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词条 Roma, Queensland
释义

  1. Geography

  2. History

  3. Heritage listings

  4. Climate

     Flooding 

  5. Industry and economy

     Agriculture  Oil and Gas  Water  Employment 

  6. Media

  7. Tourist attractions

  8. Amenities

  9. Education

     Roma State College  St. John's School 

  10. Sport

  11. Military History

  12. Notable people

  13. See also

  14. References

  15. External links

{{Use Australian English|date=August 2014}}{{Not to be confused with Romá}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}{{Infobox Australian place
| type = town
| name = Roma
| state = qld
| image = Roma Overhead.jpg
| caption = Aerial view of Roma
| lga = Maranoa Region
| postcode = 4455
| est = 1867
| pop = 6848
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}}
| pop_footnotes =[1]
| elevation= 299.4
| coordinates = {{coord|26|34|24|S|148|47|12|E|display=inline,title}}
| maxtemp = 27.7
| mintemp = 12.7
| rainfall = 591.5
| stategov = Warrego
| fedgov = Maranoa
| dist1 = 479
| location1= Brisbane
| dist2 = 355
| location2= Toowoomba
| near-n = Orange Hill
| near-ne = Euthulla
| near-e = Euthulla
| near-se = Tingun
| near-s = Bungil
| near-sw = Bungil
| near-w = Dargal Road
| near-nw = Euthulla
}}

Roma (English: Rome) is a town, locality and the administrative centre in the Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia.[1][2] The town was incorporated in 1867 and is named after Lady Diamantina Bowen (née di Rome), the wife of Sir George Bowen, the Governor of Queensland at the time. At the {{CensusAU|2016}}, Roma had a population of 6,848.[3].

Geography

Roma is in the Maranoa district of South West Queensland, Australia, {{convert|515|km|mi|abbr=on}} by rail WNW of Brisbane. It is situated at the junction of the Warrego and Carnarvon highways. It is the centre of a rich pastoral and wheat-growing district.[4]

History

Prior the European settlement the Aboriginal peoples of the Mandandanji Nation occupied this region.[5][6]

Roma was named after Lady Diamantina Bowen (Contessa Diamantina di Roma), wife of the first Governor of Queensland, George Bowen,[7] in 1867. In 1863 Samuel Symons Bassett brought Queensland's vine cuttings to Roma and established the Romaville Winery and a century later, Roma was the site of Australia's first oil and gas discoveries.[8]

Captain Starlight, a cattle rustler, was tried and acquitted in the Roma Courthouse in February 1873.[9] No successful conviction for cattle rustling has been made in Roma.

Heritage listings

Roma has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

  • 75 Arthur Street: State Butchers Shop[10]
  • 42 Bungil Street: Roma Government Complex (former Roma State School)[11]
  • 38–44 Hawthorne Street: Hibernian Hall[12]
  • McDowall Street: Roma Court House and Police Buildings[13]
  • 86 McDowell Street: Hunter's Emporium[14]
  • 77 Northern Road: Romavilla Winery[15]
  • Warrego Highway, Bungeworgorai: Mount Abundance Homestead[16]
  • Wyndham Street: War Memorial and Heroes Avenue[17]

Climate

Roma has a humid subtropical climate, which gets enough precipitation to avoid the semi-arid climate. Its location on the far south of the Carnarvon Range at an elevation of 299 metres above sea level means that it is cooler and wetter than the plains to the south and west, while being warmer and drier than areas to the north and east.

Temperatures in Roma range from 34 °C in summer to 20 °C in winter and winter minimums can drop below freezing; however, it seldom gets colder than −3 °C. Rainfall is mild and distributed fairly evenly throughout the year, with an annual average of 587.9 mm (23.15 in), however it peaks in summer due to frequent showers and thunderstorms. Roma is usually too far inland to experience the influence of tropical cyclones and monsoonal rain depressions, however there are exceptions, and these systems have caused significant flooding in the town.

Extremes have ranged from 45.8 °C (115.2 °F) to −5.8 °C (23.4 °F).[18][19]


{{Weather box
|location = Roma (Roma Airport 1985–2014)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 45.8
|Feb record high C = 45.0
|Mar record high C = 42.9
|Apr record high C = 36.7
|May record high C = 33.2
|Jun record high C = 31.9
|Jul record high C = 29.7
|Aug record high C = 36.5
|Sep record high C = 40.1
|Oct record high C = 41.9
|Nov record high C = 43.3
|Dec record high C = 45.5
|year record high C = 45.8
|Jan high C = 34.3
|Feb high C = 32.8
|Mar high C = 31.6
|Apr high C = 28.1
|May high C = 23.9
|Jun high C = 20.4
|Jul high C = 20.3
|Aug high C = 22.6
|Sep high C = 26.5
|Oct high C = 29.8
|Nov high C = 32.1
|Dec high C = 33.3
|year high C = 28.0
|Jan low C = 20.9
|Feb low C = 20.0
|Mar low C = 17.4
|Apr low C = 12.4
|May low C = 7.8
|Jun low C = 5.3
|Jul low C = 3.9
|Aug low C = 4.8
|Sep low C = 9.4
|Oct low C = 13.4
|Nov low C = 17.3
|Dec low C = 19.4
|year low C = 12.7
|Jan record low C = 11.2
|Feb record low C = 9.5
|Mar record low C = 4.3
|Apr record low C = -0.6
|May record low C = -2.9
|Jun record low C = -4.5
|Jul record low C = -5.5
|Aug record low C = -5.8
|Sep record low C = -3.5
|Oct record low C = 1.4
|Nov record low C = 4.2
|Dec record low C = 7.8
|year record low C = -5.8
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 71.5
|Feb rain mm = 86.7
|Mar rain mm = 56.9
|Apr rain mm = 33.5
|May rain mm = 33.7
|Jun rain mm = 29.8
|Jul rain mm = 22.9
|Aug rain mm = 23.8
|Sep rain mm = 27.2
|Oct rain mm = 49.8
|Nov rain mm = 60.0
|Dec rain mm = 81.3
|Jan rain days = 6.6
|Feb rain days = 7.7
|Mar rain days = 4.5
|Apr rain days = 3.8
|May rain days = 4.8
|Jun rain days = 4.8
|Jul rain days = 4.2
|Aug rain days = 3.7
|Sep rain days = 4.3
|Oct rain days = 5.7
|Nov rain days = 7.4
|Dec rain days = 8.2
|unit rain days = 0.2mm
|humidity colour=green
|Jan humidity = 34
|Feb humidity = 41
|Mar humidity = 34
|Apr humidity = 33
|May humidity = 37
|Jun humidity = 41
|Jul humidity = 38
|Aug humidity = 31
|Sep humidity = 27
|Oct humidity = 28
|Nov humidity = 32
|Dec humidity = 33
|year humidity = 34
|source 1 = Bureau of Meteorology[18]
|date=June 2014}}

Flooding

The town is situated on Bungil Creek, a tributary of the Condamine River. In March 2010, Roma experienced its worst floods in over 100 years. Flooding also occurred in April 2011, a year of record rainfall in Roma.[20] In early February 2012, Roma was devastated by its worst floods in history, eclipsing the level reached in 2010; 444 homes were inundated, twice as many that were flooded in the two previous years.[21]

Having experienced three successive years of flooding, in May 2012, one insurer, Suncorp, announced it would not issue new policies to Roma residents, unless action was taken to mitigate the flood risk in Roma.[22]

Industry and economy

Roma is the major provisional centre for the Maranoa District, South West Queensland for government and industry business. It is on the western fringe of the Surat Basin energy / resources boom.

Agriculture

The Maranoa's agriculture industry is worth approximately $620 million annually, 64.3% being generated from crops. 58.7% of businesses in the Maranoa are in the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector, which employs 32.7% of the region's workforce.[23] 2005 was a record year for Roma saleyards processing 390,000 head of cattle. Roma is home to the largest store cattle saleyards in the Southern Hemisphere. We sell heaps and offer tours on saledays, which are Tuesday (for the big sales) and Thursday (for the fat cattle) [24] Forestry plantations include Hardwood and Cypress Pines. Roma and the Maranoa region is home to Australia's most active native Cypress Pine sawmilling.[25]

Oil and Gas

In 1906 natural gas was used for lighting in Roma. The industry has expanded as more reserves were discovered.

Origin Energy's Spring Gully Coal Seam Gas Development is about {{convert|80|km|mi}} north of Roma and its projects include an {{convert|87|km|mi}} gas pipeline to Roma's neighbour town of Wallumbilla to connect with the {{convert|434|km|mi}} Roma-to-Brisbane gas pipeline hub there.[26] Origin Energy is proposing Spring Gully Power Station as an $870 Million, 1,000 MW power station that will provide electricity to South-East Queensland. With a base at the Spring Gully CSG site, the power station will have the benefit of being close to the source of gas and able to use the waste-water left over from the other CSG operations.

Santos GLNG, is developing CSG fields in the district and is undertaking the project on behalf of a joint venture arrangement with Santos Limited, Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS), Total, and Korean Gas Corporation (KOGAS). The projects are spatially intensive and include production and monitoring wells, underground gas storage, injection wells, fixed above-ground gas field facilities, water management infrastructure, and above and below-ground gas and water pipelines.[27]

Water

The groundbreaking study, known as the Roma Managed Aquifer Recharge Study, is the first of its kind in Australia. It is also considered experimental in nature as the risks are largely unknown. The Roma CSG Field pilot trial (Hermitage) Stage 4 is in operation (Completed Q4 2012) and Roma CSG Field (The Bend) Stage 4 operation is due to commence Q3/Q4 2014. The project will allow for the injection of up to 24

ML/d of treated coal seam gas water into the Gubberamunda Sandstone aquifer for up to 20 years[28]

In 2010, a SANTOS project study investigated the possibility of introducing treated CSG produce water into Roma's existing underground aquifer which supplies the town's water needs, including drinking water [29] Water bores have been shut down and hence been restarted at nearby Wallumbilla due to methane being detected in the Gubberamunda Sandstone aquifer (2014).[30][31] Bore water for the town is obtained from the Artesian Basin.[32]

Employment

Roma has a relatively low unemployment rate of 2.9% in 2004.[33]

The town has quite a large service industry. With a number of restaurants and bars opening up in recent years.

It is estimated that the population of the town has doubled since the last census due to all the mining work and support industries.

The area is also becoming a large manufacturing hub for the mining industry with a large number of businesses opening up in the area.

Media

4ZR is Roma's local radio station, broadcasting on 1476 AM.[35] The Western Star is Roma's local newspaper.[36]

Tourist attractions

Local tourist attractions include the Big Rig and Oil and Gas Museum, Romavilla Winery and Roma Saleyards. The winery is the oldest in Queensland.[37] To the north of the town is Carnarvon Gorge in Carnarvon National Park. Over the Easter period, Roma holds an Easter in the Country event. The Roma Show is also held around Easter.

Amenities

Hotels, pubs, and churches feature prominently near the centre of town. The ten hotels are within easy walking distance with most adjacent to another hotel.[38] St Paul's Anglican Church[39] which is part of the Anglican Diocese of Brisbane, is a copy of a 13th Century English Church in the shape of crucifix.

Roma has a range of facilities open to the general public. These include a public library, swimming pool, golf course, bowling green, Bassett Park showground, visitor information centre and a number of sporting clubs and civic facilities.

The Roma Public Library is situated with the Roma Community Arts Centre located at 38-44 Hawthorne Street[40] and is part of the Maranoa Regional Council Library Service. The Maranoa Regional Council Library Service is part of the Rural Libraries Queensland service with online resources and library collections found at the Rural Libraries Queensland sebsite. Public WiFi is provided.[41]

The Roma branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association has its rooms at 57 Arthur Street.[42]

The Roma Airport has regular flights from Brisbane.

Education

There are two schools in Roma, one is a state government run school called Roma State College, the other one is non-government religious school called St. John's School.

Roma State College

Roma State College is a co-educational Grade 1 to Year 12 College operating from three separate campuses: Junior Campus; Middle Campus and the Senior Campus.[43] A Special Education Program embracing the full range of disabilities operates across all campuses.[44] The College opened on 1 January 2006 as an amalgamation of Roma Junior School and Roma Middle School, and the addition of a new senior component.[45]

Roma State School, the first school in Roma, opened on 21 March 1870 and closed on 31 December 1986.[45]

St. John's School

St John's School, a Year P to 12 co-educational Roman Catholic School, was established by the Sisters of Mercy in 1881.[44][46]

Sport

'Cities' is a rugby league team that plays in the Roma and District rugby league football competition. Both their B grade and A grade sides recently enjoy back to back premierships with the a grade side winning undefeated in 2017, Darren Lockyer was once captain of this team, and it was in this team that he was then scouted for the Brisbane Broncos. The 'Roma Tomatoes' mixed-gender Touch Rugby team was founded in 2009.

Roma has a rugby union team which compete in the Darling Downs Rugby Union competition, against such teams as the University of Southern Queensland Rugby Union Club, Toowoomba Rangers Rugby Union Club, Toowoomba City Rugby Club, Roma Echidnas, the Condamine Cods, the Dalby Wheatmen, the Goondiwindi Emus, the Warwick Water Rats and the University of Queensland Rugby Union Club (Gatton Campus).

Military History

During World War 2, Roma was the location of RAAF No.22 Inland Aircraft Fuel Depot (IAFD), completed in 1942 and closed on 29 August 1944. Usually consisting of 4 tanks, 31 fuel depots were built across Australia for the storage and supply of aircraft fuel for the RAAF and the US Army Air Forces at a total cost of £900,000 ($1,800,000).[47]

Notable people

  • Arthur Beetson, Australian rugby league captain and an "Immortal"
  • Willie Carne, Australian rugby league international
  • Albert Fuller Ellis, phosphate prospector
  • Malcolm Farr, Political journalist and commentator
  • Wally Fullerton-Smith, Australian rugby league international
  • Ray Higgs, Australian rugby league international
  • Patrick Holland, novelist
  • Darren Lockyer, Australian rugby league captain
  • Fabian "Fabe" McCarthy, Australian rugby union international
  • Ray Meagher, actor, and amateur rugby player
  • Dominic Miller, Australian legendary folklore hero and lead singer of Rocketsmiths
  • Bruce Scott, politician
  • Brent Tate, Australian rugby league international

See also

{{Portal|Queensland}}
  • Roma Airport
  • Hospital Hill fire

References

1. ^{{cite QPN|28969|Roma|town|accessdate=17 August 2016}}
2. ^{{cite QPN|47453|Roma|locality|accessdate=17 August 2016}}
3. ^1 {{Census 2016 AUS|id=UCL314019 |name=Roma (Urban Centre/Locality) |accessdate=16 May 2018 |quick=on}}
4. ^{{Cite web| author1=Queensland. Survey Office.| title=Map of the Roma wheat and sheep lands | publication-date=1923| publisher=Survey Office, Dept. of Public Lands| url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-324866844 | accessdate=23 January 2017 }}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://mandandanji.com.au/mandandanji/|title=Mandandanji People|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8 October 2018}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.qrme.org.au/medical-students/towns/roma.html|title=Roma|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8 October 2018}}
7. ^{{cite journal|journal=Public History Review|date=2006|volume=12|first=Paul|last=Ashton|pages=120–122|title=Australians and Greeks: Volume III: The Later Years By Hugh Gilchrist. Sydney: Halstead Press, 2004; PP432 notes, {{sic|append|icies}}, bibliography, index; clothbound, $49.95}}
8. ^(2010). Roma Tourism Guide and Travel Deals {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226171337/http://www.discoveraustralia.com.au/queensland/roma.html |date=26 February 2011 }}. Roma Tourism. Kalhaven Group. Retrieved on 27 April 2012.
9. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1309393 |title=ROMA DISTRICT COURT. |newspaper=The Brisbane Courier |date=18 February 1873 |accessdate=23 October 2013 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}
10. ^{{cite QHR|16975|State Butchers Shop (former)|602155|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
11. ^{{cite QHR|16299|Roma Government Complex|601536|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
12. ^{{cite QHR|17006|Hibernian Hall|601689|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
13. ^{{cite QHR|16048|Roma Court House and Police Buildings|601285|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
14. ^{{cite QHR|16512|Hunter's Emporium (former)|601775|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
15. ^{{cite QHR|16504|Romavilla Winery|601767|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
16. ^{{cite QHR|15146|Mount Abundance Homestead|600371|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
17. ^{{cite QHR|15599|War Memorial and Heroes Avenue|600824|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
18. ^1 {{BoM Aust stats|site_ref=cw_043091_All|site_name=ROMA AIRPORT|accessdate=7 January 2014|date=January 2014}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/dwo/201401/html/IDCJDW4104.201401.shtml|title=January 2014 Daily Weather Observations|publisher=|accessdate=14 April 2018|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107155022/http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/dwo/201401/html/IDCJDW4104.201401.shtml|archivedate=7 January 2014|df=dmy-all}}
20. ^{{cite news|title=Extreme flooding hits Roma, Queensland, with 400 homes and properties expected to be submerged|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/qldthree-people-rescued-from-roma-floods-floods-roma-4th-update-pix-available/story-e6frg6nf-1226041566943|accessdate=22 October 2013|newspaper=The Australian|date=19 April 2011|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307092226/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/qldthree-people-rescued-from-roma-floods-floods-roma-4th-update-pix-available/story-e6frg6nf-1226041566943|archivedate=7 March 2014|df=dmy-all}}
21. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-02-08/clean-up-gathers-pace-in-queensland/3819074 |title=Queensland flood clean-up gathers pace |accessdate=27 April 2012 |date=10 February 2012 |work=ABC News |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414084942/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-02-08/clean-up-gathers-pace-in-queensland/3819074 |archivedate=14 April 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
22. ^{{cite news|last=Jabour|first=Bridie|title=Suncorp refuses to insure Queensland towns|url=http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/suncorp-refuses-to-insure-queensland-towns-20120507-1y7nj.html|accessdate=22 October 2013|newspaper=Brisbane Times|date=7 May 2012|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225084143/http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/suncorp-refuses-to-insure-queensland-towns-20120507-1y7nj.html|archivedate=25 December 2013|df=dmy-all}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sdi.qld.gov.au/dsdweb/v3/guis/templates/content/gui_cue_cntnhtml.cfm?id=21072|title=Maranoa|publisher=|accessdate=17 August 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060910041347/http://www.sdi.qld.gov.au/dsdweb/v3/guis/templates/content/gui_cue_cntnhtml.cfm?id=21072|archivedate=10 September 2006|df=dmy-all}}
24. ^{{cite news|date=25 May 2005|url=http://www.abc.net.au/rural/content/2005/s1376748.htm|title=Record year for Roma saleyards|website=ABC Rural|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=27 April 2012|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103140638/http://www.abc.net.au/rural/content/2005/s1376748.htm|archivedate=3 November 2012|df=dmy-all}}
25. ^Future challenges {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050530081727/http://www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/forestrybook/16610.html |date=30 May 2005 }}
26. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/87958|title=ACCC releases its final decision for the Wallumbilla to Brisbane Gas Pipeline|last=|first=|date=22 February 2013|website=|publisher=Australian Competition and Consumer Commission|access-date=17 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309163040/http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/87958|archivedate=9 March 2012|df=dmy-all}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dsdip.qld.gov.au/assessments-and-approvals/santos-glng-gas-field-development-project.html|title=Santos GLNG Gas Field Development Project|publisher=|accessdate=17 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302110916/http://www.dsdip.qld.gov.au/assessments-and-approvals/santos-glng-gas-field-development-project.html|archivedate=2 March 2015|df=dmy-all}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.santoswaterportal.com.au/media/pdf1873/140328_santos_glng_cwmmp_annual_report_2013.pdf|title=Santos - Water Portal|website=www.santoswaterportal.com.au|accessdate=14 April 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017050749/http://www.santoswaterportal.com.au/media/pdf1873/140328_santos_glng_cwmmp_annual_report_2013.pdf|archivedate=17 October 2014|df=dmy-all}}
29. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.santos.com/blog/archive/2010/11/16/aquifer_recharge.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-10-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015180140/http://www.santos.com/blog/archive/2010/11/16/aquifer_recharge.aspx |archivedate=15 October 2014 |df=dmy-all }}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qt.com.au/news/contamination-is-confirmed/2219462/|title=Water contamination may be linked to coal seam gas wells|publisher=|accessdate=17 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043021/http://www.qt.com.au/news/contamination-is-confirmed/2219462/|archivedate=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shine.com.au/methane-contaminated-town-water-wallumbilla/|title=Methane Contaminated Town Water in Wallumbilla - Shine Lawyers|date=27 May 2014|publisher=|accessdate=17 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151009141603/https://www.shine.com.au/methane-contaminated-town-water-wallumbilla/|archivedate=9 October 2015|df=dmy-all}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nrw.qld.gov.au/water/gab/|title=The Great Artesian Basin|publisher=|accessdate=14 April 2018|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080629172740/http://www.nrw.qld.gov.au/water/gab/|archivedate=29 June 2008|df=dmy-all}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/LGA36400Economy12000-2004?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=LGA36400&issue=2000-2004&num=&view=|title=ABS employment figure|publisher=|accessdate=14 April 2018|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001082431/http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/LGA36400Economy12000-2004?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=LGA36400&issue=2000-2004&num=&view=|archivedate=1 October 2007|df=dmy-all}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://localstats.qpzm.com.au/stats/qld/western/south-western/roma|title=Roma Demographics (QLD) Local Stats|publisher=|accessdate=17 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524084706/http://localstats.qpzm.com.au/stats/qld/western/south-western/roma|archivedate=24 May 2015|df=dmy-all}}
35. ^1476 4ZR AM website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091030055526/http://4zr.com.au/ |date=30 October 2009 }}, Resonate Broadcasting. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
36. ^The Western Star {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014210/http://apnap.com.au/newspapers/community/4675.html |date=8 March 2010 }}. APN News Media. Retrieved on 27 April 2012.
37. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/rural/news/content/201104/s3196584.htm |title=Roma floods hit winery |accessdate=27 April 2012 |date=20 April 2011 |work=ABC Rural |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423091000/http://www.abc.net.au/rural/news/content/201104/s3196584.htm |archivedate=23 April 2011 |df=dmy-all }}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.cs-pa-HTTP%253A%252F%252FENC.SLQ.QLD.GOV.AU%252FLOGICROUTER%252FSERVLET%252FLOGICROUTER%253FPAGE%253DOBJECT%2526OUTPUTXSL%253DOBJECT_ENC36UI.XSLT%2526PM_RC%253DPICTQLD%2526PM_OI%253D37496%2526API_1%253DGET_OBJECT_XML%2526NUM_RESULT%253D0|title=School of Arts Hotel, Roma|publisher=|accessdate=14 April 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304232645/http://nla.gov.au/nla.cs-pa-HTTP%253A%252F%252FENC.SLQ.QLD.GOV.AU%252FLOGICROUTER%252FSERVLET%252FLOGICROUTER%253FPAGE%253DOBJECT%2526OUTPUTXSL%253DOBJECT_ENC36UI.XSLT%2526PM_RC%253DPICTQLD%2526PM_OI%253D37496%2526API_1%253DGET_OBJECT_XML%2526NUM_RESULT%253D0|archivedate=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.cs-pa-HTTP%253A%252F%252FENC.SLQ.QLD.GOV.AU%252FLOGICROUTER%252FSERVLET%252FLOGICROUTER%253FPAGE%253DOBJECT%2526OUTPUTXSL%253DOBJECT_ENC36UI.XSLT%2526PM_RC%253DPICTQLD%2526PM_OI%253D10241%2526API_1%253DGET_OBJECT_XML%2526NUM_RESULT%253D0|title=St. Paul's Church of England in Roma,|publisher=|accessdate=14 April 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120648/http://nla.gov.au/nla.cs-pa-HTTP%253A%252F%252FENC.SLQ.QLD.GOV.AU%252FLOGICROUTER%252FSERVLET%252FLOGICROUTER%253FPAGE%253DOBJECT%2526OUTPUTXSL%253DOBJECT_ENC36UI.XSLT%2526PM_RC%253DPICTQLD%2526PM_OI%253D10241%2526API_1%253DGET_OBJECT_XML%2526NUM_RESULT%253D0|archivedate=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}
40. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/visit-us/find-a-public-library/branches/maranoa/roma_library|title=Queensland Public Libraries Directory|last=|first=|date=|website=Public Libraries Connect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408004239/http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/visit-us/find-a-public-library/branches/maranoa/roma_library|archive-date=8 April 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=29 January 2018|df=dmy-all}}
41. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/388497/SLQ_StatsBulletin1617_20171109.pdf|title=Queensland Public Libraries Statistical Bulletin 2-16-17|last=|first=|date=November 2017|website=Public Libraries Connect|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130022546/http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/388497/SLQ_StatsBulletin1617_20171109.pdf|archive-date=30 January 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=29 January 2018|df=dmy-all}}
42. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|title=Branch locations|last=|first=|date=|website=Queensland Country Women's Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010724/http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|archive-date=26 December 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=26 December 2018}}
43. ^{{Cite web|url=https://romasc.eq.edu.au|title=Roma State College|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Roma State College|language=en|access-date=29 January 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615220326/http://romasc.eq.edu.au/|archivedate=15 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}
44. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.myschool.edu.au/MainPages/SchoolProfileRep.aspx?SDRSchoolId=40767&DEEWRId=0&CalendarYear=2011&RefId=fVdwEjrI6iyex5JxqhIE6w%3d%3d |title= My school |publisher= Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) |accessdate= 29 November 2012 }}{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=Kerry Raymond |fix-attempted=yes }}
45. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://education.qld.gov.au/library/edhistory/celebrations/dates/q.html|title=Opening and closing dates of Queensland schools|last=|first=|date=|website=education.qld.gov.au|publisher=|language=en-AU|access-date=28 January 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208080254/http://education.qld.gov.au/library/edhistory/celebrations/dates/q.html|archivedate=8 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}
46. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.twb.catholic.edu.au/our-schools/primary-schools/roma/st-johns-school/|title=St John's School|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Roman Catholic Diocese of Toowoomba Catholic Schools|access-date=29 January 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202044306/http://www.twb.catholic.edu.au/our-schools/primary-schools/roma/st-johns-school/|archivedate=2 February 2017|df=dmy-all}}
47. ^{{Citation | author1 = Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Historical Section | title = Logistics units | publication-date = 1995 | publisher = AGPS Press | isbn = 978-0-644-42798-2}}

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Roma
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20050619032221/http://www.coderegistrar.sa.gov.au/pipe_qld/qld_trans.pdf Queensland Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines] (map)
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060307100212/http://www.energy.qld.gov.au/gas_transmission_and_distribution.cfm Queensland Gas Transmission and Distribution] (government department of energy)
  • {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Roma|short=x}}
{{Maranoa Region}}

4 : Maranoa Region|Populated places established in 1867|1867 establishments in Australia|Roma, Queensland
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