| 词条 | Harold Smith (scientist) |
| 释义 |
| name = Harold C. Smith Jr. | image = Harold C Smith - 2010.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Dr Smith in 2010 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1954|02|05}} | birth_place = Münich, Germany | death_date = | signature_alt = | website = Academic website {{URL| www.haroldsmithlab.com}} Company Website {{URL| www.oyageninc.com}} | footnotes = | spouse = Jenny ML Smith | children = 3 }} Harold C. Smith Jr. (born February 5, 1954) is a scientist, researcher, professor, founder and CEO of OyaGen.[1][2] Smith has written over 100 publications on his research in RNA editing, AIDS, oncology, and immunodeficiency, among others. Early lifeHarold Smith was born in Germany to an Austrian mother and American father who was stationed in Austria with the military at the end of World War II.[3] In 6th grade, Smith and his family moved from Frankfurt, Germany to Massachusetts where he completed his high school education.[3] EducationSmith received his Bachelor of Arts in Biology in 1975 and his Master of Science in Veterinary Pharmacology and Physiology in 1978 at Purdue University.[4] He then went to the State University at Buffalo where he obtained his Masters of Arts in Molecular Biology in 1980 and his PhD in Molecular Biology in 1982.[4] He carried out postdoctoral studies at SUNY Buffalo and Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.[3][4] CareerAfter completing his postdoctoral position with Dr. Susan Berget at Baylor College of Medicine in Biochemistry in 1986, Smith became an assistant professor at the University of Rochester. Between 1991-1994, Smith discovered the molecular mechanism by which proteins recognize messenger RNA and participate in site-specific assembly of enzyme complexes to orchestrate the modification of select cytidines to uridines in a process known as C to U RNA Editing.[5] This work has served as the foundation for numerous findings concerning RNA sequence modifying mechanisms and DNA mutating mechanisms that determine cell and protein diversification and was cited for its groundbreaking ideas in an article written by L. Chan for Scientific American.[6] In 1992, he was given an associate professorship with a limited tenure, which became fully tenured in 1996. In that time, he was also the director of graduate studies in the Department of Pathology. In 1994, Smith organized an Albany Research Conference which was the first international meeting focused on RNA editing and in 1997, Smith organized and chaired the first Gordon Conference for RNA Editing.[3][5] From 1997-1998 he served as the director of Medical School Biochemistry in Cell Structure and Function, and subsequently as director of Molecules to Cells in the Double Helix Medical School Curriculum. In 2001, Smith became a full professor.[7] He received more than $8 million in total funding over the following 12 years from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other agencies.[7] Harold Smith founded OyaGen, Inc. in 2003.[8] OyaGen is a biopharmaceutical company which develops therapies to fight viral illness through editing enzymes, with a focus on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).[3][9] Founded with a seed fund by the University of Rochester and the Trillium Group, Smith has successfully brought in $6.5 million in Angel investment and $2.1 million in total federal grant support for OyaGen.[18] In 2005, the company began preclinical trials on a drug that OyaGen believes will protect the body's natural A3G, which functions as an editing enzyme in mutating HIV DNA during its replication in such a way that the virus can no longer code for itself.[10] In 2008, he edited a book for Wiley and Sons on RNA and DNA Editing that brought together the next generation of scientists working in the field to comment on their work and the future of the field.[11] That same year, Smith, through the University of Rochester Medical Center, received a $100 thousand grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to aid in research for curing infectious diseases, such as HIV.[12] The New York State Common Retirement Fund invested in OyaGen in 2006 and again in 2010.[13] In February 2013, Cannabis Science, Inc. added Smith to its scientific advisory board.[14] He was added to IGXBio's Scientific Advisory Board in 2014, as well as the Education Board at the American Health Council in August 2016.[15][16] He continues as a professor at the University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, teaching biochemistry and biophysics.[4] Throughout his academic career, Smith has provided his expertise in reviewing grant proposals for the NIH as well as European and Israeli funding agencies. Selected publications
Personal lifeSmith met his wife, Jenny, during his sophomore year at Purdue. They have three children, Owen, Hanna and Sam.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}} References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.genengnews.com/gen-articles/hiv-researchers-seek-a-potential-cure/4997/|title=HIV Researchers Seek a Potential Cure|author=Gail Dutton|work=Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News|date=1 October 2013|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://issuu.com/aumagazine/docs/february_digital?e=6987798/6805843|title=The Deeper End of the Ocean: Host restrictive factors create research excitement|author1=David Miller|author2=Mariel Selbovitz|work=A&U: America's Aids Magazine|date=February 2014|issue=232|volume=23|page=52|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://bendegeorge.wordpress.com/2007/03/11/dr-harold-c-smith/|title=Dr. Harold C. Smith: A Life of Discovery|date=11 March 2007|accessdate=1 June 2014}}{{Self-published source|date=June 2014}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/people/20864972-harold-c-smith/researchers|title=Harold C. Smith, Ph.D.|work=University of Rochester Medical Center|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.grc.org/programs.aspx?year=1997&program=rnaedit|title=RNA Editing|work=Gordon Research Conferences|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 6. ^{{cite journal|title=Apolipoprotein B Messenger RNA editing: An Update|department=Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030|date=22 May 1994|publication-date=15 October 1994|author=L Chan|work=Biochimic|issue=195|volume=77|pages=75–78}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rbj.net/article.asp?aID=135499|title=Biotech researcher works to crack secrets of editing|author=Smriti Jacob|work=Rochester Business Journal|date=19 July 2002|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oyageninc.com/investors|title=Oyagen Inc. Corporate Summary|work=OyaGen|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oyageninc.com/news/news-urinvests|title=UR Invests in Anti-HIV Startup|author=Michael Wentzel|work=Rochester Democrat & Chronicle|date=12 January 2004|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oyageninc.com/news/news-oyagen-blazing-path|title=OyaGen blazing path toward anti-AIDS drug|author=Nishad Majmudar|work=Rochester Democrat & Chronicle|date=1 September 2005|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470109912.html|title=RNA and DNA Editing: Molecular Mechanisms and Their Integration into Biological Systems|author=Harold C. Smith|work=Wiley|date=February 2008|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index.cfm?id=2241|title=University of Rochester Medical Center Receives $100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations Grant for Innovative Global Health|work=University of Rochester Medical Center|date=22 October 2008|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oyageninc.com/news/news-pension-fund-1|title=State pension fund invests in Henrietta biotech firm|author=Matthew Daneman|work=Rochester Democrat & Chronicle|date=25 September 2010|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.cannabisscience.com/index.php/news-media/news-releases/314-cannabis-science-inc-appoints-harold-c-smith-ph-d-professor-in-biochemistry-biophysics-and-oncology-and-a-member-of-the-center-for-rna-biology-at-the-university-of-rochester-school-of-dentistry-and-medicine-to-the-company-s-scientific-advisory-board|title=Cannabis Science, Inc. Appoints Harold C. Smith, Ph.D., Professor in Biochemistry, Biophysics and Oncology and a Member of the Center for RNA Biology at the University of Rochester, School of Dentistry and Medicine, to Company's Scientific Advisory Board|work=Cannabis Science|date=12 February 2013|accessdate=1 June 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501082537/http://www.cannabisscience.com/index.php/news-media/news-releases/314-cannabis-science-inc-appoints-harold-c-smith-ph-d-professor-in-biochemistry-biophysics-and-oncology-and-a-member-of-the-center-for-rna-biology-at-the-university-of-rochester-school-of-dentistry-and-medicine-to-the-company-s-scientific-advisory-board|archivedate=1 May 2013|df=}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://igxbio.com/about/|title=Scientific Advisory Board|work=IGXBio|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 16. ^{{Cite news|url=https://globenewswire.com/news-release/2016/08/10/863279/0/en/American-Health-Council-Names-Dr-Harold-Smith-Ph-D-to-Education-Board.html|title=American Health Council Names Dr. Harold Smith, Ph.D. to Education Board|last=|first=|date=|work=GlobeNewswire News Room|access-date=2017-05-10|language=en-US}} External links
5 : Purdue University alumni|University at Buffalo alumni|HIV/AIDS researchers|1954 births|Living people |
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