“Roosevelt family”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Roosevelt family is an American business and political family from New York whose members have included two United States Presidents, a First Lady,^[1] and various merchants, politicians, inventors, clergymen, artists, and socialites. Progeny of a mid-17th century Dutch immigrant to New Amsterdam, many members of the family became locally prominent in New York City business and politics and intermarried with prominent colonial families. Two distantly related branches of the family from Oyster Bay on Long Island and Hyde Park in Dutchess County rose to national political prominence with the elections of Presidents Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909) and his fifth cousin Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945), whose wife, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, was Theodore's niece.

History

Van Roosevelts of Oud-Vossemeer

The earliest known ancestor of the family was a man from the Netherlands named Claes van Rosenvelt. It has been suggested{{By whom|date=December 2015}} that he was related to the Van Roosevelts of Oud-Vossemeer, who were amt lords in the Tholen region of the Netherlands. While evidence suggests that Claes van Rosenvelt indeed came from the Tholen region where the Van Roosevelts were landowners, no records exist that prove that he is related to the noble family. It may simply be a coincidence, or Claes van Rosenvelt may have chosen the name purposefully because of its noble origins or to honor his local amt lord, as was common practice for peasants of the time.^[2]^[3]

Claes van Rosenvelt

Claes Martenszen van Rosenvelt, the immigrant ancestor of the Roosevelt family, arrived in New Amsterdam (present day New York City) some time between 1638 and 1649. About the year 1652, he bought a farm from Lambert van Valckenburgh comprising 24 morgens (that is, 20.44 ha or 50.51 acres) in what is now Midtown Manhattan, including the present site of the Empire State Building.^[4] The property included approximately what is now the area between Lexington Avenue and Fifth Avenue bounded by 29th St. and 35th St.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}}

Claes' son Nicholas was the first to use the spelling Roosevelt and the first to hold political office, as an alderman. Nicholas' children Johannes and Jacobus were, respectively, the progenitors of the Oyster Bay and Hyde Park branches of the family. By the late 19th century, the Hyde Park Roosevelts were generally associated with the Democratic Party and the Oyster Bay Roosevelts with the Republican Party. President Theodore Roosevelt, an Oyster Bay Roosevelt, was the uncle of Eleanor Roosevelt later wife of Franklin Roosevelt. Despite political differences that caused family members to actively campaign against each other, the two branches generally remained friendly.

Coats of arms

In heraldry, canting arms are a visual or pictorial depiction of a surname, and were and still are a popular practice. It would be common to find roses, then, in the arms of many Roosevelt families, even unrelated ones (the name Rosenvelt means roses-field). Also, grassy mounds or fields of green would be a familiar attribute.

The Van Roosevelts of Oud-Vossemeer in Zeeland have a coat of arms that is divided horizontally, the top portion with a white chevron between three white roses, while the bottom half is gold with a red lion rampant. A traditional blazon suggested would be, Per fess vert a chevron between three roses argent and Or a lion rampant gules.^[5]

The coat of arms of the namesakes of the Dutch immigrant Claes van Rosenvelt, ancestor of the American political family that included Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, were white with a rosebush with three rose flowers growing upon a grassy mound, and whose crest was of three ostrich feathers divided into red and white halves each. In heraldic terms this would be described as, Argent upon a grassy mound a rose bush proper bearing three roses gules barbed and seeded all proper, with a crest upon a torse argent and gules of Three ostrich plumes each per pale gules and argent. Franklin Roosevelt altered his arms to omit the rosebush and use in its place three crossed roses on their stems, changing the blazon of his shield to Three roses one in pale and two in saltire gules barbed seeded slipped and left proper.^[5]

Family diagram

Members

Oyster Bay Roosevelts

Hyde Park Roosevelts

See also

References

1. ^{{cite news |last=Moore |first=Frazier |title=PBS' 'The Roosevelts' portrays an epic threesome |url=http://apnews.excite.com/article/20140910/us--tv-roosevelts-d4b60e65ce.html |date=September 10, 2014 |work=AP News |accessdate=September 10, 2014 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ambachtsheerlijkheid.com/amtlords.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906115341/http://www.ambachtsheerlijkheid.com/amtlords.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=6 September 2008|title=Amt lords|publisher=Ambachtsheerlijkheid|accessdate=27 November 2009}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oudvossemeer.com/index.htm|title=Oud Vossemeer|publisher=Oudvossemeer.com|accessdate=28 February 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019101657/http://www.oudvossemeer.com/index.htm|archivedate=19 October 2007|df=}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vanvalkenburg.org/lambert-manhattan.html|title=Lambert Jochemse van Valckenburch of New Amsterdam|publisher=VanValkenburg.org|accessdate=2008-02-28}}
5. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web|url=http://www.americanheraldry.org/pages/index.php?n=President.Roosevelt|title=Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 26th and 32nd Presidents of the United States|publisher=American Heraldry Society|accessdate=October 28, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081230095848/http://americanheraldry.org/pages/index.php?n=President.Roosevelt|archivedate=December 30, 2008|df=}}
6. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³¹⁴{{cite book|last=Whittelsey|first=Charles|title=The Roosevelt Genealogy, 1649-1902|date=1902|publisher=Hartford, Conn., Press of J. B. Burr & co.|url=https://archive.org/details/rooseveltgenealo00whit}}
7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?pg=PA33&dq=editions:LCCN93004831&id=E3sFAAAAQAAJ&#PPA300,M1|title=The New York civil list|publisher=Weed, Parsons & Co.|location=Albany, NY|year=1858|page=300|author=Hough, Franklin B. |accessdate= November 27, 2009}}
8. ^http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/roosevelt.html#907.06.43
9. ^{{cite book|title=Genealogical and Biographical Notes: Haring-Herring, Clark, Denton, White, Griggs, Judd, and Related Families|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=064ybBytdDcC&pg=PA40|year=2005|publisher=Peter Haring Judd|isbn=978-0-88082-190-2}}
10. ^{{Cite web| title = Historic Pelham: Elbert Roosevelt, An Early Settler of the Manor of Pelham, and Other Members of His Family| author = | work = historicpelham.blogspot.com| date = | accessdate = 2016-05-02| url = http://historicpelham.blogspot.com/2014/05/elbert-roosevelt-early-settler-of-manor.html| quote = }}
11. ^{{cite book|author=Theodore Roosevelt Association|title=Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NyEhAQAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=The Association}}
12. ^{{cite book|author=Frances M. Smith|title=Colonial Families of America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aEBlAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA258|year=1909|publisher=F. Allaben genealogical Company}}
13. ^{{cite news|last=Berger|first=Joseph|date=March 16, 2005|title=Roosevelts and the Quirks of Destiny|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/16/nyregion/roosevelts-and-the-quirks-of-destiny.html|newspaper=The New York Times}}
14. ^{{cite news|title=Republican Born Roosevelt Digs Deep for Texas Oil Found With CO2|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-02/republican-born-roosevelt-digs-deep-for-texas-oil-found-with-co2.html|accessdate=April 2, 2013|newspaper=Bloomberg Markets Magazine|date=April 1, 2013|author=John Lippert|author2=Jim Efstathiou Jr.|author3=Mike Lee}}