| 词条 | River Marden |
| 释义 |
| name = River Marden | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = River Marden01.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = The River Marden in the Wiltshire market town of Calne | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = United Kingdom | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Wiltshire | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | length = {{convert|7|mi|km|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = {{convert|3.9|cuft/s|m3/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{convert|43|cuft/s|m3/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_max = {{convert|1529|cuft/s|m3/s|abbr=on}} | source1 = Ranscombe Bottom | source1_location = Calstone Wellington, near Calne, Wiltshire | source1_coordinates= {{coord|51|24|56|N|2|0|48|W|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|328|ft|abbr=on}} | mouth = Bristol Avon | mouth_location = near Chippenham, Wiltshire | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|51|27|56|N|2|05|33|W|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|151|ft|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = Puddington Brook | tributaries_right = Rivers Brook, Abberd Brook, Fishers Brook, Cowage Brook | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The River Marden is a small tributary of the Bristol Avon river in England. It flows from the hills surrounding Calne and meets the River Avon about a mile upstream of Chippenham. The river has a mean flow of {{convert|43|cuft/s|m3/s}}. CourseThe Marden rises just north of the valley of Ranscombe Bottom near Calstone Wellington in Wiltshire.[1] It then flows in a north west direction through Blacklands Park and Quemerford, where it is joined on the right bank by the Rivers Brook. In Calne, the Abberd Brook joins it on the right and the river turns in a westerly direction and is joined by the overspill from Bowood Lake, part of the Bowood House estate on the left at Studleybrook Farm. The river is then joined by the combined Fishers and Cowage brooks before turning to the north-west, past the village of Stanley. {{convert|1.5|mi|km}} later it joins the Bristol Avon to the north east of Chippenham. HistoryThe Domesday survey of England in 1086 records four watermills on the Marden at Calne. In the 18th century four fulling mills are recorded and one of these, Upper Mill, became a paper mill in 1768 and continued in operation until 1860. Hassell's Mill at Studley remained in operation until 1960. The Wilts & Berks Canal, opened in 1810, paralleled the course of the Marden west of Calne. The canal was closed in 1914, following the collapse into the river of the Stanley aqueduct in 1901. Some traces of the canal survive.[1][2][3] HydrologyThe Environment Agency gauging station at Stanley has measured the mean flow of the river as {{convert|43|cuft/s|m3/s}}, with a maximum recorded flow of {{convert|1529|cuft/s|m3/s}} on 30 October 2000 and a minimum of {{convert|3.9|cuft/s|m3/s}} on 21 August 1976.[4] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcom.php?id=45|title=Calne Without|work=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|accessdate=2010-01-03|last=|first=}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Marden, River}}2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.gazettes-online.co.uk/issues/28854/pages/5962/page.pdf|title=Swindon Corporation (Wilts and Berks Canal Abandonment) Act, 1914|work=The London Gazette|date=31 July 1914|publisher=London Gazette|accessdate=2010-01-03}} 3. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.wbct.org.uk/history/brief-history-of-wilts-a-berks-canal |title = A Brief History of the Wilts & Berks Canal |publisher = Wilts and Berks Canal trust |accessdate = 2010-01-03 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717004625/http://www.wbct.org.uk/history/brief-history-of-wilts-a-berks-canal |archivedate = 2011-07-17 |df = }} 4. ^{{cite book|title=UK Hydrographic Register|editor=Marsh, Terry |editor2=Hannaford, Jamie|publisher=Centre for Ecology & Hydrology|location=Wallingford, Oxfordshire|year=2008|series=Hydrological data UK series|pages=128|isbn=978-0-9557672-2-7|url=http://www.ceh.ac.uk/products/publications/documents/HydrometricRegister_Final_WithCovers.pdf}} 2 : Rivers of Wiltshire|Bristol Avon catchment |
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