“H. S. Wong”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

H. S. "Newsreel" Wong (1900 – March 9, 1981) was a Chinese newsreel photojournalist. He is most notable for "Bloody Saturday",^[1] a moment he captured on film during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

Wong was also known as Wang Haisheng ({{zh|王海升}}) or Wang Xiaoting ({{zh|王小亭}}).^[2] He owned a camera shop in Shanghai.^[1] For capturing moving images he used an Eyemo newsreel camera, and for still photography he used a Leica.

Career

In the 1920s and 1930s, H. S. Wong worked in China and provided photographs and films for various newspapers and agencies, such as Hearst Metrotone News and Shanghai News.^[2]^[3] Wong's most famous photo, "Bloody Saturday" or "Shanghai Baby", was taken during the Battle of Shanghai in the Second Sino-Japanese War. It shows a baby sitting up and crying amid the bombed-out wreckage of Shanghai South Railway Station.^[2]^[3] Within a year of its publishing, the photo was seen by more than 136 million people.^[4] In 2010, Wong was honored as a pioneering Asian-American journalist by the Asian American Journalists Association.^[5]

Wong filmed more newsreels covering Japanese attacks in China, including the Battle of Xuzhou in May 1938 and aerial bombings in Guangzhou in June.^[6] At times, he placed himself in danger to get a photo; once was subjected to bombing and strafing by Japanese aircraft.^[7] After angering the Japanese by documenting the violence of their attacks, the Japanese government put a bounty of $50,000 on his head.^[8] In China, he operated under British protection, but continued death threats from Japanese nationalists drove him to leave Shanghai with his family and to relocate to Hong Kong.^[9]

Later life and death

Wong retired to Taipei in the 1970s and died of diabetes at his home at the age of 81 on March 9, 1981.^[10]

References

1. ^¹{{cite journal |date=September 13, 1937 |title=Cinema: Shanghai, Shambl |journal=Time |publisher=Time, Inc. |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,770870,00.html}}
2. ^¹²{{cite web|url=http://imagecoffee.net/content.asp?noxcv=459|title=王小亭 1900~1983|work=《他們是歷史的目擊者》─民國40年代台灣攝影記者作品展|publisher=imagecoffee.net |language=Chinese|accessdate=9 July 2011}}
3. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.atj.org.tw/newscon1.asp?page=prev1243|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235105/http://www.atj.org.tw/newscon1.asp?page=prev1243|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2007-09-27|title=王小亭"觀看"的力量|author=邢定威　|date=2005-09-01|publisher=台灣記協 (Association of Taiwan Journalists)|language=Chinese|accessdate=9 July 2011}}
4. ^{{cite book |last=Van der Veen |first=Maurits |title=Uriel's Legacy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gz0h6n8yuOAC&pg=PA262 |year=2003 |publisher=Trafford Publishing |isbn=1-55395-462-9 |page=262}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://aaja-la.org/2010/12/honor-roll-list-pioneers-past-and-present/|title=Honor Roll List: Pioneers, past and present|date=December 24, 2010|publisher=Asian American Journalists Association|accessdate=January 18, 2011}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cinema.ucla.edu/Prelude/1938.html |title=Library Contents Listed Year-by-Year: 1938 |work=The 1930s: Prelude to War Video Library |publisher=UCLA Film and Television Archive |accessdate=January 18, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104081844/http://www.cinema.ucla.edu/Prelude/1938.html |archivedate=January 4, 2011 |df= }}
7. ^{{cite book |title=Get That Picture! – The Story of the News Cameraman |last=Ezickson |first=A. J. |publisher=National Library Press |location=New York |year=1938 |page=148 |url=https://archive.org/stream/getthatpicturest00ezicrich#page/148/mode/1up}}
8. ^{{cite book |last=French |first=Paul |title=Through the looking glass: China's foreign journalists from opium wars to Mao |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sM0O9oqGK8sC&pg=PA192 |year=2009 |publisher=Hong Kong University Press |isbn=962-209-982-3 |page=192}}
9. ^{{cite book |last=Faber |first=John |title=Great news photos and the stories behind them |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DqwLVaPdDgoC&pg=PA74&dq=%22I+noticed+that+my+shoes+were+soaked+with+blood.%22&hl=en&ei=u3g1TdHRO4z2tgPv7OD9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22I%20noticed%20that%20my%20shoes%20were%20soaked%20with%20blood.%22&f=false |edition=2 |year=1978 |publisher=Courier Dover Publications |isbn=0-486-23667-6 |pages=74–75}}
10. ^{{cite news |url=http://taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xitem=119988&ctnode=124&mp=9 |title='Newsreel' Wang succumbs at 81 |date=May 1, 1981 |work=Taiwan Today |publisher=Government Information Office, Republic of China (Taiwan) |accessdate=January 18, 2011}}