| 词条 | Hippo APC |
| 释义 |
|name= Hippo | image= HippoAPC1.PNG | image_size = 250 |caption= Armscor Hippo at the SAPS Museum, Ventersburg |origin= South Africa |type= Armoured personnel carrier |is_vehicle=yes |service= 1974 - 1978[1] |used_by= See Operators |wars= Rhodesian Bush War South African Border War Namibian War of Independence Soweto uprising |designer= Armscor South Africa |design_date= 1974[2] |manufacturer= Armscor South Africa |unit_cost= |production_date= |number=275 (Mk 1-R)[2] 402 (Mk 1-M)[4] |variants= See Variants |weight= {{convert|8.8|t|ST LT|lk=out}}[1] |length= {{convert|6.53|m|ftin|abbr=on}}[2] |part_length= |width= {{convert|2.46|m|ftin|abbr=on}}[2] |height= {{convert|3.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}[2] |diameter= |crew= 2 |passengers= 10 |armour= |primary_armament= 2x 7.62mm M1919 Browning machine guns[1] |secondary_armament= |engine= Bedford {{convert|2.5|l|in3|abbr=on}} inline 6-cylinder water-cooled petrol[2] |engine_power= |transmission= ZF 4-speed manual synchromesh (2nd, 3rd, 4th gears)[2][3] |payload_capacity= |fuel_capacity= 240 litres[2] |pw_ratio= |suspension= |clearance= 32 cm[2] |vehicle_range= 640 km[1] |speed= 73 km/h[1] |guidance= }} The Hippo is a South African armoured personnel carrier. Specially designed to be mine resistant, it can carry ten infantrymen and a crew of two.[3] The vehicle's remote-operated turret mounts dual 7.62mm machine guns, but like other improvised fighting vehicles, it is only lightly protected against ballistic threats.[3] Development historyAn interim solution adopted to deal with the threat of land mines deployed by the South West African People's Organization (SWAPO) in northern Ovamboland, the Hippo was simply a blastproof hull fitted to a Bedford RL chassis. Similar to the BTR-152, it offered a staggered troop compartment with seating facing inwards. Vision was restricted to narrow plate glass windows. This layout was universally unpopular and later corrected with the Buffel.[2] There were firing ports for the occupants and a powered machine gun turret could be braced on the open top, though these were seldom fitted. Passengers and crew debussed from a rear deck.[2] The Hippo Mk1-R was based on a M1961 Bedford truck chassis, which was being phased from South African service in 1974.[1] The Mk1-R was manufactured using mild steel and RB390 armour steel.[3] Some 150 Mk1-R were ordered and shipped to the South African Police in 1974, another 5 being donated to the South-West African authorities.[2] Police units left behind several when they withdrew from Rhodesia in 1976; these were retained by Rhodesian Security Forces and later passed on to the Zimbabwe National Army.[4] In 1978, 120 Hippo Mk1-R conversions of M1970 Bedfords was undertaken for the South African Defence Force, which had assumed responsibility for patrols along the Angolan border and needed a new mine protected vehicle. The Hippo Mk1-M used ROQ TUFF steel instead of mild steel. The South African Army ordered 402 Mk1-M.[3] The Hippo served its purpose for the South African Army but it was heavy, and lacked true off-road capability. A new mine-protected vehicle had been designed in April 1976 although it would be another two years before the Buffel would eventually replace the Hippo as the Army's premier troop-carrying mine-protected vehicle.[3] Variants
Operators
In popular culture
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://www.saarmourmuseum.co.za/lesakeng.html |title=Lesakeng |publisher=South African Armour Museum |date=2012-12-06 |accessdate=2013-06-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703141331/http://www.saarmourmuseum.co.za/lesakeng.html |archivedate=2013-07-03 |df= }} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Heitman, Helmoed-Römer. South African Armed Forces. Buffalo Publications 1990. {{ISBN|0-620-14878-0}} p 44. 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |url=http://www.30degreessouth.co.za/surviving_the_ride.htm|title=Surviving The Ride |isbn=978-1-928211-17-4 |publisher=30 Degrees South |accessdate=2015-07-24}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|last=Nelson|first=Harold|title=Zimbabwe: A Country Study|pages=237–317}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=The Rhodesian War: A Military History|last1=Moorcraft|first1=Paul L.|authorlink1=Paul Moorcraft|last2=McLaughlin|first2=Peter|authorlink2=Peter McLaughlin|date=April 2008|origyear=1982|location=Barnsley|publisher=Pen and Sword Books|isbn=978-1-84415-694-8}} External links
Bibliography
8 : Armoured personnel carriers of the Cold War|Armoured personnel carriers of South Africa|Bedford vehicles|Cold War military equipment of South Africa|Internal security vehicles|Military vehicles 1970–1979|Police vehicles|Wheeled armoured personnel carriers |
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