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词条 Riprap
释义

  1. References

  2. External links

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Riprap, also known as rip rap, rip-rap, shot rock, rock armor or rubble, is rock or other material used to armor shorelines, streambeds, bridge abutments, pilings and other shoreline structures against scour and water or ice erosion. Common rock types used include granite and limestone. Concrete rubble from building and paving demolition is sometimes used.

Underwater, riprap caps submerged tunnels to protect against accidental anchor strikes or sinking debris.

References

  • Ciria-CUR (2007) - Rock Manual - The use of rock in hydraulic engineering.
  • N.W.H. Allsop (2002) - [https://www.google.com/books?id=0XtfQ_iW0_YC&pg=PA198&dq=%22rock+manual%22&sig=Md2PBRHD8-15d5phk0lD_4z69fY#PPP1,M1 Breakwaters, coastal structures and coastlines].
  • US Dept. of Transportation (2004) - Trail Construction and Maintenance Notebook

External links

  • Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources riprap guide
  • US Bureau of Reclamation publication on riprap for dam overtopping
  • Minnesota DNR
  • USGS Minerals Yearbook: Stone, Crushed
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4 : Building stone|Types of wall|Geotechnical engineering|Coastal construction

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