| 词条 | Asghar Ali Engineer |
| 释义 |
| name = Asghar Ali Engineer | image =Asghar Ali Engineer, 2010 (cropped).jpg | caption = Asghar Ali Engineer in 2010 | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1939|03|10}} | birth_place = Salumbar, Rajasthan | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2013|05|14|1939|03|10}} | death_place = Santacruz, Mumbai, India | occupation = Writer, activist | nationality = Indian | children = 2 | awards = Right Livelihood Award (2004) }}{{Ismailis|Leaders}}Asghar Ali Engineer (10 March 1939 – 14 May 2013) was an Indian reformist-writer and social activist.[1] Internationally known for his work on liberation theology in Islam, he led the Progressive Dawoodi Bohra movement. The focus of his work was on communalism and communal and ethnic violence in India and South Asia. He was a votary of peace and non-violence and lectured all over world on communal harmony.[2] Engineer also served as head of the Institute of Islamic Studies and the Centre for Study of Society and Secularism, both of which he founded in 1980 and 1993 respectively.[3][4] He also made contributions to The God Contention,[5] a website comparing and contrasting various worldviews. Engineer's autobiography A Living Faith: My Quest for Peace, Harmony and Social Change was released in New Delhi on 20 July 2011 by Hamid Ansari, the then Vice-President of India.[6] BiographyAsghar Ali Engineer was born 10 March 1939 in Salumbar, Rajasthan, India as son of a Bohra priest, Shaikh Qurban Hussain. He was trained in Qur'anic tafsir (commentary), tawil (hidden meaning of Qur'an), fiqh (jurisprudence) and hadith (Prophet's sayings), and learned the Arabic language.[7] He graduated with a degree in civil engineering from Vikram University in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh,[8] and served for 20 years as an engineer in the Bombay Municipal Corporation before taking voluntary retirement in 1972, to devote himself to the Bohra reform movement. He began to play a leading role in the reform movement in 1972 when a revolt took place in Udaipur. He was unanimously elected as General Secretary of The Central Board of Dawoodi Bohra Community in its first conference in Udaipur in 1977. In 2004 due to criticism of the Dawoodi Bohra religious establishment he was expelled. In 1980, he set up the Institute of Islamic Studies in Mumbai to create a platform for progressive Muslims in India and elsewhere. Subsequently, through the 1980s, he wrote extensively on Hindu-Muslim relations, and growing communal violence in India. Asghar Ali Engineer has been instrumental in publicising the Progressive Dawoodi Bohra movement through his writings and speeches. In 1993, he founded 'Center for Study of Society and Secularism' to promote communal harmony.[7] He supported the ban on Salman Rushdie's "Satanic Verses" because he felt that the novel "is an attack" on religion.[8]{{verify source|date=April 2015}} He authored more than 50 books[9] and many articles in various national and international journals. He was the founding chairman of the Asian Muslim Action Network, director of the Institute of Islamic Studies, and head of the Center for Study of Society and Secularism in Mumbai, where he closely worked with scholar and scientist Professor Dr Ram Puniyani. Engineer was also a supporter of the supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, an organisation which campaigns for democratic reformation of the United Nations.[10] Beliefs on women's rightsEngineer wrote that "Women do not enjoy the status the Qur'an has given them in Muslim society today."[11] Engineer believed that in this day and age women should be equal to men. Women had internalized their subjugation of men as the latter were the breadwinners. Since then women have become quite conscious of their new status.[12]Engineer believed that women should be treated as equal to men, and said that people who support an unjust order, or remain silent in view of gross injustices were not religious people. Women’s inequality topped his priority list of injustices. However, critics said that his interpretations of the Qur'an were not strong enough to get people to change their beliefs surrounding women’s place in Islam. Sikand thought that Engineer’s opinion was based on his interpretation of the Qur'an and his outlook on the 21st century instead of the interpretations that the Qur'an has now. “His understanding of Islam is indelibly shaped by his concern for social justice and inter-communal harmony, of course.”[13] AwardsEngineer was given several awards during his lifetime, including the Dalmia Award for communal harmony in 1990, an honorary D.Litt. by the University of Calcutta in 1993, the Communal Harmony Award in 1997 and the Right Livelihood Award in 2004 (with Swami Agnivesh) for his "strong commitment to promote values of co-existence and tolerance".[14] Some works
Further reading
References1. ^{{cite news|last=IANS|title=Scholar Asghar Ali Engineer dies at 74|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai/islamic-scholar-asghar-ali-engineer-dead/story-kLwNoLbSso7FL75ybRS9nK.html|accessdate=14 May 2013|newspaper=Hindustan Times|date=14 May 2013}} 2. ^About Asghar Ali Engineer {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070519075550/http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~rtavakol/engineer/about.htm |date=19 May 2007 }} Rutgers University. 3. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/19991007222718/http://ecumene.org/IIS/csss.htm Institute of Islamic Studies and Centre for Study of Society and Secularism]. 4. ^Asghar Ali Engineer gets alternative Nobel Indian Express, 2 October 2004. 5. ^The God Contention 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.csss-isla.com/ |title=Center For Study of Society And Secularism |publisher=Csss-isla.com |date= |accessdate=16 May 2013}} 7. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=d3Q7uZ8WpmMC&pg=PA12 Asghar Ali Engineer: the man] Muslims in India Since 1947: Islamic Perspectives on Inter-faith Relations, by Yoginder Sikand. Routledge, 2004. {{ISBN|0-415-31486-0}}. Page 12–13. 8. ^A.A. Engineer, interviewed by Sharmila Joshi, Times of India, 16. April 1995. 9. ^Books written and edited by Dr. Asghar Ali Engineer {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213163757/http://csss-isla.com/booklist/asghar_list.php |date=13 February 2009 }} CSSS- Centre for Study of Society and Secularism. 10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://en.unpacampaign.org/supporters/overview/?mapcountry=allhea&mapgroup=hea|title=Supporters|last=|first=|date=|website=Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly|access-date=2017-09-26|language=en-US}} 11. ^On Methodology of Understanding Qur'an. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606043719/http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~rtavakol/engineer/understand.htm |date=6 June 2011 }} Engineer, Asghar Ali. "Dr Asghar Ali Engineer's Articles." Rutgers-Newark: The State University of New Jersey. 12. ^Engineer, Asghar Ali. The rights of Women in Islam. 2nd ed. Elgin, IL: New Dawn Press Group, 2004, 190. 13. ^Sikand, Yoginder. “Asghar Ali Engineer’s Quest for an Islamic Theology of Peach and Religious Pluralism.” Progressive Dawoodi Bohras. Quest.http://dawoodi-bohras.com/about_us/people/engineer/quest/ (accessed 23 April 2009), 16. 14. ^1 Right Livelihood – Asghar Ali Engineer {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122044058/http://www.rightlivelihood.org/asghar-ali-engineer.html |date=22 November 2008 }} Right Livelihood Award External links
15 : 1939 births|Dawoodi Bohras|Indian Ismailis|Writers from Rajasthan|Activists from Rajasthan|Male feminists|Muslim reformers|20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam|Indian academics|Criticism of Islamism|Right Livelihood Award laureates|Vikram University alumni|2013 deaths|Hindu and Islamic interfaith dialogue|People in interfaith dialogue |
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