| 词条 | Robert Downey Sr. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Robert Downey Sr. | image = | birth_name = Robert Elias Jr. | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1936|6|24}}[1] | birth_place = New York City, New York, U.S.[1] | residence = New York City, New York, U.S. | spouse = {{marriage|Elsie Ann Ford |1962|1975|reason=div.}}[2] {{marriage|Laura Ernst |1991|1994|reason=died}} {{marriage|Rosemary Rogers |1998}} | children = 2: Allyson Downey,[3][4] Robert Downey Jr. | occupation = Actor, director, producer, writer, cinematographer | years_active = 1953–2013 | notable_works = Putney Swope }}Robert John Downey Sr. (born Robert Elias Jr.; June 24, 1936) is a retired American actor, director, producer, writer and cinematographer and the father of actor Robert Downey Jr. He is best known for writing and directing the underground film Putney Swope, a satire on the New York Madison Avenue advertising world. According to film scholar Wheeler Winston Dixon, the elder Downey's films during the 1960s were "strictly take-no-prisoners affairs, with minimal budgets and outrageous satire, effectively pushing forward the countercultural agenda of the day."[5] Early lifeRobert John Downey Sr. was born on June 24, 1936, in New York City, the son of Elizabeth (née McLauchlen), a model and Robert Elias Sr., who worked in management of motels and restaurants.[1] His paternal grandparents were Lithuanian Jews,[6] while his mother was half Scot, half Irish.[7][8][9] The elder Downey was born Robert Elias Jr., but he later changed his surname for his stepfather, James Downey, when he wanted to enlist in the U.S. Army, but was underage at the time.[10][11] CareerRobert Downey Sr. initially made his mark creating basement budget, independent films aligning with the Absurdist movement, coming of age in counterculture anti-establishment 1960s America. His work in the late 1960s and 70s was quintessential anti-establishment, reflecting the nonconformity popularized by larger counterculture movements and given impetus by new freedoms in filmmaking, such as the breakdown of Codes on censorship. In keeping with the underground tradition, his 1960s films were independently made on shoestring budgets and were relatively obscure in the Absurdist movement, finding cult notoriety. In 1961, working with the film editor Fred von Bernewitz, he began writing and directing low-budget 16mm films that gained an underground following, beginning with Ball's Bluff (1961), a fantasy short about a Civil War soldier who awakens in Central Park in 1961. He moved into big-budget filmmaking with the surrealistic Greaser's Palace (1972).[12] His most recent film was Rittenhouse Square (2005), a documentary capturing life in a Philadelphia park.[13] Downey's films were often family affairs. His first wife, Elsie, appears in four of his movies (Chafed Elbows, Pound, Greaser's Palace, Moment to Moment), as well as co-writing one (Moment to Moment). Daughter Allyson and son Robert Jr. each made their film debuts in the 1970 absurdist comedy Pound at the ages of 7 and 5, respectively; Allyson would appear in one more film by her father, Up the Academy. Robert Jr.'s lengthy acting résumé includes appearances in eight films directed by his father (Pound, Greaser's Palace, Moment to Moment, Up the Academy, America, Rented Lips, Too Much Sun, Hugo Pool), as well as two acting appearances in movies where his father was also an actor (Johnny Be Good, Hail Caesar). Personal lifeDowney has been married three times. His first marriage was to actress Elsie Ann Downey (née Ford), with whom he had two children: actress-writer Allyson Downey and actor Robert Downey Jr. The marriage ended in divorce in 1978. His second marriage, to actress-writer Laura Ernst, ended with her 1994 death from Lou Gehrig's disease. In 1998 he married his third wife, Rosemary Rogers, author of Random House bestseller, Saints Preserve Us! and seven other books. They live in New York City.[14] Filmography
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=AMJ1gPGGRzIC&pg=PA131 |title=Film Voices |work= google.ca}} 2. ^{{cite news|last1=Finn|first1=Natalie|title=Robert Downey Jr.'s Mother Dies: Read His Moving, Candid Tribute to Elsie Ann Downey|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/583342/robert-downey-jr-s-mother-dies-read-his-moving-candid-tribute-to-elsie-ann-downey|accessdate=April 16, 2015|work=E! Online|date=September 26, 2014}} 3. ^'About Allyson Downey' on her own website 4. ^[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0235969 Allyson Downey at IMDB] 5. ^Wheeler Winston Dixon, Rutgers University Press, Jul 11, 2007, [https://books.google.com/books?id=bgXQ7qaC7nYC&pg=PR4&lpg=PR4&dq=%22Film+Talk%22+%22Directors+at+Work%22+Dixon&source=bl&ots=KVaukJA15u&sig=2llGTqV07-fY-8TbLNT2e8MozVc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=EkVhVMfrA7X9sATPtIKoBA&ved=0CD0Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=%22Film%20Talk%22%20%22Directors%20at%20Work%22%20Dixon&f=false Film Talk: Directors at Work], Retrieved November 10, 2014 (see page xi Introduction paragraph 3), {{ISBN|978-0-8135-4077-1}} 6. ^{{cite web|first=Nate|last=Bloom|url=https://www.jweekly.com/2012/04/12/celebrity-jews-maggie-gyllenhaal-barbara-walters-larry-david-ben-stiller-mo/|title=Celebrity Jews: Maggie Gyllenhaal, Barbara Walters, Larry David, Ben Stiller & more|work=J. The Jewish News of Northern California|date=April 12, 2012|accessdate=May 10, 2018}} 7. ^{{cite news |author=Daisy Fried |title=Senior Class |url=http://www.citypaper.net/articles/042497/article017.shtml |work=Philadelphia City Paper |date=May 1, 1997 |accessdate=June 17, 2008}} 8. ^{{cite web|first=Erik|last=Hedegaard|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/news/to-hell-and-back-with-robert-downey-jr-20080821|title=To Hell and Back With Robert Downey Jr.|work=Rolling Stone|date=August 21, 2008|accessdate=May 10, 2018}} 9. ^{{cite news |author=Jamie Diamond |title=Robert Downey Jr. Is Chaplin (on Screen) and a Child (Off) |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE2DB1039F933A15751C1A964958260 |work=The New York Times |date= December 20, 1992|accessdate=June 17, 2008}} 10. ^{{cite news | last = Diamond | first = Jamie. | title = FILM; Robert Downey Jr. Is Chaplin (on Screen) and a Child (Off) | url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE2DB1039F933A15751C1A964958260 | work = The New York Times | date = December 20, 1992}} 11. ^{{cite news | last = Fulton| first = Rick | title = Robert Downey Jr: I don't even know what it's like to be stoned any more | url = http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/entertainment/celebrity/robert-downey-jr-i-dont-even-1073895| work = Daily Record | date = October 27, 2010}} 12. ^{{cite news |author=Vincent Canby |title=Review: Greaser's Palace |url=http://movies2.nytimes.com/mem/movies/review.html?title1=&title2=Greaser%27s%20Palace%20%28Movie%29&reviewer=VINCENT%20CANBY&pdate=19720801 |work=The New York Times |date= |accessdate=June 17, 2008}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Rittenhouse Square (2005) IMDB|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0473254/|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=10 October 2014}} 14. ^{{cite news | url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9906E3D61331F933A25756C0A96E958260&sec=&spon= | title = Rosemary Rogers, Robert Downey| work =The New York Times |author= |accessdate=August 1, 2008 | date = May 10, 1998}} External links
11 : 1935 births|Living people|20th-century American male actors|21st-century American male actors|American film directors|American male film actors|American male television actors|American people of Irish descent|American people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent|Male actors from New York (state)|American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent |
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