| 词条 | 1960 New Zealand general election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election name = 1960 New Zealand general election | country = New Zealand | flag_year = 1960 | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1957 New Zealand general election | previous_year = 1957 | previous_members = 32nd New Zealand Parliament | next_election = 1963 New Zealand general election | next_year = 1963 | next_members = 34th New Zealand Parliament | seats_for_election = All 80 seats in the New Zealand Parliament 41 seats were needed for a majority | election_date = {{Start date|1960|11|26|df=y}} | elected_mps = elected members | turnout = 1,170,503 (89.8%) | image1 = | leader1 = Keith Holyoake | leader_since1 = 13 August 1957 | party1 = New Zealand National Party | leaders_seat1 = Pahiatua | last_election1 = 39 seats, 44.2% | seats1 = 46 | seat_change1 = {{increase}} 7 | popular_vote1 = 557,046 | percentage1 = 47.6% | swing1 = {{increase}} 3.4% | image2 = | leader2 = Walter Nash | leader_since2 = 17 January 1951 | party2 = New Zealand Labour Party | leaders_seat2 = Hutt | last_election2 = 41 seats, 48.3% | seats2 = 34 | seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 7 | popular_vote2 = 508,179 | percentage2 = 43.4% | swing2 = {{decrease}} 4.9% | title = Prime Minister | before_election = Walter Nash | after_election = Keith Holyoake | before_party = New Zealand Labour Party | after_party = New Zealand National Party }} The 1960 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 33rd term. It saw the governing Labour Party defeated by the National Party, putting an end to the short second Labour government. BackgroundThe Labour Party had won the 1957 election by a narrow margin, beginning New Zealand's second period of Labour government. However, the new administration soon lost its narrow lead in public opinion, with its financial policies being the principal cause of dissatisfaction. The so-called "Black Budget", introduced by Arnold Nordmeyer, increased taxes substantially, with particularly large increases for alcohol and tobacco taxes; Labour became widely seen as both miserly and puritanical. The government defended its tax increases as a necessary measure to avert a balance of payments crisis, but the opposition, led by Keith Holyoake, made substantial gains out of the issue. The electionThe date for the main 1960 election was 26 November. 1,310,742 people were registered to vote, and turnout was 89.8%. This turnout was slightly lower than what had been recorded in the previous elections. The number of seats being contested was 80, a number which had been fixed since 1902. ResultsThe 1960 election saw the governing Labour Party defeated by a twelve-seat margin, having previously held a two-seat majority. National won a total of 46 seats to Labour's 34 seats, and formed the second National government.{{sfn|Wilson |1985 |p=288}} In the popular vote, National won 47.59% to Labour's 43.42%.{{sfn|Wilson |1985 |p=290}} The Social Credit Party won 8.62% of the vote, but no seats.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|pp=288, 290}} Three of their candidates missed the nomination deadline, and the opening address of the party leader P. H. Matthews was not noteworthy. Three new National members of parliament were called the Young Turks: Peter Gordon, Duncan MacIntyre and Robert Muldoon.[1] The other new National MPs were Esme Tombleson, Bill Brown, Harry Lapwood, Logan Sloane, Bert Walker, and Dan Riddiford.{{sfn|Gustafson|1986|p=85}} Paddy Blanchfield, Ron Bailey, Norman Douglas and George Spooner entered parliament for Labour.
Votes summary{{bar box| title=Popular Vote | titlebar=#ddd | width=600px | barwidth=410px | bars={{bar percent|National|{{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}}|47.60}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color}}|43.40}}{{bar percent|Social Credit|{{Social Credit Party (New Zealand)/meta/color}}|8.60}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.40}} }}{{bar box | title=Parliament seats | titlebar=#ddd | width=600px | barwidth=410px | bars={{bar percent|National|{{New Zealand National Party/meta/color}}|57.50}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color}}|42.50}} }}{{1960 New Zealand general election}} Bibliography
Notes1. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=195166 |title=Obituary: Duncan MacIntyre|work=The New Zealand Herald|date=16 June 2001|accessdate=16 May 2010}} References
1 : 1960 New Zealand general election |
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