“Heroes Monument, Jakarta”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Heroes Monument, Jakarta

释义

History and design
References
Cited works

{{Infobox Historic Site
| name = Heroes Monument
| native_name = Patung Pahlawan
| native_language = Indonesian
| image = Kniel.jpg
| location = Jakarta, Indonesia
| coordinates = {{coord|-6.182681|106.834814|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| built = 1963
| architect = Matvey Manizer,{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=129}} Ossip Manizer
}}

The Heroes Monument (Indonesian Patung Pahlawan) is a bronze statue located in Jakarta, Indonesia. The monument celebrates the heroes of the struggles of the Indonesian nation symbolized by a peasant youth wearing a caping with a rifle on his shoulder, a mother behind him offering him a dish of rice.^[1] The caping is a traditional farmer's hat in Indonesia, thus the statue is also referred as the Farmer's Monument (Patung Pak Tani or Tugu Tani).{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=129}}

History and design

The idea for the creation of the statue was initiated by Sukarno, the first president of Indonesia, when he visited Moscow in the late 1950s{{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=129}} and was impressed with the statues in the city. He was introduced to a Socialist realist sculptor Matvey Manizer and his son Ossip Manizer.{{sfn|P. Nas|1993|p=52}} In order to inspire them, Sukarno invited the sculptors to Indonesia to build a statue which embodies the fight to achieve independence, which at that time Indonesia was fighting for the freedom of West Papua from the Dutch colonialism. While exploring a rural village in West Java, the sculptors were inspired by a folklore about a mother who supported her son to win the war and to remember his parents and his land as well as giving him some rice for his journey.

The statue was built in the Soviet Union and brought to Indonesia by ship. It was inaugurated in 1963. The statue sits at the junction of Menteng and Prapatan Street, which had been an important place during the days of the August 1945 revolution. The statue has been controversial since armed peasants are sometimes identified with communism.{{sfn|P. Nas|1993|p=52}}

There is a caption on the pedestal, a sentence by Sukarno: "HANJA BANGSA JANG MENGHARGAI PAHLAWAN PAHLAWANNJA DAPAT MENJADI BANGSA JANG BESAR" (English: "A NATION THAT EXALTS ITS HEROES IS A GREAT NATION"){{sfn|Merrillees|2015|p=129}}{{sfn|P. Nas|1993|p=52}}

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.explore-indo.com/sejarah/260-patung-patung-di-jakarta-mengenal-dan-melestarikan-nilai-nilai-sejarah-bangsa.html |title=PATUNG-PATUNG DI JAKARTA: Mengenal dan Melestarikan Nilai-nilai Sejarah Bangsa |author=Redaksi Explore Indonesia |date=September 26, 2011 |work= |publisher=Explore Indonesia |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926204915/http://explore-indo.com/sejarah/260-patung-patung-di-jakarta-mengenal-dan-melestarikan-nilai-nilai-sejarah-bangsa.html |archivedate=September 26, 2011 |df= }}

Cited works

{{cite book |last=Merrillees |first=Scott |date=2015 |title=Jakarta: Portraits of a Capital 1950-1980 |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=akLWjgEACAAJ&dq=JAKARTA:+Portraits+of+a+Capital+1950-1980&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y |location=Jakarta |publisher=Equinox Publishing |isbn=9786028397308 |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |title=Urban symbolism | volume=Volume 8 of Studies in human society |author=P. Nas |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1993 |publisher=BRILL |location= |isbn=9789004098558 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R7-xvYmg3HcC&pg=PA52&dq=hero+monument+jakarta&hl=en&ei=0PmFTsrIFYbxrQeG8e3jDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&sqi=2&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=October 1, 2011 |ref=harv}}

4 : Buildings and structures completed in 1963|Monuments and memorials in Jakarta|Post-independence architecture of Indonesia|Buildings and structures in Jakarta

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