“1960 United States Senate elections”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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1960 United States Senate elections

释义

Retirements
Democratic seats held by Democrats Democrats replaced by Republicans Republican seats held by Republicans Republicans replaced by Democrats
Losing incumbents
Democrats lost to Republicans
Other changes
Subsequent changes
Change in Senate composition
Before the general elections After the general elections After the November special elections Beginning of the next Congress
Race summaries
Special elections during the 86th Congress Elections leading to the next Congress Elections during the 87th Congress
See also
References

{{For|related races|1960 United States elections}}{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1960 United States Senate elections
| country = United States
| type = legislative
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1958 United States Senate elections
| previous_year = 1958
| next_election = 1962 United States Senate elections
| next_year = 1962
| seats_for_election = 35 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51 seats needed for a majority
| election_date = November 8, 1960
| 1blank = Seats up
| 2blank = Races won
| image_size = 160x180px
| party1 = Democratic Party (United States)
| image1 = Senator Lyndon Johnson.jpg
| leader1 = Lyndon Johnson
| leader_since1 = January 3, 1953
| leaders_seat1 = Texas
| seats_before1 = 66
| seats_after1 = 64
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 2
| popular_vote1 = 18,547,250
| percentage1 = 55.1%
| swing1 = {{increase}} 0.1%
| 1data1 = 22
| 2data1 = 20
| party2 = Republican Party (United States)
| image2 = EverettDirksen.jpg
| leader2 = Everett Dirksen
| leader_since2 = January 3, 1959
| leaders_seat2 = Illinois
| seats_before2 = 34
| seats_after2 = 36
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 2
| popular_vote2 = 14,894,867
| percentage2 = 44.2%
| swing2 = {{increase}} 1.1%
| 1data2 = 11
| 2data2 = 13
| map_image = Us 1960 senate election map.svg
| map_size = 300px
| map_caption = Results including special elections
{{Legend0|#00f|Democratic gain}} {{Legend0|#f00|Republican gain}}
{{Legend0|#008|Democratic hold}} {{Legend0|#800|Republican hold}}
| title = Majority Leader
| before_election = Lyndon Johnson
| before_party = Democratic Party (United States)
| after_election = Mike Mansfield
| after_party = Democratic Party (United States)
}}

The 1960 United States Senate elections coincided with the election of John F. Kennedy as president. The Republicans gained one seat at the expense of the Democrats. The Democrats nonetheless retained a commanding lead in the Senate with 64 seats to 36. As Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson was elected Vice President, Mike Mansfield became the new Majority Leader.

Retirements

Democratic seats held by Democrats

Montana: James E. Murray (D) was replaced by Lee Metcalf (D)
Oregon: Hall S. Lusk (D) was replaced by Maurine B. Neuberger (D)
Rhode Island: Theodore F. Green (D) was replaced by Claiborne Pell (D)

Democrats replaced by Republicans

Wyoming: Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) was replaced by Edwin Keith Thomson (R). But Thomson died before the Congress began and was then replaced by a Democratic appointee.

Republican seats held by Republicans

Iowa: Thomas E. Martin (R) was replaced by Jack Miller (R)

Republicans replaced by Democrats

North Dakota (Class 1): Clarence N. Brunsdale (R) was replaced by Quentin N. Burdick (D)

Losing incumbents

Democrats lost to Republicans

Delaware: J. Allen Frear, Jr. (D) lost to J. Caleb Boggs (R)

Other changes

The Republicans' net gain of one seat was eliminated after the election.

Wyoming: Senator-elect Keith Thomson (R) died December 9, 1960, and was replaced by appointee John J. Hickey (D) at the beginning of the Congress.

Subsequent changes

The Republicans gained one seat early in the next Congress.

Texas: Two-term Incumbent Lyndon Johnson (D) had been re-elected, but he resigned January 3, 1961 at the beginning of the term to become U.S. Vice President.
- William A. Blakley (D) was appointed January 3, 1961 to begin and to continue the term.
- John Tower (R) was elected June 14, 1961 to finish the term.

Change in Senate composition

Before the general elections

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀	D₃₉	D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅ Ran	D₄₆ Ran	D₄₇ Ran	D₄₈ Ran	D₄₉ Ran	D₅₀ Ran
Majority →									D₅₁ Ran
D₆₀ Ran	D₅₉ Ran	D₅₈ Ran	D₅₇ Ran	D₅₆ Ran	D₅₅ Ran	D₅₄ Ran	D₅₃ Ran	D₅₂ Ran	D₅₁ Ran
D₆₁ Ran	D₆₂ Ran	D₆₃ Retired	D₆₄ Retired	D₆₅ Retired	D₆₆ Retired	R₃₄ Retired	R₃₃ Ran	R₃₂ Ran	R₃₁ Ran
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄ Ran	R₂₅ Ran	R₂₆ Ran	R₂₇ Ran	R₂₈ Ran	R₂₉ Ran	R₃₀ Ran
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

After the general elections

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀	D₃₉	D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅ Re-elected	D₄₆ Re-elected	D₄₇ Re-elected	D₄₈ Re-elected	D₄₉ Re-elected	D₅₀ Re-elected
Majority →									D₅₁ Re-elected
D₆₀ Re-elected	D₅₉ Re-elected	D₅₈ Re-elected	D₅₇ Re-elected	D₅₆ Re-elected	D₅₅ Re-elected	D₅₄ Re-elected	D₅₃ Re-elected	D₅₂ Re-elected	D₅₁ Re-elected
D₆₁ Re-elected	D₆₂ Re-elected	D₆₃ Hold	D₆₄ Hold	R₃₆ Gain	R₃₅ Gain	R₃₄ Hold	R₃₃ Re-elected	R₃₂ Re-elected	R₃₁ Re-elected
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄ Re-elected	R₂₅ Re-elected	R₂₆ Re-elected	R₂₇ Re-elected	R₂₈ Re-elected	R₂₉ Re-elected	R₃₀ Re-elected
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

After the November special elections

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀	D₃₉	D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇	D₄₈	D₄₉	D₅₀
Majority →									D₅₁
D₆₀	D₅₉	D₅₈	D₅₇	D₅₆	D₅₅	D₅₄	D₅₃	D₅₂	D₅₁
D₆₁	D₆₂	D₆₃ Appointee elected	D₆₄ Hold, like general	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

Beginning of the next Congress

The Republican Senator-elect from Wyoming died between the election and the next Congress. A Democrat was appointed in his place by the beginning of the next Congress.

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀	D₃₉	D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇	D₄₈	D₄₉	D₅₀
Majority →									D₅₁
D₆₀	D₅₉	D₅₈	D₅₇	D₅₆	D₅₅	D₅₄	D₅₃	D₅₂	D₅₁
D₆₁	D₆₂	D₆₃	D₆₄	D₆₅ Gain	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

Key:

D_#	Democratic
R_#	Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 86th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1960 or before January 3, 1961; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
North Dakota (Class 1)	Clarence N. Brunsdale	Republican	1959 (Appointed)	Interim apppointee retired. New senator elected June 28, 1960. Democratic gain.	√ Quentin N. Burdick (Democratic) 49.7% John E. Davis (Republican) 49.2%
Missouri (Class 3)	Edward V. Long	Democratic	1960 (Appointed)	Interim appointee elected November 8, 1960.	√ Edward V. Long (Democratic) 53.2% Lon Hocker (Republican) 46.8%
Oregon (Class 2)	Hall S. Lusk	Democratic	1960 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 8, 1960. Democratic hold. Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Maurine B. Neuberger (Democratic) 55.0% Elmo Smith (Republican) 45.0%^[1]

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1961; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Alabama	John Sparkman	Democratic	1946 (Special) 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John Sparkman (Democratic) 70.2% Julian Elgin (Republican) 29.8%
Alaska	Bob Bartlett	Democratic	1958 (New seat)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Bob Bartlett (Democratic) 63.4% Lee L. McKinley (Republican) 36.6%
Arkansas	John L. McClellan	Democratic	1942 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John L. McClellan (Democratic) Unopposed
Colorado	Gordon L. Allott	Republican	1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Gordon L. Allott (Republican) 53.5% Robert L. Knous (Democratic) 46.0%
Delaware	J. Allen Frear, Jr.	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ J. Caleb Boggs (Republican) 50.7% J. Allen Frear, Jr. (Democratic) 49.3%
Georgia	Richard Russell, Jr.	Democratic	1933 (Special) 1936 1942 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Richard Russell, Jr. (Democratic) Unopposed
Idaho	Henry C. Dworshak	Republican	1946 (Special) 1948 (Lost) 1949 (Appointed) 1950 (Special) 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Henry C. Dworshak (Republican) 52.3% R. F. Bob McLaughlin (Democratic) 47.7%
Illinois	Paul Douglas	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Paul Douglas (Democratic) 54.6% Samuel W. Witwer (Republican) 45.2%
Iowa	Thomas E. Martin	Republican	1954	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican hold.	√ Jack Miller (Republican) 51.9% Herschel C. Loveless (Democratic) 48.1%
Kansas	Andrew F. Schoeppel	Republican	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Andrew F. Schoeppel (Republican) 54.6% Frank Theis (Democratic) 43.8%
Kentucky	John S. Cooper	Republican	1946 (Special) 1948 (Lost) 1952 (Special) 1954 (Lost) 1956 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John S. Cooper (Republican) 59.2% Keen Johnson (Democratic) 40.8%
Louisiana	Allen J. Ellender	Democratic	1936 1942 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Allen J. Ellender (Democratic) 79.8% George W. Reese, Jr. (Republican) 20.2%
Maine	Margaret Chase Smith	Republican	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Margaret Chase Smith (Republican) 61.7% Lucia M. Cormier (Democratic) 38.4%
Massachusetts	Leverett Saltonstall	Republican	1944 (Special) 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Leverett Saltonstall (Republican) 56.2% Thomas J. O'Connor, Jr. (Democratic) 43.5%
Michigan	Patrick V. McNamara	Democratic	1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Patrick V. McNamara (Democratic) 51.7% Alvin M. Bentley (Republican) 48.0%
Minnesota	Hubert Humphrey	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Hubert Humphrey (Democratic) 57.5% P. Kenneth Peterson (Republican) 42.2%
Mississippi	James Eastland	Democratic	1942 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ James Eastland (Democratic) 91.8% Joe A. Moore (Republican) 8.2%
Montana	James E. Murray	Democratic	1934 (Special) 1936 1942 1948 1954	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Lee Metcalf (Democratic) 50.7% Orvin B. Fjare (Republican) 49.3%
Nebraska	Carl T. Curtis	Republican	1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Carl T. Curtis (Republican) 58.9% Robert B. Conrad (Democratic) 41.1%
New Hampshire	Styles Bridges	Republican	1936 1942 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Styles Bridges (Republican) 60.4% Herbert W. Hill (Democratic) 39.7%
New Jersey	Clifford P. Case	Republican	1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Clifford P. Case (Republican) 55.7% Thorn Lord (Democratic) 43.2%
New Mexico	Clinton P. Anderson	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Clinton P. Anderson (Democratic) 63.4% William Colwes (Republican) 36.6%
North Carolina	B. Everett Jordan	Democratic	1958 (Appointed) 1958 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ B. Everett Jordan (Democratic) 61.4% Kyle Hayes (Republican) 38.6%
Oklahoma	Robert S. Kerr	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Robert S. Kerr (Democratic) 54.8% B. Hayden Crawford (Republican) 44.6%
Oregon	Hall S. Lusk	Democratic	1960 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold. Winner was also elected to finish the term, see above.	√ Maurine B. Neuberger (Democratic) 54.6% Elmo Smith (Republican) 45.4%^[1]
Rhode Island	Theodore F. Green	Democratic	1936 1942 1948 1954	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Claiborne Pell (Democratic) 68.9% Raoul Archambault (Republican) 31.1%
South Carolina	Strom Thurmond	Democratic	1954 1954 (Appointed) 1956 (Resigned) 1956 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Strom Thurmond (Democratic) Unopposed
South Dakota	Karl E. Mundt	Republican	1948 1948 (Appointed) 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Karl E. Mundt (Republican) 52.4% George S. McGovern (Democratic) 47.6%
Tennessee	Estes Kefauver	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Estes Kefauver (Democratic) 71.8% A. Bradley Frazier (Republican) 28.3%
Texas	Lyndon B. Johnson	Democratic	1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected. Winner resigned at the end of the term to become U.S. Vice President. New senator was appointed to begin the next term.	√ Lyndon B. Johnson (Democratic) 58.0% John G. Tower (Republican) 41.1% Bard A. Logan (Constitution) 0.9%
Virginia	A. Willis Robertson	Democratic	1946 (Special) 1948 1954	Incumbent re-elected.	√ A. Willis Robertson (Democratic) 81.3% Stuart D. Baker (Independent) 14.2%
West Virginia	Jennings Randolph	Democratic	1958 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Jennings Randolph (Democratic) 55.3% Cecil H. Underwood (Republican) 44.7%
Wyoming	Joseph C. O'Mahoney	Democratic	1954	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican gain. Winner then died before the Congress began and was replaced by a Democratic appointee.	√ Edwin Keith Thomson (Republican) 56.4% Raymond B. Whitaker (Democratic) 43.6%

Elections during the 87th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated after January 3, 1961.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Texas (Class 2)	William A. Blakley	Democratic	1957 (Appointed) 1957 (Retired) 1961 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected May 27, 1961. Republican gain.	√ John Tower (Republican) 50.58% William A. Blakley (Democratic) 49.42%

References

1. ^¹http://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=160

2 : 1960 United States Senate elections|1961 United States Senate elections

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