“Homography (computer vision)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Homography (computer vision)

释义

3D plane to plane equation
Affine homography
See also
References
External links

In the field of computer vision, any two images of the same planar surface in space are related by a homography (assuming a pinhole camera model). This has many practical applications, such as image rectification, image registration, or computation of camera motion—rotation and translation—between two images. Once camera rotation and translation have been extracted from an estimated homography matrix, this information may be used for navigation, or to insert models of 3D objects into an image or video, so that they are rendered with the correct perspective and appear to have been part of the original scene (see Augmented reality).

3D plane to plane equation

We have two cameras a and b, looking at points in a plane.

Passing from the projection of in b to the projection of in a:

where and are the z coordinates of P in each camera frame and where the homography matrix is given by

.

is the rotation matrix by which b is rotated in relation to a; t is the translation vector from a to b; n and d are the normal vector of the plane and the distance to the plane respectively.

K_a and K_b are the cameras' intrinsic parameter matrices.

The figure shows camera b looking at the plane at distance d.

Note: From above figure, assuming as plane model, is the projection of vector along , and equal to . So . And we have where .

This formula is only valid if camera b has no rotation and no translation. In the general case where and are the respective rotations and translations of camera a and b, and the homography matrix becomes

where d is the distance of the camera b to the plane.

The homography matrix can only be computed between images taken from the same camera shot at different angles. It doesn't matter what is present in the images. The matrix contains a warped form of the images.

Affine homography

When the image region in which the homography is computed is small or the image has been acquired with a large focal length, an affine homography is a more appropriate model of image displacements. An affine homography is a special type of a general homography whose last row is fixed to

References

{{cite journal |

author=O. Chum and T. Pajdla and P. Sturm |

title=The Geometric Error for Homographies |

journal=Computer Vision and Image Understanding |

volume=97 |

pages=86–102 |

year=2005 |

doi=10.1016/j.cviu.2004.03.004

| issue=1}}

External links

Serge Belongie & David Kriegman (2007) Explanation of Homography Estimation from Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego.
A. Criminisi, I. Reid & A. Zisserman (1997) "A Plane Measuring Device", §3 Computing the Plane to Plane Homography, from Visual Geometry Group, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford.
Elan Dubrofsky (2009) [https://www.cs.ubc.ca/grads/resources/thesis/May09/Dubrofsky_Elan.pdf Homography Estimation], Master's thesis, from Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia.
Richard Hartley & Andrew Zisserman (2004) Multiple View Geometry from Visual Geometry Group, Oxford. Includes Matlab Functions for calculating a homography and the fundamental matrix (computer vision).
Manolis Lourakis (2007) homest, a GPL C/C++ library for robust, non-linear (based on the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm) homography estimation from matched point pairs, from Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research %26 Technology – Hellas, Heraklion, Crete.
OpenCV is a complete (open and free) computer vision software library that has many routines related to homography estimation (cvFindHomography) and re-projection (cvPerspectiveTransform).
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjSoI3b-I_w GIMP Tutorial – using the Perspective Tool] by Billy Kerr on YouTube. Shows how to do a perspective transform using GIMP.
Allan Jepson (2010) Planar Homographies from Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto. Includes 2D homography from four pairs of corresponding points, mosaics in image processing, removing perspective distortion in computer vision, rendering textures in computer graphics, and computing planar shadows.
Plane transfer homography Course notes from CSE576 at University of Washington in Seattle.
Etienne Vincent & Robert Laganiere (2000) Detecting Planar Homographies in an Image Pair from School of Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa. Describes an algorithm for detecting planes in images, uses random sample consensus (RANSAC) method, describes heuristics and iteration.

2 : Geometry in computer vision|Functions and mappings

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3D plane to plane equation

Affine homography

See also

References

External links