| 词条 | Hugh Wyndham (diplomat) |
| 释义 |
Sir George Hugh Wyndham {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KCMG|CB|JP}} (18 November 1836 – 10 February 1916) was a British diplomat who was minister to Serbia, Brazil and Romania. CareerGeorge Hugh Wyndham was educated at Harrow School and Exeter College, Oxford[1] and entered the Diplomatic Service in 1857. He accompanied Sir Frederick Bruce to China in 1859 and stayed there for two years. He then served as consul-general at Warsaw and subsequently as Secretary of the legations or embassies at Athens, Madrid, St Petersburg and Constantinople (where in 1883 it fell to him, as Chargé d'Affaires to the Sublime Porte, to sign a declaration amending the convention for the suppression of the slave trade that had been agreed between the UK government and the Sultan of Turkey in 1880[2]). Wyndham was promoted to be Minister Resident to the King of Serbia in 1885[3] and upgraded to Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in the following year.[4] In 1888 he was moved to be minister to Brazil[5] and remained there until mid-1894. During this period he witnessed a bloodless military coup on November 1889 that overthrew the Empire of Brazil, exiled the last Emperor, Pedro II and established a republic. However, British citizens and property in Brazil were not at risk and although Britain did not yet recognise the new republic, Wyndham remained in Rio de Janeiro maintaining unofficial relations with the new government until December 1890 when he returned to England on "leave of absence"[6] until May 1891 when the UK government established full diplomatic relations with the provisional government of the United States of Brazil. Wyndham was still at Rio when the second Brazilian Naval Revolt broke out in September 1893. During the six-month revolt Wyndham and the US ambassador, Thomas L. Thompson, generally maintained British and American neutrality although the presence of Royal Navy and US Navy warships prevented the rebels from achieving a blockade of Rio harbour.[7] In September 1894 Wyndham was given his final appointment as Minister to Romania[8] at Bucharest. He retired from the Diplomatic Service in 1897 and returned to his family's estate at Rogate, Sussex, where among other things he was a Justice of the Peace, and died there in 1916. Hugh Wyndham was appointed CB in 1878[9] for his services in Athens during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) and knighted KCMG in 1894[10] for his work in Brazil. {{s-start}}{{s-dip}}{{succession box|title=Minister Resident to the King of Servia, later Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to His Majesty the King of Servia |years=1885–1888 |before=Sidney Locock |after=Frederick Robert St John }}{{succession box |title=Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of Brazil, later Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States of Brazil |years=1888–1894 |before=Hugh MacDonell |after=Constantine Phipps }}{{succession box |title=Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to His Majesty the King of Roumania |years=1894–1897 |before=Sir John Walsham, 2nd Baronet |after=John Kennedy }}{{s-end}} FamilyHugh Wyndham was a son of Charles Wyndham, an illegitimate son of George Wyndham, 3rd Earl of Egremont. In 1863 Hugh Wyndham married his cousin, Charlotte Scott. Their elder son Percy Charles Hugh Wyndham became a diplomat, minister and knight in his turn. References
1. ^{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/alumnioxonienses04univuoft |title=Alumni oxonienses: the members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886, vol.4}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wyndham, Hugh}}2. ^{{London Gazette |issue=25266 |page=4317 |date=4 September 1883}} 3. ^{{London Gazette |issue=25449 |page=971 |date=6 March 1885}} 4. ^{{London Gazette |issue=25631 |page=4833 |date=5 October 1886}} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=25785 |page=893 |date=10 February 1888}} 6. ^Court Circular, The Times, 23 Dec 1890, p7 7. ^Joseph Smith, Illusions of Conflict: Anglo-American Diplomacy Toward Latin America, 1865–1896, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1979, page 162-184 8. ^{{London Gazette |issue=26553 |page=5361 |date=18 September 1894}} 9. ^{{London Gazette |issue=24601 |page=3904 |date=2 July 1878}} 10. ^{{London Gazette |issue=26495 |page=1589 |date=16 March 1894}} 10 : 1836 births|1916 deaths|Wyndham family|People educated at Harrow School|Alumni of Exeter College, Oxford|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Serbia|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Brazil|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Romania|Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Companions of the Order of the Bath |
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