| 词条 | Hashem Shabani |
| 释义 |
| name = Hashem Shabani | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = 27 January 2014 (age 32) | death_place = Undisclosed prison in Iran | death_cause = Execution by hanging | nationality = Iranian | other_names = Hashem Shabaninejad | known_for = | occupation = Teacher, poet, activist }} Hashem Shabani ({{lang-ar| هاشم شعباني}} died 27 January 2014), also known as Hashem Shabaninejad, was an ethnic Ahwazi Arab citizen of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was a high school teacher of Arabic language and literature, a poet in both Arabic and Persian, and an activist who promoted Arabic culture and literature in Iran. In February 2011, government authorities arrested Shabani and four other Ahwazis. In December 2011, a programme aired on Iran's Press TV in which Shabani and two other Ahwazi Arabs confessed to being part of an armed Arab terrorist group. Human rights groups say these confessions were coerced under torture. In July 2012, Shabani and the four others arrested with him were sentenced to death on charges of Moharebeh ("waging war on God"), sowing corruption on earth, acting against national security, and spreading propaganda against the Islamic Republic. The Iranian Supreme Court upheld the death sentences in January 2013, and on 27 January 2014, Shabani was executed along with fellow Ahwazi Arab Hadi Rashedi. BioPrior to his arrest, Shabani resided in Ramshir (known in Arabic as Khalafabad) in Iran's Khuzestan Province with his wife and one child. He worked as a teacher of Arabic language and literature in a local high school. He was also known as a poet in Arabic and Persian, and founded the Dialogue Institute,[1] which promoted Arabic culture and literature in Iran.[2] He held a bachelor's degree in Arabic language literature and education and a master's degree in political science from Ahwaz University.[1] ArrestIn February 2011, Shabani was arrested along with four others Iranian Arabs - Hadi Rashedi, Mohammad-Ali Amouri, and brothers Mokhtar Alboshokeh and Jaber Alboshokeh. Their arrests were considered part of a broader government crackdown at the time against Iran's Arab minority.[3] According to Amnesty International, these individuals were detained "apparently in connection with their cultural activities, such as organizing events in the Arabic language, conferences, educational courses, art classes, and poetry recital gatherings."[4] Televised confessionOn December 13, 2011, Press TV, the English-language network of the government-run Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, broadcast a "documentary" featuring Shabani, Rashedi, and another Arab man, Taha Heidarian. In the program, Shabani and Rashedi confessed "to being part of an armed Arab terrorist group called the Al-Moqawama al-Shaabiya ('People’s Movement'), which was responsible for shooting at four government employees." Press TV said that the United States and the United Kingdom support this terrorist group.[5] Human rights groups maintain that the confessions "were coerced under duress and torture during their detention at a local Intelligence Ministry facility, and that they denied the charges against them in court."[5] Reported examples of torture are a broken pelvic bone suffered by Rashedi, and that Shabani's feet were placed in boiling water to make him confess.[6] Death sentenceOn 7 July 2012,[4] a Revolutionary Court sentenced Shabani and the four other Arabs arrested in February 2011 to death on charges of Moharebeh ("waging war on God"), as well as "sowing corruption on earth, propaganda against the Islamic Republic and acting against national security."[7] Amnesty International said that the confessions of Shabani and Rashedi that aired on Press TV were "in violation of international standards for fair trial." In January 2013, the Iranian Supreme Court upheld their death sentences.[4] ExecutionOn 29 January 2014, reports emerged that Shabani and Rashedi had been executed. In violation of Iran's own legal regulations, authorities had executed the two men without first notifying their families or attorneys.[7] The hangings reportedly took place on January 27 in an undisclosed prison after Iranian President Hassan Rouhani approved the sentences.[2] References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.ahwazstudies.org/en/Article.aspx?aid=532 |title=Hashem Shaabani reveals falsity [of] accusations that led him to the death penalty |date= |publisher=Ahwaz Studies Center }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shabani, Hashem}}2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.freedomhouse.org/article/iranian-execution-poet-further-darkens-iran-s-human-rights-record#.UvbziYWgTuw |title=Iranian Execution of Poet Further Darkens Iran’s Human Rights Record |date=5 February 2014 |publisher=Freedom House }} 3. ^{{cite news |date=19 July 2012 |title=Iran steps up crackdown against its Arab minority |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/iran-blog/2012/jul/19/iran-steps-up-crackdown-arab-minority |newspaper=The Guardian}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde13/005/2014/en/ |title=Iran: End human rights violations against Iran’s Ahwazi Arab minority |date=16 January 2014 |publisher=Amnesty International }} 5. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/07/11/iran-prevent-execution-arab-activists |title=Iran: Halt Execution of Arab Activists |date=11 July 2012 |publisher=Human Rights Watch}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.iranhumanrights.org/2013/02/khuzistan_activists/ |title=Ahvazi Men Confessed Under Torture; No Evidence Supports Charges, Family Says |date=9 February 2013 |publisher=International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran }} 7. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.iranhrdc.org/english/news/press-statements/1000000428-iri-executes-two-ahwazi-arab-men.html#.UvejYIWgTuw |title=IRI Executes Two Ahwazi Arab Men |date=31 January 2014 |publisher=Iran Human Rights Documentation Center }} 8 : 1980s births|Iranian torture victims|21st-century executions by Iran|People executed by Iran by hanging|2014 deaths|Ahwazi Arabs|People from Khuzestan Province|2014 in Iran |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。