| 词条 | HMS St Fermin (1780) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
San Fermín was launched in 1779 and became an armed merchant corvette for the Gipuzkoan Trading Company of Caracas. The British captured her at the Action of 8 January 1780 and took her into the Royal Navy as HMS St Fermin. The Spanish Navy recaptured her in 1781. British serviceAt the time of her capture she was under the command of Captain J. Vin. Eloy Sanchez. Admiral Rodney sent to Britain under the escort of the captured 64-gun ship Guipuzcoano the vessels of the convoy that he had captured on 8 June that were carrying commercial goods. He took with him for the relief of Gibraltar those vessels that carried naval supplies, together with the two smaller captured escorts, Saint Fermin and {{HMS|Saint Vincent|1780|2}}.[2] The British commissioned San Fermin in Gibraltar as the 16-gun sloop of war HMS St Fermin,[3] under Commander Jonathan Faulknor. Despite Rodney's delivery of supplies and reinforcements, Spain's siege of Gibraltar continued. At 1am on 7 June the Spanish launched an attack on Gibraltar by seven fireships. Boats from St Fermin helped tow some of these to where they could do no harm. By the firelight the British observed that some Spanish warships were waiting outside to intercept any British vessels that might try to escape. None did and the attack failed completely.[4] On 19 October St Fermin exchanged shots with some Spanish gunboats. St Fermin was not harmed. {{sfnp|Ancell|1793|p=58}} FateOn the evening of the 3 April 1781 St Fermin sailed from Gibraltar to Menorca with dispatches, together with the tender to {{HMS|Brilliant|1779|2}},{{sfnp|Drinkwater|1786|p=138}} and a settee.{{sfnp|Ancell|1793|p=85}} At the time, the British maintained contact with the British forces there, at least until 1782 when that island fell, by sending small, fast-sailing ships to run the blockade. When St Fermin left, two Spanish square-rigged xebecs immediately set out in pursuit.{{sfnp|Vela (2017)|p=38}} That evening Faulknor saw two vessels approaching and made every effort to escape.{{sfnp|Hepper|1994|p=62}} Even after the moon set the chase continued with the Spaniards sporadically firing their chase guns and St Fermin replying with her stern guns. Just before dawn the two xebecs came within gunshot range and stationed themselves on their quarry's quarters.{{sfnp|Hepper|1994|p=62}} The xebecs were the 26-gun San Antonio under Capitán de Fragata José Herrera-Dávila and the 24-gun San Luis under Teniente de Navío Federico Gravina, manned by more than two hundred men.{{sfnp|Vela (2017)|p=38}} After two broadsides from the San Antonio, Captain Herrera-Dávila prepared to board when Faulknor suddenly struck.{{sfnp|Vela (2017)|p=39}} The action had taken place about 10 miles off Málaga and the Spaniards took her into Cartagena, Spain.{{sfnp|Hepper|1994|p=62}} there they brought her into their naval service as the 16-gun San Fermín. At the time of her capture, St Fermin carried a complement of 138 men.{{sfnp|Vela (2017)|p=38}}[5] Notes, citations, and referencesNotes1. ^Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1. p182. 2. ^{{London Gazette|page=1 |issue=12056|date=8 January 1780}} 3. ^Colledge/Warlow p.352 4. ^{{London Gazette|pages=3–4|issue=12104|date=25 July 1780}} 5. ^St Fermin had on board a complement of 100 men plus 38 soldiers of the garrison of Gibraltar to support the British forces stationed in Menorca. Citations{{reflist|30em}}References
5 : Sloops of the Royal Navy|Maritime incidents in 1781|1750 ships|Privateer ships|Captured ships |
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