| 词条 | Harold Ray Watson |
| 释义 |
| name = Harold Ray Watson | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth-date and age|April 17, 1934}}[1] | birth_place = Brooklyn, Mississippi[1] | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = American | other_names = | occupation = Agronomist | known_for = Sloping Agricultural Land Technology, Ramon Magsaysay Award recipient }}Harold Ray Watson (born April 17, 1934) is a retired missionary and pioneer in the field of agronomy. He is world recognized for developing a method of cultivating denuded mountain slopes, and for encouraging utilization of the method to help the poorest, small scale, tropical farmers, specifically in the Philippines. He was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1985.[2] Early lifeWatson was born on a farm {{convert|14|miles|km}} from Hattiesburg, Mississippi, the second child and only son of Joseph Watson and Dorothy Mae Cagle. His father farmed cotton, corn and watermelon on {{convert|150|acre|hectare}} of sloping hillside land. His parents separated and his father worked at a government arsenal in Texas and later remarried, but his mother and the two children remained in Mississippi on the family farm.[3] Watson studied at McLaurin Elementary School and Forrest County Agricultural High School, graduating in 1952. He then served in the United States Air Force from 1952 to 1956. Following his discharge, he married his wife, Joyce,[1] then attended Hinds Junior College in Raymond, Mississippi, for one year, before transferring to Mississippi State University to gain an undergraduate degree in agriculture. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1959, and Master of Science degree in 1960.[4] Calling to Missionary workThe idea of becoming a missionary came to Watson whilst on active duty during the Korean war.[5]{{rp|120}} After graduating university in 1960, he spent a year at the Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in Fort Worth, Texas, and a further year teaching vocational agriculture at North Forrest High School in Eatonville, Mississippi, before applying for missionary work. He received an appointment as agricultural evangelist to the Philippines in May 1964.[1] From 1965 to 1970, Watson served at Southern Baptist College in M'Lang, Cotabato, on the island of Mindanao, as an agricultural consultant, and also worked with rural farmers and churches in the area. In 1971, Watson opened the Mindanao Baptist Rural Life Center, a training center for farmers, which integrates agricultural development with Bible teaching. He served as director for the center until his retirement in 1997.[1] Watson returned to the United States in November 1997, for final furlough until officially retiring on January 31, 1999. He presently resides in Terry, Mississippi.[1] SALTObserving that the steep slopes of the region made traditional farming impossible, Watson established a {{convert|50|acre|hectare}} site, on abandoned mountain farmland, to develop a system that would allow the Filipinos to better feed themselves. Over many years he was able to develop a method, called Sloping Agricultural Land Technology (SALT), that enabled farmers to produce food on badly eroded hillsides.[5]{{rp|120–121}} SALT has been adopted by a variety of countries [6] and relief organisation to battle hunger.[5]{{rp|121}} In 1998, he established the Asian Rural Life Development Foundation for the purpose of extending awareness of farming technologies, suitable for poor upland farmers, to other countries in Asia.[1] Honors[1]
Quotes{{quote|Soil erosion is an enemy to any nation - far worse than any outside enemy coming into a country and conquering it, because it is an enemy you cannot see vividly. It's a slow creeping enemy that soon possesses the land.[7]}}Dissertation
Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mississippi Legislature (1999) Senate Concurrent Resolution 603 Mississippi Legislature. Retrieved March 2015 2. ^{{cite web|author=Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation |url=http://www.rmaf.org.ph/newrmaf/main/awardees/awardee/profile/300 |title=Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation - Awardee Profile |publisher=Rmaf.org.ph |access-date=2014-04-22}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.designbluemanila.com/test/rmaf/main/awardees/awardee/biography/300 |title=Biography |publisher=designbluemanila.com |access-date=March 2015}} 4. ^Mississippi Legislature (1999) Senate Concurrent Resolution 603 Mississippi Legislature. Retrieved March 2015 5. ^1 2 Blackaby, H.T. & Blackaby, N.C. (2006) [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=r-nweo1ELp8C&lpg=PA119&ots=Ma2NPysNZ_&dq=%22Harold%20Ray%20Watson%22%20-wikipedia&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q=%22Harold%20Ray%20Watson%22%20-wikipedia&f=false Called and Accountable: Discovering Your Place in God's Eternal Purpose] New Hope Publishers. {{ISBN|159669047X}} Retrieved March 2015 6. ^Including Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Burma and many other Asian countries. 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sunstar.com.ph/weekend-davao/2013/09/14/cover-story-where-have-all-our-forests-gone-303279 |title=Where have all our forests gone? |publisher=sunstar.com.ph |date=September 2013 |accessdate=March 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/study-of-agricultural-education-in-foreign-lands-sponsored-by-various-religious-mission-boards/oclc/22485240 |title=World Cat Entry |publisher=worldcat.org |accessdate=March 2015}} References{{Reflist}}External links
8 : Living people|People from Forrest County, Mississippi|Baptist missionaries from the United States|American agronomists|1934 births|Baptist missionaries in the Philippines|American expatriates in the Philippines|Baptists from Mississippi |
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