor = | facade_direction = west-southwest | groundbreaking = | year_completed = 1271 | minaret_quantity = 2 | minaret_height = {{convert|25|m|abbr=on}} | spire_quantity = | spire_height = | materials = }} Gökmedrese or Gök Medrese (literally: "Celestial Madrasah" or "Blue Madrasah"), also known as Sahibiye Medresesi, is a 13th-century medrese, an Islamic educational institution, in Sivas, Turkey. The medrese was commissioned by Sahip Ata Fahrettin Ali, a vizier and the de facto ruler of Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm after the death of Pervane in 1277. Up to 1271, he was usually in good terms with Pervane. He commissioned many buildings in Anatolia. Gökmedrese is one of the most imposing of all. The original name of the medrese is Sahibiye, referring to Sahip Ata. But it is usually known as Gökmedrese, because of the sky-blue tiles used at the building. HistoryThe medrese was constructed by an architect{{cref|a}}{{cref|b}} known as "Kaloyan" (Byzantine Greek: {{lang|el|Καλό Γιάννη}}, "Kalo Yianni," literally 'good John') from Konya.[1] Originally, it was a two-story building. There were also a hamam (Turkish bath) and a soup kitchen for 30 people. But presently, only the 13 rooms of the lower floor exist. It was restored in 1823 and was in use up until 1926.[2] Technical detailsThere are two {{convert|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} high minarets, one at each side of the portal. The width of the building is {{convert|31.25|m|ft|abbr=on}}. The dimensions of the courtyard is {{convert|24.25|x|14.40|m|ft|abbr=on}}. There are two divisions, one leading to the mescit (prayer room) and the other to class rooms.[2] VakıfIn middle age Islamic countries Vakıf was a source of revenue, endowed for the exploitation and the maintenance of the foundations as well as for the salaries of the staff. In Gökmedrese case, there were 85 markets, nine villages, two farms and some other sources endowed as vakfiye. GalleryNotes{{cnote|a|possibly of Armenian origin[3][4][5]}}{{cnote|b|possibly of Cappadocian Greek origin[6]}}References1. ^1 Arcnet {{Madrasas in Turkey}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gokmedrese}}2. ^1 http://eskidergi.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/makale/1290.pdf {{tr icon}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://hpj.asj-oa.am/3852/1/1983-4%28126%29.pdf|title=Сельджукские отклики на темы армянский средневековой архитектуры.|publisher=Историко-филологический журнал|work=№ 4 . стр-цы. 126-130. ISSN 0135-0536|year=1983|author=А. Л. Якобсон|accessdate=2012-11-17|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6DWqde46V?url=http://hpj.asj-oa.am/3852/1/1983-4(126).pdf|archivedate=2013-01-08|deadurl=yes|df=}} 4. ^Maxim Yevadian: Les Seldjouks et les architectes arméniens, Les Nouvelles d'Arménie Magazine, Nr. 156, October 2009, p. 73. 5. ^Ars Islamica / Detroit Institute of Arts. Research Seminary in Islamic Art / University of Michigan Press, 1939 - p. 67 La signature Kaloyan du Gok Medrese de Sivâs (1270) est également arménienne 6. ^{{cite book|author=Speros Vryonis|title=Studies on Byzantium, Seljuks, and Ottomans|year=1981|page=282|quote="Perhaps the best known of these architects was the Greek from Konya, Kaloyan, who worked on the Ilgin Han in 1267-8 and three years later built the Gök Medrese of Sivas."}} 6 : Buildings and structures in Sivas|Seljuk architecture|Buildings and structures completed in 1271|Madrasas in Turkey|Buildings and structures of the Sultanate of Rum|Educational institutions established in the 13th century |
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