| 词条 | Hooker Dam |
| 释义 |
Hooker Dam was to be located in Gila National Forest near the boundary of the Gila Wilderness. The proposed reservoir would have extended into the Gila Wilderness.[4] Opposition to the dam came from The Wilderness Society and the Sierra Club, as well as from Arizona, which did not wish for New Mexico to retain the waters of the Gila.[1] The enabling legislation included the phrase "Hooker Dam or a suitable alternative" to pacify conservationists who objected to the project.[5] Acting on a report from the Carter Administration, Congress deleted funding for Hooker Dam in 1978, but left the project authorization in place. A 1982 United States Bureau of Reclamation study indicated that Hooker Dam satisfied no existing need in New Mexico, with a significant environmental impact. As a result, the dam was removed from the CAP by Reclamation.[6] Ground water was expected to satisfy local requirements through 2010, and the dam would impact critical habitat for two species of threatened fish, the spike dace and the loach minnow.[7] A 2004 agreement between Arizona and New Mexico, the Arizona Water Settlements Act of 2004, limited New Mexico's consumption of Gila River water to {{convert|14000|acre.ft|km3}}/year, with stipulations on minimum pass-through flows, all subject to a reserve of {{convert|30000|acre.ft|km3}} in Arizona's San Carlos Lake. New Mexico is to present a plan to develop its rights by 2014; none of the options presently being considered involve a major dam.[1] Water would be diverted from the Gila through perforated pipes in an infiltration gallery, or simply pumped from the river.[8] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|last=Widdison|first=Jerold|title=The Gila River|url=http://uttoncenter.unm.edu/pdfs/WM_Gila_River.pdf|work=Water Matters!|publisher=University of New Mexico|author2=Hilton, Joanne |author3=Kelly, S }} {{coord missing|New Mexico}}2. ^{{cite book|last=Salmon|first=Maynard Hubbard|title=Gila Libre!: New Mexico's Last Wild River|year=2008|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|isbn=978-0-8263-4082-5|page=123}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Central Arizona Project|url=http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Central+Arizona+Project|publisher=U.S. Bureau of Reclamation|accessdate=1 June 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68jVMYgFU?url=http://www.usbr.gov/projects/Project.jsp?proj_Name=Central+Arizona+Project|archivedate=27 June 2012|df=}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Reisner|first=Marc|title=Cadillac Desert: the American West and its disappearing water|year=1993|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-1-4406-7282-8|page=274}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Fradkin|first=Philip L.|title=A River No More: The Colorado River and the West|year=1996|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=0-520-20564-2|page=65}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Zuniga|first=Jennifer E.|title=The Central Arizona Project|url=http://www.usbr.gov/projects//ImageServer?imgName=Doc_1303158888395.pdf|publisher=U.S. Bureau of Reclamation|accessdate=1 June 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301000000/https://www.usbr.gov/projects//ImageServer?imgName=Doc_1303158888395.pdf|archivedate=1 March 2012|df=}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Appendix II: Upper Gila Water Supply Study|url=http://www.ose.state.nm.us/publications/97-98-annual-report/append2.htm#gila|work=New Mexico Office of the State Engineer, Annual Report 1997-1998|accessdate=1 June 2011}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Soussan|first=Tania|title=Gila in Demand|url=http://www.abqjournal.com/news/state/157673nm03-15-04.htm|accessdate=1 June 2011|newspaper=Albuquerque Journal|date=March 15, 2004}} 2 : United States Bureau of Reclamation proposed dams|Buildings and structures in Grant County, New Mexico |
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