“Hennadiy Kernes”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Hennadiy Adolfovych Kernes ({{lang-uk|Геннадій Адольфович Кернес}}, {{lang-ru|Генна́дий Адо́льфович Ке́рнес}}, {{lang-yi|געננאַדיי אַדאָלפאָוויטש קערנעס}}; born 27 June 1959^[1]) is a Ukrainian politician who has been the Mayor of Kharkiv since 2010.

Early life

Kernes was born into a Jewish family, to Adolf Lazarevych Kernes and Anna Abramovna in Kharkiv. He graduated from the National University "Yaroslav the Wise Law Academy of Ukraine" with a degree in jurisprudence and from Kharkiv National University of Economics with a degree in state management.^[2] Between 1977 and 1979 Kernes studied in CTC-14 in Kharkiv and specialised in draftsman-designer on mechanics.^[2]

Business career

From 1979 to 1990, Kernes worked for a number of enterprises.^[2] According to his official biography his career began in 1977.^[1] Kernes managed the production and trading company Acceptor from 1992 to 1994.^[2] He then became the chairman at CJSC NPK-Holding until 1999. Kernes was then first deputy director of the Kharkiv branch of the Trading House Gas of Ukraine till 2001.^[2] He then became CEO at NPK-Holding till 2006.^[1]

Kernes has a criminal record for theft and fraud; according to him the accusations were "partly fabricated" by "his enemies".^[2]^[3]

In 1986 he was charged but not prosecuted. In August 1992 Kernes was sentenced by the Kharkiv Regional Court to three years in a penal colony; but the court released him from custody, taking into account that Kernes was held in jail during the criminal investigation that had lasted more than two years. He has been described as a "mini-oligarch", having acquired enough wealth in his business career to launch a career in politics.

Political career

In 1998 Kernes was first elected into the Kharkiv city council and has served three terms there.^[1]^[1] Between April and May 2002 Kernes was the secretary of Kharkiv City Council.^[1]

In November 2004 he supported the Orange Revolution.^[4] He came out to condemn the actions taken by the regional governor Yevhen Kushnaryov. In 2006 he was elected to the Kharkiv City Council on the list of the Party of Regions, as member of the party.^[1] In April 2006 Kernes became the secretary of Kharkiv City Council.^[1]

Since 2010 after Mikhail Dobkin had been appointed to the post of the head of the Kharkiv regional state administration, Kernes had been the secretary of city council, the acting mayor of Kharkiv (March 2010 – 24 November 2010). In 2010 had his candidacy nominated for the Party of Regions in the elections to local authorities. In November Kernes was elected as the mayor of Kharkiv with a small, controversial margin.^[5]^[18] On 24 November 2010 he took the oath and entered the post in early December 2010.^[1]

Kernes was noted for holding a strongly 'pro-Russian' stance and for being a supporter of the former Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych.^[21] During the anti-Yanukovych Euromaidan protests in late 2013 and early 2014, he was accused of organizing Antimaidan demonstrations, as well as hiring titushky (thugs that allegedly provocated and attacked Euromaidan supporters).^[7]

Following the ousting of Yanukovych in February 2014, and after he and the governor of Kharkiv Oblast, Mykhailo Dobkin, had briefly found refuge in Russia,^[23] Kernes was accused of alleged connections to death threats, kidnapping and torturing of participants of Euromaidan in Kharkiv and was subsequently placed under night-time house arrest.^[8]^[9]^[10] This criminal case against him was dropped on 30 July 2014 "due to the serious illness of the suspect".^[11] He was accused, in February 2014, by the then (more pro-Western) new Ukrainian leadership of promoting separatism.^[21] However, since then he is believed to have softened this position.^[12] In March 2014 he stated that he had been a "prisoner of Yanukovych's system" and that he expected "good things to come" from the new Yatsenyuk Government.^[13]

Attempted assassination and re-election

On 28 April 2014, Kernes was shot once in the back while biking by an unknown assailant using a sniper rifle.^[14]

Although the wound was life-threatening, doctors performed emergency surgery and were able to stabilize him. The following day Kernes was flown to Israel for further treatment.^[15] According to a report by Televiziyna Sluzhba Novyn on 10 May 2014, he was "making a quick recovery"; in the accompanying interview he stated "I'm in favor of Kharkiv remaining part of Ukraine and therefore in favor of seeing her flourish".^[16] (While recovering in Israel) Kernes stated on 11 June 2014 that his willingness to cooperate with the (then just inaugurated^[17]) Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko.^[18] On 12 August 2014 he stated "Please remember these people—Kharkiv was, is and will be part of a single and indivisible Ukraine".^[19] Kernes commented on the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea on 23 August 2014 saying "Crimea will return to Ukraine, I believe in it".^[20] Kernes returned to Kharkiv on 17 June 2014.^[21] Since then he is using a wheelchair.^[22]^[23]

In the October 2015 Kharkiv mayoral election Kernes was re-elected as a candidate of Revival in the first round of the election with 65.8% of the votes, with a voter turnout of 44.4%.^[24]^[25]^[26]

Personal life

Kernes is married to his second wife, Oksana (née Haysinskaya).^[27] Kernes' first wife was Oksana Vasilenko; the couple divorced in 1985.^[28] Kernes is a father of three children,^[29]^[4] including his stepson, Haysinskaya's son from her previous marriage.^[28]^[30] ^[31]Kernes' first son was born in his marriage to Vasilenko, and his second son was from Halina Privalov, with whom he had an affair between his first and second marriage. In January 2003 Haysinskaya appealed to the police department that Kernes had caused her injuries. After that, Kharkiv billboards appeared with the message "Oksana, I'm sorry!".^[28]

Kernes owns 27 dogs, assorted birds, and other animals and since 2007 has lived in a Kharkiv hotel.^[32] His Instagram account has been described by The New York Times as "eccentric"; Kernes has claimed "Of all the mayors, my Instagram account is the best".^[32] He is known for actively promoting healthier living.^[4]

Since they met in 1998, Kernes has been a close friend of Mykhailo Dobkin – governor of Kharkiv Oblast from 2010 to 2014, mayor of Kharkiv from 2006 to 2010, past and current member (currently for Opposition Bloc) of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) and the Party of Regions candidate in the 2014 Ukrainian presidential election.^[32]^[33] A video (containing swearing) leaked in 2007 of Kernes instructing Dobkin is famous in Ukraine and has created a few national catchphrases.^[34]

In line with new anti-corruption rules, which compel all senior public officials to declare their wealth in an electronic database, Kernes declared in October 2016 that he owned more than $1.6m in hard currency.^[35]

Awards

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹{{cite web|url=http://en.slovoidilo.ua/person/Kernes-Gennadij-Adolfovich.html |title=Kernes Hennadiy Adolfovych, Personal file |publisher=slovoidilo.ua |accessdate=28 April 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429045343/http://en.slovoidilo.ua/person/Kernes-Gennadij-Adolfovich.html |archivedate=29 April 2014 |df= }}
2. ^{{cite news|url=https://ru.tsn.ua/ukrayina/pokushenie-na-kernesa-proizoshlo-vo-vremya-veloprogulki-363009.html|title=Mayor of Ukrainian town wounded by gunfire while riding a bicycle|last=|first=|date=28 April 2014|work=TSN|access-date=|agency=|language=Russian|df=}}
3. ^Biography of Hennadiy Kernes"
4. ^¹²[https://www.depo.ua/rus/life/kernesa-podstrelili-28042014122900 Mayor of Kharkiv has a gunshot]
5. ^"Biography of Hennadiy Kernes" Official Hennadiy Kernes' Webcite
6. ^{{uk icon}} "Кернес вирішив, що в січні непогано попрацював, і виписав собі премію", Ukrayinska Pravda, 13 February 2014; retrieved 28 April 2014.
7. ^[https://nypost.com/2014/04/28/mayor-of-ukraines-2nd-biggest-city-shot-in-the-back "Mayor of Ukraine's 2nd-biggest city shot in the back"], New York Post, 28 April 2014; accessed 28 August 2014.
8. ^¹"Hennadiy Kernes - Kharkiv Mayor"
9. ^Court places Kernes under night-time house arrest, Interfax-Ukraine, 14 March 2014.
10. ^"The interrogation of Kernes will be held in the Prosecutor General’s Office", Харьков Новостное Агентство, 19 March 2014.
11. ^{{uk icon}} Cases against Kernes stopped, Ukrayinska Pravda (30 July 2014)
[https://news.pn/en/public/110354 The State Office of Public Prosecutor stopped a legal investigation against Kernes from - for diseases], Преступности.НЕТ (30 July 2014)
12. ^¹²Mayor of Ukraine's Second-largest City Shot UNN
13. ^"Kharkiv's Kernes justifies his 180-degree political turn by saying he was 'prisoner' of Yanukovych system", MY-MEDIA, 6 March 2014; accessed 28 August 2014.
14. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27183591|title=Ukraine crisis: US and EU to intensify Russia sanctions|work=BBC|date=28 April 2014|accessdate=28 April 2014}}
Ukraine mayor in critical condition after he was shot in the back, Los Angeles Times (28 April 2014)
"Mayor of Kharkov, Ukraine shot in back, hospitalized - press service", RT.com; accessed 28 April 2014.
15. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/30/world/europe/european-union-ukraine-sanctions.html Report on assassination attempt], New York Times, 30 April 2014.
16. ^Wounded Jewish Ukraine mayor: 'I will return to Kharkiv', Ynetnews, 10 May 2014.
17. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20140529-707812.html |title=Petro Poroshenko to Be Inaugurated as Ukraine President June 7 |author=Lukas Alpert |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=29 May 2014 |accessdate=29 May 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529234158/http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20140529-707812.html |archivedate=May 29, 2014 }}
Rada decides to hold inauguration of Poroshenko on 7 June @ 10:00 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140603165249/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/207670.html |date=2014-06-03 }}, Interfax-Ukraine, 3 June 2014.
Poroshenko sworn in as Ukrainian president, Interfax-Ukraine, 7 June 2014.
18. ^{{uk icon}} "Kernes is ready to assist the new government", Ukrayinska Pravda, 11 June 2014.
19. ^{{uk icon}} "Kernes warned: There are no referendums and tumors in Kharkiv", Ukrayinska Pravda, 3 August 2014.
20. ^{{ru icon}} "A monument to Sahaidachny in Kharkov", sq.com.ua, 23 August 2014.
21. ^"Kernes returns to Kharkiv", Interfax-Ukraine, 17 June 2014.
22. ^https://news.yahoo.com/photos/kharkivs-current-mayor-gennadiy-kernes-center-sitting-wheelchair-photo-144837527.html
23. ^http://www.themoscowtimes.com/article/502094.html
24. ^{{uk icon}} "Revival" will send the mayor of Kharkiv Kernes, and the seat of mayor of Odessa will fight Fabricant, UNIAN (23 September 2015)
25. ^Kernes wins elections for Kharkiv mayor with over 65% of vote, Interfax-Ukraine (31 October 2015)
26. ^http://www.ecfr.eu/article/commentary_five_lessons_from_the_local_elections_in_ukraine4087
27. ^{{uk icon}} "Wife and son Kernes happy holiday in the Maldives", Tablo ID, 30 January 2014.
28. ^¹²{{ru icon}} Oksana Haysinskaya and Hennadiy Kernes, Комментарии:, 2 March 2012.
29. ^¹²³⁴{{ru icon}} Short bio of Hennadiy Kernes, LIGA
30. ^{{Cite web|url=http://kharkov.dozor.ua/news/obwestvo/1159402.html|title=ТОП-20 самых влиятельных женщин Харькова (ФОТО) {{!}} Восточный Дозор|website=kharkov.dozor.ua|language=RU|access-date=2017-07-03}}
31. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.segodnya.ua/regions/kharkov/zhena-kernesa-pohvastalas-sportivnoy-figuroy--605866.html|title=ФОТОФАКТ. Жена Кернеса похвасталась спортивной фигурой|website=www.segodnya.ua|language=ru|access-date=2017-07-03}}
32. ^¹²[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/29/world/europe/ukraine.html?_r=0 "Wounded Mayor Is Both Colorful and Powerful, Loved and Loathed"], The New York Times, 28 April 2014.
33. ^{{ru icon}} Mykhailo Dobkin profile, LIGA.net; accessed 28 August 2014.
"Ukraine: Party of Regions nominates Mykhailo Dobkin as presidential candidate, Euronews, 29 March 2014.
Poroshenko Bloc to have greatest number of seats in parliament {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112000000/http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/news/poroshenko_bloc_to_have_greatest_number_of_seats_in_parliament_327072 |date=2014-11-12 }}, Ukrinform (8 November 2014)
People's Front 0.33% ahead of Poroshenko Bloc with all ballots counted in Ukraine elections - CEC {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112000000/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233404.html |date=2014-11-12 }}, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2014)
Poroshenko Bloc to get 132 seats in parliament - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2014)
{{uk icon}} Full electoral list of Opposition Bloc, Ukrayinska Pravda (19 September 2014)
34. ^[https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-41441417 When politicians fall foul of social media], BBC News (29 September 2017)
35. ^[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37785741 Ukraine politicians' huge cash piles exposed in reform drive], BBC News (28 October 2016)
36. ^¹[https://kharkov.news/person/kernes-gennadiy-adolfovich "Hennadiy Kernes - Full Biography"]
37. ^{{uk icon}} "Dobkin and Kernes significant move on the other wheels", Tablo ID (22 September 2011)
38. ^Словарь української мови / Упор. з дод. влас. матеріалу Б. Грінченко : в 4-х т. — К. : Вид-во Академії наук Української РСР, 1958. Том 1, ст. 279.
39. ^Decree of the President of Ukraine № 435/2012 {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/6CcmJHkWg?url=http://president.gov.ua/documents/14892.html |date=2012-12-03 }}, president.gov.ua; accessed 28 August 2014.
40. ^Kernes won XVII annual award 'Person of the Year 2012' in the category of 'City Head of the Year'