| 词条 | Helianthus decapetalus |
| 释义 |
| image = Helianthus decapetalus - Thinleaf Sunflower.jpg | image_caption=Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historic Park, Washington, D.C. | status= LC | status_system = iucn3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Plantae | unranked_divisio = Angiosperms | unranked_classis = Eudicots | unranked_ordo = Asterids | ordo = Asterales | familia = Asteraceae | genus = Helianthus | species = H. decapetalus | binomial = Helianthus decapetalus | binomial_authority = L. 1753 not Darl. 1837[2] }} Helianthus decapetalus, known by the common names thinleaf sunflower[3] and thin-leaved sunflower,[4] is a perennial forb in the sunflower family. It is native to the Eastern and Central United States and Canada, from New Brunswick west to Iowa, Wisconsin, and Ontario, south as far as Georgia and Louisiana.[5][6] It produces yellow composite flowers in late summer or early fall. The name decapetalus means "with ten petals", referring to the 8-12 ray florets on the flower heads, resembling petals. DescriptionThe smooth slender stem of H. decapetalus is 60 to 200 cm (2 to 7 ft) tall and branched near the top. The ovate or lanceolate leaves are borne on 2- to 5-cm-long petioles and have serrated edges. They are 7 to 21 cm long and 4 to 10 cm wide. It has three to 10 flowerheads; each flowerhead is composed of 21 to 50 disk florets, and eight to 12 ray florets, which are 2.0 to 2.5 cm long. The bracts are typically 11 to 16 mm long, surpassing the flower disk by at least half their length. The fruit are 3.5- to 5.0-mm-long cypselae with a pappus of two scales.[7][8][9] Distribution and habitatIn Virginia, it grows in habitats such as floodplain forests and riverbanks.[10] The presence of this species is dependent on appropriate habitat, and it may be eliminated from an area by development, changes in land use, or competition with invasive species. EcologyThe flowers attract many kinds of insects, including bees and butterflies, some of which, such as the painted lady and the silvery checkerspot, use the plant as a larval host. The seeds provide a source of food for birds.[11] Muskrats eat the leaves and stems and use the stems in the construction of their lodges.[9] References1. ^Rhodes, L., Contreras, A. & Maxted, N. 2016. Helianthus decapetalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T64989879A64990523. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T64989879A64990523.en. Downloaded on 03 October 2018. 2. ^The International Plant Names Index 3. ^{{PLANTS|id=HEDE|taxon=Helianthus decapetalus|accessdate=19 January 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 5. ^Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map 6. ^{{cite web|title=Plants Profile for Helianthus decapetalus (thinleaf sunflower)|url=http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=HEDE|accessdate=January 24, 2014}} USDA, NRCS. 2014. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. 7. ^Britton, Nathaniel Lord & Brown, Addison (1913). [https://books.google.com/books?id=t6nwAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22Helianthus%20decapetalus%22%20Britton&pg=PA484#v=onepage&q&f=false An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions: From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian, Volume 3.], p. 484. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 8. ^{{cite web|title=Helianthus decapetalus in Flora of North America @ efloras.org|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242416629|accessdate=February 15, 2014}} 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet (http://www.efloras.org). Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. 9. ^1 {{cite web|title=Helianthus decapetalus (thin-leaved sunflower): Go Botany|url=https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/helianthus/decapetalus/|accessdate=February 15, 2014}} Copyright © 2011-2013 New England Wild Flower Society (http://www.newenglandwild.org) 10. ^{{cite web|title=Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora | Helianthus decapetalus L.|url=http://vaplantatlas.org/index.php?do=plant&plant=2134|accessdate=January 24, 2014}} Virginia Botanical Associates. (2014). Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora (http://www.vaplantatlas.org). c/o Virginia Botanical Associates, Blacksburg. 11. ^{{cite web|title=Ten-Petal Sunflower (Helianthus decapetalus)|url=http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/savanna/plants/tp_sunflower.htm|accessdate=January 24, 2014}} Copyright © 2002-2012 Dr. John Hilty. Illinois Wildflowers (http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info) External links
3 : Helianthus|Flora of North America|Plants described in 1753 |
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