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词条 Haitian gunboat Crête-à-Pierrot
释义

  1. Description

  2. Commission

  3. Destruction

  4. Gallery

  5. References

{{redirect|Crête-à-Pierrot|the battle of 1802|Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot}}>{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Haitian ship Crête-à-Pierrot.jpgShip image size=300pxShip caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country= HaitiHaiti}}Ship name= Crête-à-PierrotShip owner=Shop namesake= Battle of Crête-à-PierrotShip ordered=Ship builder=Earle's Shipbuilding & Engineering Co, Hull (Yard 396)Ship laid down=Ship launched=7 November 1895Ship acquired=Ship commissioned=1896Ship decommissioned=Ship in service=Ship out of service=1902Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship honours=Ship honors=Ship fate=Destroyed to prevent captureShip status=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship type=GunboatShip displacement=950 tonsShip length=Ship beam=Ship draught=Ship draft=Ship power=Triple expansion steam enginesShip propulsion=1 × propeller16|kn|km/h|lk=in}}Ship range=Ship complement=175Ship sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament=*1 × 16 cm gun
  • 1 × 12 cm gun
  • 4 × 10 cm guns
  • 4 × Nordenfelt machine guns
  • 2 × Maxim machine guns
Ship armour=Ship armor=Ship notes=
}}

Crête-à-Pierrot was a gunboat in the Haitian Navy. It was destroyed by Admiral Hammerton Killick in 1902 to prevent it falling into the hands of a German warship.

Description

The ship displaced 950 tons. It was powered by a triple expansion steam engine driving a single screw propeller, giving a speed of {{convert|16|kn|km/h|lk=in}}. Armament comprised a 16 cm, 12 cm and four 10 cm guns, four Nordenfelt machine guns and two Maxim machine guns.[1][2]

Commission

The Haitian Government commissioned an armed cruiser to be designed by Sir E J Reed and built by Earle's Shipbuilding & Engineering Co at Hull, Yorkshire, England.[1][2][3] The ship was launched as Crête-à-Pierrot, named for the revolutionary battle of Crête-à-Pierrot, on 7 November 1895.[2] After arming in France, it was added to the Haitian Navy in 1896 and considered the Navy's crown jewel, the best of the four ships it possessed at the time.[3]

Crête-à-Pierrot{{'}}s first commander was Captain Gilmour, from Scotland, who served under contract to Haiti.[3]

Destruction

In 1902 Haiti was enveloped in a civil war over who would become president after the sudden resignation of Tirésias Simon Sam. Crête-à-Pierrot was controlled by Admiral Hammerton Killick and supporters of Anténor Firmin and was used to blockade ports where Pierre Nord Alexis was gathering troops.[4] There was a plan to use Crête-à-Pierrot to transport Firmin to Port-au-Prince while Jean Jumeau marched on Port-au-Prince by land.[5]

In September 1902, Crête-à-Pierrot seized a German ammunition ship, Markomannia en route to provide ammunition to Alexis' forces.[5] Alexis asked Germany for help subduing a pirate ship.[4] In response, Germany sent the gunboat {{SMS|Panther}} to find and capture Crête-à-Pierrot.[5]

On 6 September, Crête-à-Pierrot was in port at Gonaïves, with Killick and most of the crew on Shore leave when Panther appeared.[6] Killick rushed aboard and ordered his crew to abandon ship.[6] When all but four crew members had evacuated the ship[5] Killick, inspired by the tale of Captain LaPorte, wrapped himself in a Haitian flag, fired the aft magazine, and blew up the ship rather than let the Germans take her.[6][7] Killick and the remaining four crew members went down with the ship.[6]

An hour later, Panther fired thirty shots at Crête-à-Pierrot to finish it off, then sailed away.[7] The ship's rifles and machine guns were salvaged, along with the bodies of the crew that remained on board.[7]

Gallery

References

1. ^1 {{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=The Sinking of a Haitian Gunboat |day_of_week=Tues |date=9 September 1902 |page_number=3 |issue=36868 |column=A }}
2. ^1 2 {{cite journal|editor1-last=Neal|editor1-first=William George|title=Armed Cruiser for the Haytian Government|journal=The Marine Engineer|date=1 December 1895|volume=XXII|page=355|url=https://archive.org/stream/marineengineera08unkngoog/marineengineera08unkngoog_djvu.txt|accessdate=25 February 2015}}
3. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Hesketh-Prichard|first1=Hesketh Vernon|title=Where Black Rules White: A Journey Through and About Hayti|date=October 15, 2012|publisher=Wermod and Wermod Publishing Group|isbn=9780956183583|pages=77–84|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i3-TAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81}}
4. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Dubois|first1=Laurent|title=Haiti: The Aftershocks of History|date=January 3, 2012|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=9780805095623|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drU3HlesN5kC&pg=PT221}}
5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Matthew|title=Liberty, Fraternity, Exile: Haiti and Jamaica after Emancipation|date=October 20, 2014|publisher=UNC Press Books|isbn=9781469617985}}
6. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|title=Haiti: A Slave Revolution: 200 years after 1804|date=September 2004|publisher=International Action Center|isbn=978-0974752105|url=http://www.iacenter.org/haiti/flag.htm|accessdate=3 February 2015}}
7. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Killick Went Down with His Warship|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1902/09/11/118478751.pdf|format=pdf|accessdate=3 February 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 11, 1902}}
{{1902 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Crete-a-Pierrot}}

9 : 1895 ships|Ships built on the Humber|Ships of the Haitian Navy|Maritime incidents in 1902|Scuttled vessels|Ships sunk by non-combat internal explosions|Shipwrecks in the Caribbean Sea|1902 in Haiti|Military history of Haiti
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