| 词条 | Hradecky Bridge | ||
| 释义 |
|image=Hradeckega most Ljubljana (1).JPG |caption=The Hradecky Bridge at its current location in Trnovo |bridge_name=Hradecky Bridge, Mortuary Bridge |official_name= |locale=Ljubljana, Slovenia |carries= |crosses=Ljubljanica River |open=1867 |below= |design=cast iron arch bridge |mainspan= |length= {{convert|33|m}} |width= }} The Hradecky Bridge ({{lang-sl|Hradeckega most}}) is one of the first hinged bridges in the world,[1] the first[2] and only preserved cast iron bridge in Slovenia,[3] and one of its most highly valued technical achievements.[4][5] It spans the Ljubljanica River in Ljubljana.[6] At the time of its construction, it was praised as elegant, very modern, and economical.[5] Because it was later used to transport the dead from the Ljubljana hospital to the mortuary, it was nicknamed the Mortuary Bridge ({{lang|sl|Mrtvaški most}}),[2] but has retained its beauty and technical perfection.[5] Throughout history, both names have persisted. Since 2011, it has been located at an extension of Hren Street ({{lang|sl|Hrenova ulica}}) between the Krakovo Embankment ({{lang|sl|Krakovski nasip}}) and the Gruden Embankment ({{lang|sl|Grudnovo nabrežje}}), connecting the Trnovo District and the Prule neighbourhood in the Center District.[6] It has three articulated arches,[2] each of them made of two parts, joined with a bolt by the principle of the charnier arch at the highest point of the arch.[5] Technically, it quite surpasses the Iron Bridge in England.[5] The elements are joined with screws instead of wedges, and reinforcing bars and hollow elements were used instead of full pylons, which has enabled the bridge to be much lighter, but stable.[5] The Hradecky Bridge was manufactured according to the plans of the senior engineer Johann Hermann from Vienna at the Auersperg iron foundry in Dvor near Žužemberk,[5] and was installed as the first cast iron bridge in Ljubljana in 1867, at the location of today's Cobblers' Bridge.[7] It was named after the former Ljubljana mayor Janez Nepomuk Hradecky, who had the most merit for its construction.[5] In 1931, when the architect Jože Plečnik planned the new Cobblers' Bridge,[2] he moved the Hradecky Bridge further down the Ljubljanica near the former Ljubljana mortuary in the vicinity of Zalog Street ({{lang-sl|Zaloška cesta}}).[2] The original gas lamps were replaced with decorative facets.[5] In 2004, it was closed to traffic, and in 2009 a footbridge was built next to it.[2] In 2010, it was removed from the location, renovated, and transferred to its current site in 2011.[4] It is now used only by pedestrians and cyclists. References1. ^{{cite conference |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E7ywmb24EQMC&pg=PA126 |title=World Famous Arch Bridges in Slovenia: 6. Cast Iron Single-Hinged Arch Bridge in Ljubljana (1867) |first=Gorazd |last=Humar |date=September 2001 |publisher=Presses des Ponts |booktitle=Arch'01: troisième Conférence internationale sur les ponts en arc Paris: |editor=Charles Abdunur |pages=126 |location=Paris |isbn=2859783474}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite journal|url=http://www.fa.uni-lj.si/filelib/9_ar/2010/ar_2010_1_clanki_lara_slivnik.pdf |title=Zgradbe z železno oziroma jekleno konstrukcijo v Sloveniji |language=Slovenian, English |trans-title=Buildings with iron and steel structures in Slovenia |first=Lara |last=Slivnik |year=2010 |issue=1 |journal=AR: Arhitektura, raziskave [Architecture, Research] |issn=1581-6974 |editor=Juvanec, Borut |publisher=Inštitut za arhitekturo in prostor, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Univerza v Ljubljani [Institute for Architecture and Space, Faculty of Architecture, University of Ljubljana] |pages=38–39 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730145753/https://www.fa.uni-lj.si/filelib/9_ar/2010/ar_2010_1_clanki_lara_slivnik.pdf |archivedate=2013-07-30 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.geopedia.si/?params=T105_L7644_F293#T105_L7644_F293_x463610_y101049_s17_b4 |title=Točke Poljanskega predmestja |at=Hradeckega most [Hradecky Bridge] |language=Slovenian |trans-title=The Points of the Poljane Suburb |work=Geopedia.si |publisher=Synergise, d. o. o.}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.ljubljana.si/en/municipality/news/72280/detail.html |title=Hradecki Bridge |date=12 May 2011 |work=Ljubljana.si |publisher=Municipality of Ljubljana}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite article |url=http://www.delo.si/druzba/znanost/tretje-zivljenje-mostu-hradeckega-cez-ljubljanico.html |title=Tretje življenje mostu Hradeckega čez Ljubljanico |language=Slovenian |trans-title=The Third Life of the Hradecky Bridge over the Ljubljanica |date=12 May 2011 |first=Milan |last=Trbižan |newspaper=Delo.si |issn=1854-6544 |id={{COBISS|ID=256579584}}}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://giskd2s.situla.org/rkd/Opis.asp?Esd=365 |title=365: Ljubljana - Hradeckega most |language=Slovenian |trans-title=365: Ljubljana - The Hradecky Bridge |work=Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage |publisher=Ministry of Culture, Slovenia |accessdate=13 March 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319064442/https://giskd2s.situla.org/rkd/Opis.asp?Esd=365 |archivedate=19 March 2013 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.geopedia.si/?params=T105_L7452_F1330#T105_L7452_F1330_x462113_y100591_s17_b4 |title=Prestolnica Ljubljana nekoč in danes: Čevljarski most |trans-title=A pictorial chronicle of a capital city: Shoemaker's Bridge |work=Geopedia.si |first=Marko |last=Habič |publisher=National Publishing House of Slovenia. Sinergise, d. o. o. |year=1997 |isbn=8634120074}} External links
5 : Bridges in Ljubljana|Bridges completed in 1867|Cast-iron arch bridges|Bridges over the Ljubljanica|Arch bridges in Slovenia |
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