请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 1960 Summer Olympics
释义

  1. Host city selection

  2. Highlights

     Lowlights  Historical landmarks  Non-medal winners 

  3. Broadcasting

  4. Venues

  5. Games

     Participating National Olympic Committees  Sports  Calendar  Medal count 

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Infobox Olympic games|1960|Summer|Olympics|
| image = 1960 Summer Olympics logo.png
| image_size = 180
| host_city = Rome, Italy
| nations = 83
| athletes = 5,338 (4,727 men, 611 women)
| events = 150 in 17 sports (23 disciplines)
| opening = 25 August
| closing = 11 September
| opened_by = President Giovanni Gronchi[1]
| cauldron = Giancarlo Peris[1]
| stadium = Stadio Olimpico
| summer_prev = Melbourne 1956
| summer_next = Tokyo 1964
| winter_prev = Squaw Valley 1960
| winter_next = Innsbruck 1964
}}

The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad (Italian: Giochi della XVII Olimpiade), was an international multi-sport event that was held from August 25 to September 11, 1960, in Rome, Italy. The city of Rome had previously been awarded the administration of the 1908 Summer Olympics, but following the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 1906, Rome had no choice but to decline and pass the honour to London.

Host city selection

On June 15, 1955, at the 50th IOC Session in Paris, France, Rome won the rights to host the 1960 Games, having beaten Brussels, Mexico City, Tokyo, Detroit, Budapest and finally Lausanne. Tokyo and Mexico City would subsequently host the proceeding 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics respectively.[2]

Toronto was initially interested in the bidding, but appears to have dropped out during the final phase of the bid process.[3] This was the first of five unsuccessful attempts by Toronto to secure the Summer Olympics from then until the 2008 games.

1960 Summer Olympics bidding results[4]
City CountryRound 1Round 2Round 3
Rome Italy}}152635
Lausanne Switzerland}}142124
Detroit United States|1912}}611—
BudapestHungarian People's Republic|1949}}81—
Brussels Belgium}}6——
Mexico City Mexico|1934}}6——
Tokyo Japan|1947}}4——

Highlights

  • Swedish sprint canoeist Gert Fredriksson won his sixth Olympic title.
  • Fencer Aladár Gerevich of Hungary won his sixth consecutive gold medal in the team sabre event.
  • The Japanese men's gymnastics team won the first of five successive golds (see 1976 Summer Olympics).
  • The United States men's national basketball team—led by promising college players Walt Bellamy, Jerry Lucas, Oscar Robertson and Jerry West—captured its fifth straight Olympic gold medal.
  • Danish sailor Paul Elvstrøm won his fourth straight gold medal in the Finn class. Others to emulate his performance in an individual event are Al Oerter, Carl Lewis, Michael Phelps, Kaori Icho and, if the Intercalated (Interspaced) Games of 1906 are included, Ray Ewry.
  • German Armin Hary won the 100 metres in an Olympic record time of 10.2 seconds.
  • Wilma Rudolph, a former polio patient, won three gold medals in sprint events on the track. She was acclaimed as "the fastest woman in the world".
  • Jeff Farrell won two gold medals in swimming. He underwent an emergency appendectomy six days before the Olympic Trials.[5]
  • Abebe Bikila of Ethiopia won the marathon barefooted to become the first black African Olympic champion.
  • Cassius Clay, later known as Muhammad Ali, won boxing's light-heavyweight gold medal. Ramon "Buddy" Carr was one of the coaches that led this team to winning gold.[6]
  • Herb Elliott, AUS, won the men's 1500 meters in one of the most dominating performances in Olympic history.
  • Rafer Johnson defeated his rival and friend C.K. Yang in one of the greatest Decathlon events in Olympic history.[7]
  • Lance Larson, US, was controversially denied a 100 metres freestyle swimming gold, despite showing the best time.
  • The future Constantine II, last King of Greece (abdicated and ended hybrid monarchy, 1973) won his country a gold in sailing: dragon class.
  • The Pakistani Men's Field Hockey team broke a run of Indian team victories since 1928, defeating India in the final and winning Pakistan's first Olympic gold medal.
  • Wrestlers Shelby Wilson, and Doug Blubaugh, who wrestled together growing up, won gold medals in their respective weight classes.

Lowlights

  • Danish cyclist Knud Enemark Jensen collapsed during his race under the influence of Roniacol and later died in the hospital. It was the second time an athlete died in competition at the Olympics, after the death of Portuguese marathon runner Francisco Lázaro at the 1912 Summer Olympics.[8]

Historical landmarks

  • South Africa appeared in the Olympic arena for the last time under its apartheid regime. It would not be allowed to return until 1992, by when apartheid in sport was being abolished.
  • Singapore competed for the first time under its own flag, which was to become its national flag after independence, as the British had granted it self-government a year earlier. Tan Howe Liang won silver in the Weightlifting lightweight category, which was the first time (and the only time until 2008) that an athlete from Singapore won an Olympic medal.

Non-medal winners

  • Finnish Vilho Ylönen, a field shooter, shot a bullseye to a wrong target, and in so doing he dropped from second place to fourth.
  • Peter Camejo, a 2004 American vice-presidential candidate for the Green Party, competed in yachting for Venezuela.
  • The future Queen Sofía of Spain (consort to the Constitutional monarch) represented her native Greece in sailing events.

Broadcasting

  • CBS paid {{USD|394000|1960}} in today's dollars for the exclusive right to broadcast the Games in the United States. This was the first Summer Olympic games to be telecast in North America. In addition to CBS in the United States, the Olympics were telecast for the first time in Canada (on CBC Television) and in Mexico (through the networks of Telesistema Mexicano). Since television broadcast satellites were still two years into the future, CBS, CBC, and TSM shot and edited videotapes in Rome, fed the tapes to Paris where they were re-recorded onto other tapes which were then loaded onto jet planes to North America. Planes carrying the tapes landed at Idlewild Airport in New York City, where mobile units fed the tapes to CBS, to Toronto for the CBC, and to Mexico City for TSM. Despite this arrangement, many daytime events were broadcast in North America, especially on CBS and CBC, the same day they took place.[9]

Venues

{{Main|Venues of the 1960 Summer Olympics}}
  • Olympic Stadium² (Stadio Olimpico) - opening/closing ceremonies, athletics, equestrian events
  • Flaminio Stadium¹ (Stadio Flaminio) - football finals
  • Swimming Stadium¹ - swimming, diving, water polo, modern pentathlon (swimming)
  • Sports Palace¹ (Palazzo dello sport) - basketball, boxing
  • Olympic Velodrome¹ - cycling (track), field hockey
  • Small Sports Palace¹ (Palazzetto dello Sport) - basketball, weightlifting
  • Marble Stadium² (Stadio dei Marmi) - field hockey preliminaries
  • Baths of Caracalla - gymnastics
  • Basilica of Maxentius - wrestling
  • Palazzo dei Congressi - fencing
  • Umberto I Shooting Range¹ - modern pentathlon (shooting), shooting (pistol/ rifle)
  • Roses Swimming Pool¹ (Piscina delle Rose) - water polo
  • Lake Albano, Castelgandolfo - rowing, canoeing
  • Piazza di Siena, Villa Borghese gardens - equestrian (dressage, eventing - jumping, jumping - individual)
  • Pratoni del Vivaro, Rocca di Papa - equestrian (eventing)
  • Gulf of Naples, Naples - yachting
  • Communal Stadium, Florence - football/soccer preliminaries
  • Communal Stadium, Grosseto - football/soccer preliminaries
  • Communal Stadium, L'Aquila - football/soccer preliminaries
  • Ardenza Stadium, Livorno - football/soccer preliminaries
  • Adriatico Stadium, Pescara - football/soccer preliminaries
  • Saint Paul's Stadium, Naples - football/soccer preliminaries
  • Campo Tre Fontane - field hockey preliminaries
  • Acqua Santa Golf Club Course - modern pentathlon (running)
  • Arch of Constantine - athletics (marathon finish)
  • Cesano Infantry School Range - shooting (300 m free rifle)
  • Lazio Pigeon Shooting Stand - shooting (trap shotgun)
  • Passo Corese - modern pentathlon (riding)
  • Grande Raccordo Anulare - athletics (marathon)
  • Via Appian Antica - athletics (marathon)
  • Via Cassia - cycling (individual road race)
  • Via Flaminia - cycling (individual road race)
  • Via Cristoforo Colombo - athletics (marathon), cycling (road team time trial)
  • Via di Grottarossa - cycling (individual road race)

¹ New facilities constructed in preparation for the Olympic Games. ² Existing facilities modified or refurbished in preparation for the Olympic Games.

Games

Participating National Olympic Committees

A total of 83 nations participated at the Rome Games. Athletes from Morocco, San Marino, Sudan, and Tunisia competed at the Olympic Games for the first time.

Athletes from Barbados, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago would represent the new (British) West Indies Federation, competing as "Antilles", but this nation would only exist for this single Olympiad. Athletes from Northern Rhodesia and Southern Rhodesia competed under the Rhodesia name while representing the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Athletes from East Germany and West Germany would compete as the United Team of Germany from 1956 to 1964. The number in parentheses indicates the number of participants that each country contributed.

{{div col|colwidth=16em}}
  • {{flagIOC|AFG|1960 Summer|13}}
  • {{flagIOC|BWI|1960 Summer|name=Antilles|13}}
  • {{flagIOC|ARG|1960 Summer|101}}
  • {{flagIOC|AUS|1960 Summer|209}}
  • {{flagIOC|AUT|1960 Summer|118}}
  • {{flagIOC|BAH|1960 Summer|17}}
  • {{flagIOC|BEL|1960 Summer|108}}
  • {{flagIOC|BER|1960 Summer|9}}
  • {{flagIOC|BRA|1960 Summer|72}}
  • {{flagIOC|GUY|1960 Summer|5}}
  • {{flagIOC|BUL|1960 Summer|116}}
  • {{flagIOC|BIR|1960 Summer|10}}
  • {{flagIOC|CAN|1960 Summer|86}}
  • {{flagIOC|CEY|1960 Summer|5}}
  • {{flagIOC|CHI|1960 Summer|9}}
  • {{flagIOC|COL|1960 Summer|17}}
  • {{flagIOC|CUB|1960 Summer|12}}
  • {{flagIOC|TCH|1960 Summer|116}}
  • {{flagIOC|DEN|1960 Summer|100}}
  • {{flagIOC|ETH|1960 Summer|12}}
  • {{flagIOC|FIJ|1960 Summer|2}}
  • {{flagIOC|FIN|1960 Summer|117}}
  • {{flagIOC|ROC|1960 Summer|name=Taiwan|27}}
  • {{flagIOC|FRA|1960 Summer|238}}
  • {{flagIOC|EUA|1960 Summer|293}}
  • {{flagIOC|GHA|1960 Summer|13}}
  • {{flagIOC|GBR|1960 Summer|253}}
  • {{flagIOC|GRE|1960 Summer|48}}
  • {{flagIOC|HAI|1960 Summer|1}}
  • {{flagIOC|HKG|1960 Summer|4}}
  • {{flagIOC|HUN|1960 Summer|184}}
  • {{flagIOC|ISL|1960 Summer|9}}
  • {{flagIOC|IND|1960 Summer|45}}
  • {{flagIOC|INA|1960 Summer|22}}
  • {{flagIOC|IRI|1960 Summer|23}}
  • {{flagIOC|IRQ|1960 Summer|21}}
  • {{flagIOC|IRL|1960 Summer|49}}
  • {{flagIOC|ISR|1960 Summer|23}}
  • {{flagIOC|ITA|1960 Summer|280}} (host)
  • {{flagIOC|JPN|1960 Summer|162}}
  • {{flagIOC|KEN|1960 Summer|27}}
  • {{flagIOC|KOR|1960 Summer|35}}
  • {{flagIOC|LIB|1960 Summer|19}}
  • {{flagIOC|LBR|1960 Summer|4}}
  • {{flagIOC|LIE|1960 Summer|5}}
  • {{flagIOC|LUX|1960 Summer|52}}
  • {{flagIOC|MAL|1960 Summer|9}}
  • {{flagIOC|MLT|1960 Summer|10}}
  • {{flagIOC|MEX|1960 Summer|69}}
  • {{flagIOC|MON|1960 Summer|11}}
  • {{flagIOC|MAR|1960 Summer|47}}
  • {{flagIOC|NED|1960 Summer|110}}
  • {{flagIOC|AHO|1960 Summer|5}}
  • {{flagIOC|NZL|1960 Summer|37}}
  • {{flagIOC|NGR|1960 Summer|12}}
  • {{flagIOC|NOR|1960 Summer|40}}
  • {{flagIOC|PAK|1960 Summer|44}}
  • {{flagIOC|PAN|1960 Summer|6}}
  • {{flagIOC|PER|1960 Summer|31}}
  • {{flagIOC|PHI|1960 Summer|40}}
  • {{flagIOC|POL|1960 Summer|185}}
  • {{flagIOC|POR|1960 Summer|65}}
  • {{flagIOC|PUR|1960 Summer|27}}
  • {{flagIOC|RHO|1960 Summer|14}}
  • {{flagIOC|ROU|1960 Summer|98}}
  • {{flagIOC|SMR|1960 Summer|9}}
  • {{flagIOC|SIN|1960 Summer|5}}
  • {{flagIOC|RSA|1960 Summer|55}}
  • {{flagIOC|URS|1960 Summer|283}}
  • {{flagIOC|ESP|1960 Summer|144}}
  • {{flagIOC|SUD|1960 Summer|10}}
  • {{flagIOC|SWE|1960 Summer|134}}
  • {{flagIOC|SUI|1960 Summer|149}}
  • {{flagIOC|THA|1960 Summer|20}}
  • {{flagIOC|TUN|1960 Summer|42}}
  • {{flagIOC|TUR|1960 Summer|49}}
  • {{flagIOC|UGA|1960 Summer|10}}
  • {{flagIOC|EGY|1960 Summer|74}}
  • {{flagIOC|USA|1960 Summer|292}}
  • {{flagIOC|URU|1960 Summer|34}}
  • {{flagIOC|VEN|1960 Summer|36}}
  • {{flagIOC|VIE|1960 Summer|3}}
  • {{flagIOC|YUG|1960 Summer|116}}
{{div col end}}
Participating National Olympic Committees
  • {{flagIOC|SUR|1960 Summer}} also made its first Olympic appearance, but its lone athlete (Wim Esajas) withdrew from competition due to a scheduling error.[10]

Sports

The 1960 Summer Olympics featured 17 different sports encompassing 23 disciplines, and medals were awarded in 150 events. In the list below, the number of events in each discipline is noted in parentheses.

{{div col|colwidth=17em}}
  • Aquatics
    • {{GamesSport|Diving|Events=4|Format=d}}
    • {{GamesSport|Swimming|Events=15|Format=d}}
    • {{GamesSport|Water polo|Events=1|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Athletics|Events=34|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Basketball|Events=1|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Boxing|Events=10|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Canoeing|Events=7|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Cycling|Format=d}}
    • Road (2)
    • Track (4)
  • {{GamesSport|Equestrian|Format=d}}
    • Dressage (1)
    • Eventing (2)
    • Jumping (2)
  • {{GamesSport|Fencing|Events=8|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Field hockey|Events=1|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Football|Events=1|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Gymnastics|Events=14|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Modern pentathlon|Events=2|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Rowing|Events=7|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Sailing|Events=5|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Shooting|Events=6|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Weightlifting|Events=7|Format=d}}
  • {{GamesSport|Wrestling|Format=d}}
    • Freestyle (8)
    • Greco-Roman (8)
{{div col end}}

Calendar

All dates are in Central European Time (UTC+1)

{{see also|Chronological summary of the 1960 Summer Olympics}}{{1960 Summer Olympics calendar}}

Medal count

{{Main|1960 Summer Olympics medal table}}

These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1960 Games:[11]

{{Medals table
| caption =
| host =
| show_limit =
| remaining_text =
| flag_template = flagIOC
| event = 1960 Summer
| team =
| gold_URS = 43 | silver_URS = 29 | bronze_URS = 31
| gold_USA = 34 | silver_USA = 21 | bronze_USA = 16
| gold_ITA = 13 | silver_ITA = 10 | bronze_ITA = 13 | host_ITA = yes
| gold_EUA = 12 | silver_EUA = 19 | bronze_EUA = 11
| gold_AUS = 8 | silver_AUS = 8 | bronze_AUS = 6
| gold_TUR = 7 | silver_TUR = 2 | bronze_TUR = 0
| gold_HUN = 6 | silver_HUN = 8 | bronze_HUN = 7
| gold_JPN = 4 | silver_JPN = 7 | bronze_JPN = 7
| gold_POL = 4 | silver_POL = 6 | bronze_POL = 11
| gold_TCH = 3 | silver_TCH = 2 | bronze_TCH = 3
}}

See also

{{IOC seealso|games=1960 Summer Olympics }}

References

1. ^1 {{cite press release |title=Factsheet - Opening Ceremony of the Games of the Olympiad|url=https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Opening_ceremony_of_the_Games_of_the_Olympiad.pdf|dead-url=no |publisher=International Olympic Committee|date=9 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814215458/https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/Opening_ceremony_of_the_Games_of_the_Olympiad.pdf |archive-date=14 August 2016|access-date=22 December 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aldaver.com/votes.html|title=IOC VOTE HISTORY|publisher=}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/07/24/toronto-has-made-5-attempts-to-host-the-olympics-could-the-sixth-be-the-winner.html|title=Toronto has made 5 attempts to host the Olympics. Could the sixth be the winner?|date=24 July 2015|work=thestar.com}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gamesbids.com/english/archives/past.shtml |title=Past Olympic host city election results |publisher=GamesBids |accessdate=17 March 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5xFvf0ufx?url=http://www.gamesbids.com/eng/past.html |archivedate=17 March 2011 |deadurl=no |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.usms.org/hist/sto/index.php?ID=11&srt= |title=Profiling Jeff Farrell, 1968 ISHOF Honor Swimmer |first=Joseph| last=Coplan |publisher=USMS |date=July 19, 2000 |access-date=March 23, 2011}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.toledoblade.com/Deaths/2016/03/11/Ramon-Buddy-Carr-TPD-officer-coached-gold-medalist-boxer.html|title=Ramon 'Buddy' Carr (1926-2016): TPD officer coached gold-medalist boxer|date=March 11, 2016|first=Mark|last=Zaborney|publisher=Toledo Blade}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/olympicsvideo/great-olympic-moments/9346841/Rafer-Johnson-beats-Yang-Chuan-kwang-Olympic-decathlon-1960.html|title=Great Olympic Moments: UCLA friends Rafer Johnson and Yang Chuan-kwang make decathlon history in 1960|first=Jon|last=Henderson|date=June 26, 2012|publisher=The Telegraph|access-date=June 21, 2018}}
8. ^{{cite book | last = Maraniss | first = David | authorlink = David Maraniss | title = Rome 1960: The Olympics That Changed the World | publisher = Simon & Schuster | year = 2008 | location = New York City, NY | edition = 1st | page = 138 | isbn = 978-1-4165-3407-5}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/O/htmlO/olympicsand/olympicsand.htm |title=OLYMPICS AND TELEVISION - The Museum of Broadcast Communications |publisher=Museum.tv |date= |access-date=March 23, 2011}}
10. ^{{cite book|title=Official Olympic Reports |url=http://www.la84foundation.org/5va/reports_frmst.htm |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060622162855/http://www.la84foundation.org/5va/reports_frmst.htm |archivedate=2006-06-22 |df= }}
11. ^{{cite news|author=Byron, Lee|author2=Cox, Amanda|author3= Ericson, Matthew|title=A Map of Olympic Medals|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2008/08/04/sports/olympics/20080804_MEDALCOUNT_MAP.html|accessdate=February 26, 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=August 4, 2008}}

External links

{{Commons category|1960 Summer Olympics}}
  • {{IOC games|games=1960 Summer Olympics }}
  • {{IOC medals|games=1960 Summer Olympics }}
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=34Ye0xEedvYC&printsec=frontcover&dq=rome+olympics+that+changed#v=onepage&q=%22all%20the%20way%20to%20moscow%22%20contents Rome 1960: The Olympics That Changed the World], David Maraniss, New York, NY, U.S.: Simon & Schuster, 2008.
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080507191400/http://www.marcolympics.org/jeux/1960/summer/index.php The program of the 1960 Rome Olympics]
  • [https://books.google.ca/books?id=EE8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA16#v=onepage LIFE 12 Sep 1960]
{{s-start}}{{s-bef|before=Melbourne/Stockholm}}{{s-ttl|title=Summer Olympic Games
Rome|years=XVII Olympiad (1960)}}{{s-aft|after=Tokyo}}{{s-end}}{{Olympic Games}}{{Nations at the 1960 Summer Olympics}}{{EventsAt1960SummerOlympics}}{{1960 Summer Olympic venues}}{{Authority control}}{{Portal bar|Olympics|1960s|Italy|Rome}}

9 : 1960 Summer Olympics|Sports competitions in Rome|Olympic Games in Italy|1960 in multi-sport events|1960 in Italian sport|Summer Olympics by year|1960s in Rome|August 1960 sports events|September 1960 sports events
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/11 19:50:39