| 词条 | Heron Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Heron Dam | name_official = | image = HeronLakeNM.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = The Brazos Cliffs, Heron Lake, and the north wall of the Rio Chama Gorge, looking east. | image_alt = | location_map = New Mexico | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|36.665915|-106.706226|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | country = United States | location = Rio Arriba County, New Mexico | purpose = Irrigation | status = | construction_began = | opening = 1971 | demolished = | cost = | owner = United States Bureau of Reclamation | dam_type = Storage dam | dam_height = {{convert|263|ft}} | dam_height_thalweg = | dam_height_foundation= | dam_length = {{convert|1250|ft}} | dam_width_crest = | dam_width_base = | dam_volume = | dam_elevation_crest = | dam_crosses = | spillway_count = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | res_name = | res_capacity_total = {{convert|401000|acre.ft}} | res_capacity_active = | res_capacity_inactive= | res_catchment = | res_surface = | res_elevation = | res_max_depth = | res_max_length = | res_max_width = | res_tidal_range = | plant_operator = | plant_commission = | plant_decommission = | plant_type = | plant_turbines = | plant_capacity = | plant_annual_gen = | website = | extra = }} Heron Dam is a storage dam Rio Arriba County, in northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States, just north of the El Vado Dam. It is owned and operated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation.{{sfn|Operations Fact Sheet}} The dam is about 9 miles west of the town of Tierra Amarilla.{{sfn|Ferrari|2011|p=1}} ConstructionThe dam was built as part of the San Juan-Chama Project, which transfers water from the San Juan River basin through the {{convert|12.8|mi}} Azotea Tunnel under the Continental Divide into Willow Creek, where it is stored in Heron Reservoir as part of the Colorado River Storage Project. The dam is located on Willow Creek near the creek's confluence with the Rio Chama.{{sfn|Operations Fact Sheet}} Construction was completed in 1971.{{sfn|Dams and Diversions...}} The outlet works at El Vado Dam, just downstream from Heron Dam, were enlarged as part of the San Juan-Chama Project so releases from Heron Reservoir could pass unimpeded through the dam. The capacity of the El Vado outlet works was increased to pass {{convert|6600|ft3}} per second.{{sfn|Gould|1999|p=3}} StructureThe reservoir lies at an elevation of {{convert|7192|ft|m}} above sea level. The earthfill dam is {{convert|1221|ft}} long and {{convert|276|ft}} high.{{sfn|Dams and Diversions...}} Heron Dike, one mile northwest of the dam, helps contain the reservoir. It has a concrete crest spillway with an open chute with a discharge capacity of {{convert|600|ft3}} per second. The dam's outlet works include an intake structure, {{convert|10|ft}} diameter concrete-lined upstream tunnel, gate chamber, {{convert|11|ft}} modified horseshoe concrete-lined downstream tunnel, and a stilling basin. The discharge capacity is {{convert|4160|ft3}} per second at a reservoir elevation of {{convert|7190.8|ft}}.{{sfn|Ferrari|2011|p=2}} When filled, the reservoir covers {{convert|5905|acre|km2}}.{{sfn|Ferrari|2011|p=iii}} The maximum safe storage capacity is {{convert|401000|acre.ft}}. Downstream channel capacity is about {{convert|6000|ft3}} per second.{{sfn|Operations Fact Sheet}} OperationsThe dam was built strictly for storage and delivery of San Juan-Chama Project water for municipal, domestic, industrial, recreation, irrigation, and fish and wildlife purposes. The water is diverted to New Mexico as agreed under the Colorado River and Upper Colorado River Compacts. The amount of water diverted each year, and the way in which it is used, are subject to well-defined agreements.{{sfn|Operations Fact Sheet}} Flows of "native" or "natural" water from Willow Creek and from the Rio Chama upstream of the dam are measured and bypassed through the reservoir.{{sfn|Gould|1999|p=2}} The dam provides up to {{convert|5000|acre.ft}} of San Juan-Chama water annually to maintain the recreation pool at Cochiti Reservoir. The dam can supply about {{convert|96200|acre.ft}} of San Juan-Chama water annually to users with reasonable certainty.{{sfn|Operations Fact Sheet}} There is no carry-over provision: contractors must take delivery of their water by December 31. This means that contractors such as the City of Albuquerque or the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District often withdraw their water and arrange to store it in downstream reservoirs such as El Vado, Abiquiu, Jemez Canyon (by exchange), and Elephant Butte.{{sfn|Gould|1999|p=2}} ReferencesCitationsSources{{refbegin|}}
7 : Dams in New Mexico|Dams in the Rio Grande basin|Buildings and structures in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico|Dams completed in 1971|United States Bureau of Reclamation dams|United States local public utility dams|1971 establishments in New Mexico |
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