“Robert Dover (Cotswold Games)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

He was probably born between 1575 and 1582 in Norfolk,^[2] one of four children sired by a John Dover, but as the parish registers in Great Ellingham did not begin until 1630 it is impossible to be certain. Dover was a scholar at the University of Cambridge in 1595,^[2] possibly as a sizar at Queens' College:^[3] during his time at Cambridge the "Gog Magog Games" were held on the Gog Magog Hills outside Cambridge,^[4] although it is not known whether these were already being termed "Olympik" as was the case by 1620.^[2]^[5] Dover left university early to avoid swearing the Oath of Supremacy, and a Robert Dover was among those questioned by Lord Burghley's officers looking for recusants in Norfolk.^[6] On 27 February 1605 Dover was admitted to Gray's Inn, and was probably called to the bar in 1611.^[7] Dover was known as a wit, and author of a lost poem The Wandering Jew: according to Peter Heylin, a pageant put on at Gray's Inn.^[6] In 1611 he moved to Saintbury, near Chipping Campden.^[6] After the inauguration of the Games, he obtained patronage from neighbour Endymion Porter, a well-connected courtier, who arranged for Dover to receive a cast-off set of royal garments to wear while presiding.^[12] Later in life he moved to Barton-on-the-Heath.^[12]

Dover founded his annual Games held in the Cotwsold hills above Chipping Campden in about 1612,^[2] and presided over them for forty years.^[8] A mixture of courtly and folk events, the Cotswold Olimpicks were so named in Annalia Dubrensia, one of a series of literary celebrations of the events.^[9] The games consisted of cudgel-playing, wrestling, running at the quintain, jumping, casting the bar and hammer, hand-ball, gymnastics, rural dances and games and horse-racing, the winners in which received valuable prizes.^[1] The Games were interrupted by the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642.^[10] Revived after the Restoration, the Games continued until 1852, and were again revived in 1965.

In 1610 Dover married Sibilla Sanford, daughter of William Cole, Dean of Lincoln^[11] and widow of John Sanford of Stow on the Wold;^[12] they had two sons (Robert, died in infancy, and John, 1614–1696) and two daughters (Sibella and Abigail).^[13]^[14] Robert Dover was buried at Barton on 24 July 1652^[15](the date of 6 June 1641 appears to be a mistake^[16]).

References

1. ^¹{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Dover, Robert |volume=8 |page=453}}
2. ^¹²{{cite book | title=Advanced PE for Edexcel | first=Frank | last=Galligan | publisher=Heinemann | year=2000 | isbn=0-435-50643-9 | page=59 }}
3. ^{{acad|DVR595R|Robert Dover}} (one of three entries under the name "Robert Dover")
4. ^{{cite book | title=Cambridgeshire customs and folklore: with Fenland material provided | first=Enid | last=Porter | publisher=Taylor & Francis | year=1969 | isbn=0-7100-6201-X | page=186}}
5. ^{{cite book | title=College life in the time of James the first, as illustrated by an unpublished diary of Sir Symonds D'Ewes | first=J.H. | last=Marsden | publisher=John W. Parker | year= 1851 | page=110}}
6. ^¹²³{{Cite journal |last=Williams |first=Jean |title=The Curious Mystery of the Cotswold 'Olimpick' Games: Did Shakespeare Know Dover ... and Does it Matter? |journal=Sport in History |url=http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/section?content=a911014362&fulltext=713240928 | doi=10.1080/17460260902872602 |publisher=Routledge |year=2009 |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=150–170}} {{inconsistent citations}}
7. ^{{Cite web |last=Burns |first=F. D. A. |contribution=Dover, Robert (1581/2–1652)|title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |year=2004 |edition=online |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7954 |accessdate=29 June 2010}} {{subscription required}} {{inconsistent citations}}
8. ^{{cite book | title=A biographical history of England: from Egbert the Great to the revolution: consisting of characters disposed in different classes, and adapted to a methodical catalogue of engraved British heads: intended as an essay towards reducing our biography to system, and a help to the knowledge of portraits: interspersed with a variety of anecdotes, and memoirs of a great number of persons | first=James | last=Granger | authorlink = James Granger | edition=5th | publisher=W. Baynes and Son | year=1824 | page=240}}
9. ^{{cite book | title=The Olympic games explained: a student guide to the evolution of the modern Olympic games | series=Student sport studies | first1=Vassil | last1=Girginov | first2=Jim | last2=Parry | publisher=Routledge | year=2005 | isbn=0-415-34604-5 | page=37}}
10. ^{{Cite book |last=Haddon |first=Celia |title=The First Ever English Olimpick Games |year=2004 |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |isbn=0-340-86274-2 | page=152 |postscript={{inconsistent citations}}}}
11. ^¹²{{cite book | title=Who's Who in Shakespeare's England | first1=Alan Warwick | last1=Palmer | first2=Veronica | last2=Palmer | publisher=Palgrave Macmillan | year=1999 | isbn=0-312-22086-3 | page=68 }}
12. ^{{cite book | title=A history of Chipping Campden: and Captain Dover's Olympick Games | first=Christopher | last=Whitfield | publisher=Shakespeare Head Press | year=1958 | page=93 }}
13. ^{{cite book | title=The quicksilver doctor: the life and times of Thomas Dover, physician and adventurer | first=Kenneth | last=Dewhurst | publisher=Wright | year=1957 | pages=5–6 }}
14. ^{{cite journal | journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine | year=1913 | volume=6(Sect Hist Med) | pages= 233–237 | title=Further Notes on Thomas Dover| first=J. A. | last=Nixon }}
15. ^{{cite book | title=Bristol privateers and ships of war | first=John Williams Damer | last=Powell | publisher=J. W. Arrowsmith | year=1930 | page=130 }}
16. ^{{cite journal | title=Thomas Dover, Physician and Cirumnavigator | journal=British Medical Journal | date=22 March 1913 | page=619 }}
17. ^{{cite book |first=David |last=Verey |contribution=Gloucestershire: The Cotswolds |title=The Buildings of England |editor-first=Nikolaus |editor-last=Pevsner |edition=2 |year=1979 |isbn=0-14-071040-X |page=92}}