| 词条 | Hassan Alavikia |
| 释义 |
| name = Hassan Alavikia | image = General Hassan Alavikia.jpg | birth_date = {{Birth date|1910|12|01|df=y}} | birth_place = Hamedan, Iran | death_date = {{Death date and age|2013|4|20|1910|12|1|df=y}} | death_place = La Jolla, California, U.S. | spouse = Jila Pourrastegar (1956–2013, his death) | alma_mater = University of Tehran Harvard University | occupation = Intelligence officer, businessman | children = 3{{Infobox military person| embed = yes | allegiance = Iran | branch = Imperial Iranian Army SAVAK | serviceyears = 1932–1967 | rank = Lieutenant General | unit = | commands = | battles = | awards = | otherwork = }} }}Hassan Alavikia ({{lang-fa|حسن علویکیا}}, [hæsæn ælævikiːɒː]; 1 December 1910 – 20 April 2013) was a prominent general and businessman in the Pahlavi pre-revolutionary government of Iran. Along with Teymur Bakhtiar and Hassan Pakravan, he was a co-founder of the SAVAK.[1][2] Early lifeHassan Alavikia was born on 1 December 1910 in Hamedan, Iran, the son of Abu Torab Alavikia, a wealthy land owner. He completed his primary and secondary education at the Lycée St. Louis in Isfahan and Tehran. In 1932, he entered Tehran Military Academy, from which he graduated as a lieutenant in 1934. He continued his academic education at the University of Tehran and Harvard University, graduating with degrees in judicial law and philosophy.[3] He spoke fluent Persian, French, English, and German. Political LifeHe served in the Iranian Army as Deputy Director of the Intelligence Department of the Army (1949-1951). In 1956, he left the Second Division, and became the first Deputy Director of the SAVAK (1956-1962) with General Teymur Bakhtiar as its first Director.[2][4][5][6][7][8] In 1962, he was appointed as head of the European Operations Division of the SAVAK (1962-1967) by the Shah,[9][10] which at the time was headquartered in Cologne, Germany. He retired from the military in 1967,[11][12] and continued his professional career with the establishment of several successful businesses in the both the agricultural and real estate industry. Later YearsIn January 1979, he and his wife left Iran to visit their daughters in Paris, France where they were studying; however, due to the turmoil and start of the Islamic revolution, they were unable to return to Iran. He spent the remainder of his life in exile in Paris, France, Gstaad, Switzerland, and Del Mar, California, where his three daughters and their families resided.[5] FamilyOn 6 December 1956, General Alavikia married Jila Pourrastegar, the daughter of Hossein Pourrastegar, a well-known Colonel in the Persian Cossack Brigade under Reza Shah Pahlavi. DeathHe died on 20 April 2013 in La Jolla, California, surrounded by his wife, three children, and five grandchildren. References1. ^{{cite book|last=Nima|first=Ramy|title=The Wrath of Allah: Islamic Revolution and Reaction in Iran|year=1983|publisher=Pluto Press|isbn=0861047338|page=36}} {{SAVAK}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Alavikia, Hassan}}2. ^1 {{cite book|last=Milani|first=Abbas|title=Eminent Persians: The Men and Women Who Made Modern Iran, 1941-1979|year=2008|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=0815609078}} 3. ^Kayhan London "سرتیپ علوی کیا درگذشت", Kayhan London, London, 2–8 May 2013. Retrieved on 13 May 2013. 4. ^{{cite book|last=Ladjevardi|first=Habib|title=Reference Guide to the Iranian Oral History Collection|year=1988|publisher=Harvard University, Center for Middle Eastern Studies, Iranian Oral History Project|isbn=0932885047}} 5. ^1 Ladjevardi, Habib. "Hassan Alavi-Kia. Interview recorded by Habib Ladjevardi, 1 March 1983, Paris, France. Iranian Oral History Collection, Harvard University.", Harvard University, Paris, France, 1 March 1983. 6. ^{{cite book|last=Milani|first=Abbas|title=The Shah|year=2011|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=0230115624|page=122}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Afkhami|first=Gholam Reza|title=The Life and Times of the Shah|year=2008|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=0520942167|pages=381–382}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Blake|first=Kristen|title=The U.S.-Soviet Confrontation in Iran, 1945-1962: A Case in the Annals of the Cold War|year=2009|publisher=University Press of America|isbn=0761844953|page=107}} 9. ^Ghanei Fard, Erfan. "داستان ساواک و 'ژنرال' حسن علوی کیا", BBC, London, 8 May 2013. Retrieved on 20 May 2013. 10. ^{{cite web|last=E'temad|first=Akbar|title=Alavi-Kiya, General Hasan|url=http://www.fis-iran.org/en/oralhistory/Alavi-Kiya-General-Hasan|publisher=Foundation for Iranian Studies|accessdate=5 June 2013|date=May 1983}} 11. ^Ghanei Fard, Erfan. "ناگفته هايي از ساواك", Kurd Tabnak, Washington D.C., 28 April 2013. Retrieved on 20 May 2013. 12. ^{{cite web|title=Reading the Shah, and Ayatollahs in Tehran and What the U.S. Should Learn from the History|url=http://omidmemarian.com/2011/01/24/interview_abbas_milani/|publisher=Omid Memarian|accessdate=3 June 2013|date=24 January 2011}} 12 : 2013 deaths|1912 births|People from Hamadan|Iranian centenarians|Iranian emigrants to the United States|Iranian emigrants to France|Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in France|Exiles of the Iranian Revolution in the United States|People of SAVAK|Imperial Iranian Army personnel|University of Tehran alumni|Harvard University alumni |
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