| 词条 | Henri A. Levy |
| 释义 |
Levy was born in Oxnard, California and gained both his bachelor's degree and PhD at Caltech, in 1935 and 1938 respectively. His PhD was supervised by Linus Pauling. Following a postdoctoral position with Pauling, Levy moved to Clinton Laboratories (now Oak Ridge National Laboratory) where he spent the rest of his career.[1] He built on the work of Ernest O. Wollan and Clifford G. Shull in determining the structure of crystalline solids such as Xenon tetrafluoride,[2] sucrose[3] and glucose[4] using neutron diffraction. His work particularly focused on determining the positions of hydrogen atoms in crystals, something that neutron diffraction can do with higher precision than X-ray diffraction. He pioneered automated methodology for neutron diffraction studies,[5] along with several computer programs for analysis of crystallographic data.[6] In his later life, Levy worked on electron tomography of large biological complexes, particularly those transcribing DNA.[7] Levy Island, in Crystal Sound, Antarctica, is named in honor of Levy's 1957 work with SW Peterson determining the position of hydrogen atoms in an ice crystal using neutrons.[8][9]He was president of the American Crystallographic Association in 1965.[1] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.iucr.org/news/newsletter/volume-11/number-2/levy-1913-2003 |title=Henri A. Levy (1913-2003) IUCR newsletter vol 11(2)}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Levy, Henri A.}}2. ^{{Cite journal | pmid = 17757912| year = 1963| author1 = Burns| first1 = J. H.| title = Xenon Tetrafluoride Molecule and Its Thermal Motion: A Neutron Diffraction Study| journal = Science| volume = 139| issue = 3560| pages = 1208–9| last2 = Agron| first2 = P. A.| last3 = Levy| first3 = H. A.| doi = 10.1126/science.139.3560.1208}} 3. ^{{Cite journal | pmid = 14043338| year = 1963| author1 = Brown| first1 = G. M.| title = Sucrose: Precise Determination of Crystal and Molecular Structure by Neutron Diffraction| journal = Science| volume = 141| issue = 3584| pages = 921–3| last2 = Levy| first2 = H. A. | doi=10.1126/science.141.3584.921}} 4. ^{{Cite journal | pmid = 14245779| year = 1965| author1 = Brown| first1 = G. M.| title = Alpha-D-Glucose: Precise Determination of Crystal and Molecular Structure by Neutron-Diffraction Analysis| journal = Science| volume = 147| issue = 3661| pages = 1038–9| last2 = Levy| first2 = H. A. | doi=10.1126/science.147.3661.1038-a}} 5. ^{{cite web |title=Chapter 4: Olympian Feats |issue=Nos. 3 and 4: ORNL: The First Fifty Years |url=http://web.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev25-34/chapter4.shtml |journal=ORNL Review |volume=25 |year=1992}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.amercrystalassn.org/h-busing_memoir |title=Crystallographic Computing at Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1954 to 1968. William R. Busing|accessdate=March 3, 2014}} 7. ^{{Cite journal | pmid = 6836293| year = 1983| author1 = Olins| first1 = D. E.| title = Electron microscope tomography: Transcription in three dimensions| journal = Science| volume = 220| issue = 4596| pages = 498–500| last2 = Olins| first2 = A. L.| last3 = Levy| first3 = H. A.| last4 = Durfee| first4 = R. C.| last5 = Margle| first5 = S. M.| last6 = Tinnel| first6 = E. P.| last7 = Dover| first7 = S. D. | doi=10.1126/science.6836293}} 8. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1107/S0365110X5700016X| title = A single-crystal neutron diffraction study of heavy ice| journal = Acta Crystallographica| volume = 10| pages = 70| year = 1957| last1 = Peterson | first1 = S. W.| last2 = Levy | first2 = H. A.| url = http://journals.iucr.org/q/issues/1957/04/00/a01994/a01994.pdf}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=127978 |title=Name Details: Levy Island (United States Gazetteer) |publisher=Australian Antarctic Data Centre |accessdate=March 3, 2014}} 6 : 1913 births|2003 deaths|20th-century American physicists|American nuclear physicists|California Institute of Technology alumni|Oak Ridge National Laboratory people |
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