| 词条 | Heterelmis comalensis |
| 释义 |
| image = Heterelmis comalensis.jpg | status = G1 | status_system = TNC | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Coleoptera | familia = Elmidae | genus = Heterelmis | species = H. comalensis | binomial = Heterelmis comalensis | binomial_authority = Bosse, Tuff, and Brown, 1988 | synonyms = }} Heterelmis comalensis is a rare species of beetle known by the common name Comal Springs riffle beetle. It is endemic to Texas in the United States, where it occurs in only two springs. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. DescriptionThis beetle was described as a new species in 1988. It is about {{convert|2|mm|abbr=on}} long.[1] It has nonfunctional wings and cannot fly.[2] Habitat and conservationThe beetle lives in Comal Springs in Comal County and San Marcos Springs in Hays County, Texas.[3] It occurs in shallow water in the gravel substrate and in riffles.[2] It lives alongside other species such as the beetle Microcylloepus pusillus.[4] The main threat to this rare species is the slow loss of the Edwards Aquifer, which has long been tapped for its water. The aquifer feeds the springs in which the beetle lives.[2] Some specimens are kept in captivity at the San Marcos National Fish Hatchery and Technology Center, and some larvae have been produced.[5] References1. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Bosse | first1 = L. S. | last2 = Tuff | first2 = D. W. | last3 = Brown | first3 = H. P. | title = A new species of Heterelmis from Texas (Coleoptera: Elmidae) | journal = Southwestern Naturalist | volume = 33 | issue = 2 | pages = 199–203 | doi = 10.2307/3671895 | year = 1988 | pmid = | pmc = }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q2414708}}2. ^1 2 USFWS. Final Rule To List Three Aquatic Invertebrates in Comal and Hays Counties, TX, as Endangered. Federal Register December 18, 1997. 3. ^Heterelmis comalensis. The Nature Conservancy. 4. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Bowles | first1 = D. E. | last2 = Barr | first2 = C. B. | last3 = Stanford | first3 = R. | doi = 10.1127/0003-9136/2003/0156-0361 | title = Habitat and phenology of the endangered riffle beetle Heterelmis comalensis and a coexisting species, Microcylloepus pusillus, (Coleoptera: Elmidae) at Comal Springs, Texas, USA | journal = Archiv für Hydrobiologie | volume = 156 | issue = 3 | pages = 361–383 | year = 2003 | pmid = | pmc = }} 5. ^{{cite journal|author=Fries, J. F. |year=2003 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/pdf3/005661200020705.pdf |title=Possible reproduction of the Comal Springs riffle beetle (Coleoptera: Elmidae) in captivity |journal=Entomological News |volume=114 |issue=1 |page=7 }}{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5 : Byrrhoidea|Endemic fauna of Texas|Beetles of North America|Beetles described in 1988|ESA endangered species |
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