“Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York is a Latin Catholic archdiocese in New York State. It encompasses the boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx and Staten Island in New York City and the counties of Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Sullivan, Ulster, and Westchester in New York. The Archdiocese of New York is the second-largest diocese in the United States, encompassing 296 parishes that serve around 2.8 million Catholics in addition to hundreds of Catholic schools, hospitals and charities.^[2]^[3] The Archdiocese also operates the well-known St. Joseph's Seminary, commonly referred to as Dunwoodie. The Archdiocese of New York is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of New York which includes the suffragan dioceses of Albany, Brooklyn, Buffalo, Ogdensburg, Rochester, Rockville Centre and Syracuse.

The Latin name of the archdiocese is Archidioecesis Neo-Eboracensis (Eboracum being the Roman name of York, England), and the corporate name is Archdiocese of New York.

It publishes a bi-weekly newspaper, Catholic New York, the largest of its kind in the United States.^[4]

Prelature

The ordinary of the Archdiocese of New York is an archbishop whose cathedra is The Cathedral of St. Patrick (commonly St. Patrick's Cathedral) in Manhattan, New York. The Archbishop of New York is also the metropolitan of the larger Ecclesiastical Province of New York, which consists of the eight dioceses that comprise the State of New York with the exception of a small portion (Fishers Island) that belongs to the Province of Hartford. As such, the metropolitan archbishop possesses certain limited authority over the suffragan sees of the province (see ecclesiastical province).

R. Luke Concanen became the first Bishop of the (then) Diocese of New York in 1808. The current Archbishop of New York is Timothy Michael Cardinal Dolan.

History

Initially, the territory that now makes up the Archdiocese of New York was part of the Prefecture Apostolic of United States of America which was established on November 26, 1784. On November 6, 1789, the Prefecture was elevated to a diocese and the present territory of the Archdiocese of New York fell under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Baltimore, headed by the first American bishop, John Carroll.^[5]

At the time, there was a dearth of priests to minister to the large territory. The first Roman Catholic Church in New York City was St. Peter's on Barclay Street. The land was purchased from Trinity Church with community donations and a gift of 1,000 pieces of silver from King Charles III of Spain. The church was built in the federal style. Among its regular worshippers were Saint Elizabeth Seton and Venerable Pierre Toussaint.^[6]

On April 8, 1808, the Holy See raised Baltimore to the status of an Archdiocese. At the same time, the dioceses of Philadelphia, Boston, Bardstown (now Louisville, KY) and New York were created as suffragan dioceses of Baltimore. At the time of its establishment, the Diocese of New York covered all of the State of New York, as well as the northeastern New Jersey counties of Sussex, Bergen, Morris, Essex, Somerset, Middlesex, and Monmouth.^[7]

Since the first appointed bishop could not set sail from Italy due to the Napoleonic blockade, a Jesuit priest, Anthony Kohlmann, was appointed administrator. He was instrumental in organizing the diocese and preparing for the Cathedral of St. Patrick to be built on Mulberry Street. Among the difficulties faced by Catholics at the time was anti-Catholic bigotry in general and in the New York school system. A strong Nativist movement sought to keep Catholics out of the country and to prevent those already present from advancing.^[5]

On April 23, 1847 territory was taken from the diocese to form the dioceses of Albany and Buffalo.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] The diocese was elevated to an archdiocese on July 19, 1850. On July 29, 1853 territory was again taken from the diocese, this time to form the Diocese of Newark and the Diocese of Brooklyn.^[12]^[13]^[14] The Bahamas were made a part of the Archdiocese of New York, establishing the first permanent Catholic presence, on July 25, 1885 due to their proximity to New York's busy port. Churches and schools were constructed and administered until The Bahamas' eventual dissociation to form the Prefecture Apostolic of Bahama (now the Archdiocese of Nassau) on March 21, 1929. By 1932, The Bahamas were no longer under the spiritual jurisdiction of New York.^[15]

Archdiocesan demographics

As of 2014 the Catholic population of the Archdiocese is 2,634,624. These Catholics were served by 932 archdiocesan priests and 913 priests of religious orders. Also laboring in the diocese were 359 permanent deacons, 1,493 religious brothers, and 3,153 nuns.^[16]

For comparison, in 1929, the Catholic population of the Archdiocese was 1,273,291 persons. There were 1,314 clergy ministering in the archdiocese and 444 churches. There were also 170,348 children in Catholic educational and welfare institutions.^[17]

In 1959, there were 7,913 nuns and sisters ministering in the Archdiocese, representing 103 different religious orders.

Anniversaries of significance to the archdiocese

Bishops and Prelates

Diocesan bishops

The following is a list of the Roman Catholic bishops and archbishops of New York who have served as the diocesan bishop of New York (and their tenures of service):

Bishops of New York

Archbishops of New York

Auxiliary Bishops of New York

Other bishops who once were priests in the Archdiocese of New York

Churches

Schools

Religious orders

Cemeteries

The following cemeteries are under the auspices of Calvary & Allied Cemeteries, Inc.:

Many parishes have their own cemeteries, or their own sections in private cemeteries. An incomplete list of those cemeteries follows:

Catholic charitable organizations

Saints, blesseds, and venerables of New York

Shrines of New York

Reports of sex abuse

In August 2018, the archdiocese reported that between 2016 and 2018, its Independent Reconciliation and Compensation Program paid nearly $60 million to 278 victims of sex abuse by clergy.^[19] On September 26, 2018, it was reported that the Archdiocese of New York, and the three other dioceses where Theodore McCarrick served as a bishop, were facing an investigation by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops for McCarrick's alleged sex abuse.^[20] On January 28, 2018, the New York state Assembly and Senate passed a law allowing prosecutors to bring criminal charges until a victim turned 28, and permitting victims to sue until age 55.^[21]

Province of New York

See also

References

1. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/09/nyregion/new-york-archdiocese-will-close-7-more-churches.html Newman, Andy. "New York Archdiocese Will Close 7 More Churches", The New York Times, May 8, 2015]
2. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.nyscatholic.org/what-is-the-new-york-state-catholic-conference/new-yorks-catholic-church-how-we-serve/|title = New York's Catholic Church|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = New York State Catholic Conference|last = |first = }}
3. ^{{Cite news|url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/archdiocese-of-new-york-announces-parish-merger-decisions-1431091536|title = Archdiocese of New York Announces Parish Merger Decisions|last = West|first = Melanie|date = May 8, 2015|work = |access-date = |via = |publisher = Wall Street Journal}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.cny.org/|title = Catholic New York|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Archdiocese of New York|last = |first = }}
5. ^¹{{Cite web|url = http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11020a.htm|title = Catholic Encyclopeida: Archdiocese of New York|date = |accessdate = |website = New Advent|publisher = |last = |first = }}
6. ^{{Cite news|url = http://www.ncregister.com/site/article/9-11s-church/#ixzz1cckTh6it|title = 9/11's Church: St. Peter Catholic Church Has Witnessed Pivotal Points of U.S. History|last = Pronechen|first = Joseph|date = September 2, 2011|work = newspaper|access-date = |via = |publisher = National Catholic Register}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url = http://archnyarchives.org/history-of-the-archdiocese-of-new-york/|title = History of the Archdiocese of New York|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Archives of the Archdiocese of New York|last = |first = }}
8. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.rcda.org/history.html|title = History|date = |accessdate = |website = Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany|publisher = |last = |first = }}
9. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dalbn.html|title = Diocese of Albany|date = |accessdate = |website = Catholic Hierarchy|publisher = |last = |first = }}
10. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03037a.htm|title = Buffalo|date = |accessdate = |website = New Advent|publisher = |last = |first = }}
11. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dbuff.html|title = Diocese of Buffalo|date = |accessdate = |website = Catholic Hierarchy|publisher = |last = |first = }}
12. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dnewa.html|title = Archdiocese of Newark|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Catholic Hierarchy|last = |first = }}
13. ^{{Cite web|url = http://rcan.org/offices-and-ministries/history-archives/archdiocesan-history|title = Archdiocesan History|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Archdiocese of Newark|last = |first = }}
14. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dbroo.html|title = Diocese of Brooklyn|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Catholic Hierarchy|last = |first = }}
15. ^{{Cite web|url = http://archnyarchives.org/exhibits/digital-exhibits/patrick-cardinal-hayes-and-the-archdiocese-of-new-york-in-the-bahamas/catholics-in-the-bahamas-a-brief-history/|title = Catholics in the Bahamas: A Brief History|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Archives of the Archdiocese of New York|last = |first = }}
16. ^{{Cite web|title = New York (Archdiocese) [Catholic-Hierarchy]|url = http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dnewy.html|website = www.catholic-hierarchy.org|accessdate = 2015-11-23}}
17. ^{{Cite news|title = TOPICS OF INTEREST TO THE CHURCHGOER; Cardinal Hayes to Sail for Rome Next Month for Ad Limina Visit to the Pope. MINISTERS END VACATIONS Dr. Straton to Resume Work Tomorrow--Bishop Manning DueHome About Sept. 17.|url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B03E1DF173BE533A25754C0A96F9C946895D6CF|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 1929-09-07|access-date = 2015-11-23|issn = 0362-4331}}
18. ^{{cite news |title=Pope Francis accepts resignation of Cardinal McCarrick |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2018-07/pope-francis-cardinal-mccarrick-resignation.html |accessdate=29 July 2018 |agency=Vatican News |publisher=Dicasterium pro Communicatione |date=28 July 2018 |quote=Pope Francis on Saturday accepted the resignation of Cardinal Theodore McCarrick, Archbishop emeritus of Washington (USA), from the cardinalate.}}
19. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cny.org/stories/hard-work-ahead-to-address-spiritual-crisis,17764 |title=Hard Work Ahead to Address 'Spiritual Crisis' |newspaper=Catholic New York |date=August 29, 2018}}
20. ^{{cite news |url=https://cruxnow.com/church-in-the-usa/2018/09/26/bishops-to-investigate-4-dioceses-after-pope-nixes-vatican-mccarrick-probe |title=Bishops to investigate 4 dioceses after Pope nixes Vatican McCarrick probe |website=Crux |first1=Christopher |last1=White |first2=Inés |last2=San Martín |date=September 26, 2018}}
21. ^https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/28/nyregion/child-sex-abuse-victims.html