| 词条 | Hyon Yong-chol |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = General of the Army |name = Hyon Yong-chol |image = Hyon-YongChol.jpg |office = Minister of Defence |order = |term_start = 12 June 2014 |term_end = 12 May 2015 |deputy = |predecessor = Jang Jong-nam |1blankname = {{nowrap|Supreme Leader}} |1namedata = Kim Jong-un |successor = Pak Yong-sik |office1 = Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission |order1 = |term_start1 = 26 July 2012 |term_end1 = 24 May 2013 |predecessor1 = Choe Ryong-hae & Ri Yong-ho |1blankname1 = {{nowrap|Supreme Leader}} |1namedata1 = Kim Jong-un |successor1 = Choe Ryong-hae |office2 = Chief of the General Staff of the Korean People's Army |order2 = |term_start2 = 26 July 2012 |term_end2 = 24 May 2013 |predecessor2 = Ri Yong-ho |1blankname2 = {{nowrap|Supreme Leader}} |1namedata2 = Kim Jong-un |1blankname3 = {{nowrap|Defence Minister}} |1namedata3 = Kim Jong-gak Kim Kyok-sik Jang Jong-nam |successor2 = Kim Kyok-sik |birth_name = Hyon Yong-chol |birth_date = 11 January 1949 |birth_place = Kyŏngsŏng County (modern Ŏrang County), North Hamgyong Province, North Korea |death_date = c. May 2015 |death_place = North Korea |religion = |nickname = |allegiance = {{flag|North Korea}} |branch = Korean People's Army |serviceyears = |rank = General Vice Marshal (promoted July 2012, demoted November 2012) |commands = |battles = |education = |mawards = }}{{Infobox Korean name | hangul =현영철 | hanja =玄永哲 | rr = | mr =Hyŏn Yŏngch'ŏl | koreanipa = | context =north | image = | caption = }}General Hyon Yong-chol ({{korean|hangul=현영철|context=north}}, 11 January 1949 - c. May 2015[1][2]) was a senior North Korean military officer and Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) politician who served as Minister of Defence from 2014 to 2015. He was removed from his post and reportedly executed in 2015.[3][4] Personal life and careerNorth Korean media have stated that Hyon was born in January 1949 and joined the military in 1966. Having served as a battalion commander, he was elected a delegate to the Supreme People's Assembly in 2009.[4] Hyon was promoted to the rank of four-star general (대장) alongside Kim Jong-un, Kim Kyong-hui, Kim Kyong-ok, Choe Ryong-hae, and Choe Pu-il in September 2010.[5] He was on the national funeral committee in the wake of Kim Jong-il's death in December 2011. Hyon was named as a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea at the third party conference.[4] In February 2012, Hyon received the Order of Kim Jong-il.[6] Hyon was promoted to the rank of Vice Marshal (차수) of the KPA in July 2012, two days after Chief of the General Staff Ri Yong-ho was relieved of his duties. It was initially unclear if Hyon would replace Ri as Chief of the General Staff,[7][8][9] but this was confirmed a few days later.[10] He was also identified as vice-chairman of the WPK Central Military Commission on 26 July 2012.[11] Hyon was reportedly demoted to General in November 2012.[12][13] On 31 March 2013, Hyon was made a Politburo alternate member, though he did not take Ri Yong-ho's former seat on the Politburo Presidium.[14] He was transferred to command the 5th Army Corps in May 2013.[15] He was called back to Pyongyang in June 2014 to serve as minister of the People's Armed Forces. Ouster and reported executionSouth Korea's National Intelligence Service initially reported on May 12, 2015, that Hyon was purged and publicly executed near the end of April 2015 at Kanggon Military Training Area near Pyongyang.[16] It was reported that he was executed – with a four-barrelled light anti-aircraft gun – for insubordination and sleeping during formal military rallies, in particular during an event in late April 2015 attended by Kim Jong-un in which Hyon was captured on video napping.[16] A report by CNN indicated that Hyon was accused of treason after he failed to carry out an order by Kim Jong-un, though the nature of this order was not specified. A top official stated that while executions take place for crimes of treason or subversion, Hyon was not among the executed. According to analysts interviewed by BBC News, while reassigning officials was commonplace in North Korea, the execution of a figure as close to Kim Jong-un as Hyon was surprising, and could give cause to concern for the country's stability.[17][18][19] Hours after the initial report, South Korea's National Intelligence Service revised its statement, saying that although it has intelligence information suggesting that Hyon was executed, it had not been able to verify that. Doubts were raised because footage of Hyon was still being shown on North Korean television.[20] He was also mentioned in the North Korean newspaper Rodong Sinmun the day he was supposed to have been executed. This would imply that he had been arrested and executed on the same day, which is unlikely.[21] On June 16, 2015, confirmation was reported from North Korean diplomatic sources.[22] In July, official North Korea media named Pak Yong-sik as the armed forces minister, but did not report Hyon's removal.[23] A South Korean spokesman said that reports of Hyon's execution should be taken as rumors until there was definitive evidence.[24] References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/NewsView.do?SEARCH_NEWS_CODE=3074665&ref=A|title=북, 군 서열 2위 현영철 고사총으로 공개 처형|language=Korean|accessdate=2016-10-02|date=2015-05-13}} {{S-start}}{{S-off}}{{S-bef|before=Jang Jong-nam}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister of People's Armed Forces|years=2014–2015}}{{s-aft|after=Pak Yong-sik}}2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2015/05/13/0200000000AKR20150513084300043.HTML?input=1195m|title=국정원 "현영철 처형 이유는 졸고 지시 불이행한 탓"|language=Korean|accessdate=2016-10-02|date=2015-05-13}} 3. ^{{Cite news|url = http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2015/06/15/North-Korea-officially-confirmed-Hyon-Yong-Chols-execution-says-source/3271434354542|title = North Korea officially confirmed Hyon Yong Chol's execution| date = 15 June 2015|publisher =United Press International|access-date = 15 June 2015|via = }} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-32716835|title = Hyon Yong-chol, the general who rose out of obscurity|date = 13 May 2015|publisher =BBC News|access-date = 13 May 2015|via = }} 5. ^{{cite news|title=Hyon Yong-chol named vice marshal of N. Korean military|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/northkorea/2012/07/17/41/0401000000AEN20120717005700315F.HTML|accessdate=17 July 2012|newspaper=Yoanhap News Agency|date=17 July 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cna.org/CNA_files/PDF/COP-2014-U-006988-Final.pdf#25|page=21|accessdate=11 October 2015|title=North Korean Leadership Dynamics and Decision-making under Kim Jong-un : A Second Year Assessment|first=Ken E.|last=Gause|date=March 2014|publisher=CNA}} 7. ^{{cite news|editor=Yang, Lina|title=N Korea names new vice-marshal in military reshuffle|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18865891|accessdate=17 July 2012|publisher=BBC News|date=17 July 2012}} 8. ^{{cite news|title=DPRK awards Hyon Yong Chol title of KPA vice marshal|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-07/17/c_123420259.htm|accessdate=17 July 2012|publisher=Xinhuanet|date=17 July 2012}} 9. ^{{cite news|title=North Korea promotes military official to key rank after removing army chief|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/07/16/world/asia/north-korea-new-leader/index.html|accessdate=17 July 2012|publisher=CNN|date=17 July 2012}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=DPRK appoints new chief of army general staff|url=http://www.china.org.cn/world/2012-07/19/content_25953916.htm|accessdate=19 July 2012|newspaper=China.org.cn|date=19 July 2012}} 11. ^"Kim Jong Un Attends Performance by KPISF, Visits Health Complex & Outdoor Ice Rink", North Korea Leadership Watch, 27 July 2012. 12. ^North Korea Reshuffles 1/3 of Its Military Leadership: Source, Arirang News, 16 November 2012. 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/10/11/2012101100931.html|newspaper=The Chosun Ilbo|title=N.Korean Army Chief Demoted After Defections|date= 11 October 2012}} 14. ^Report on Plenary Meeting of WPK Central Committee , KCNA, 31 March 2013. 15. ^N.Korea's Military Reshuffles Are a Dangerous Sign, The Chosun Ilbo, 24 May 2013. 16. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32716749 | title=North Korea Defence Chief Hyon Yong-chol 'executed' | publisher=BBC News | date=13 May 2015 | accessdate=14 May 2015}} 17. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-05-13/kim-jong-un-purges-defense-minister-south-korean-lawmaker-says | title=Kim Jong Un Purges Defense Chief for Napping, Lawmaker Says | publisher=Bloomberg | accessdate=12 May 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web | url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/05/12/asia/north-korea-defence-ministesr/index.html | title=Reports: North Korea publicly executes defense chief | publisher=CNN|author1=Kwon, KJ |author2=Whiteman, Hilary | date=13 May 2015 | accessdate=13 May 2015}} 19. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32716749 | title=North Korea Defence Chief Hyon Yong-chol 'executed' | publisher=BBC| accessdate=12 May 2015}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=North Korea defense chief was purged, maybe not executed, says Seoul's spy agency|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2015/05/13/North-Korea-defense-chief-was-purged-maybe-not-executed-says-Seouls-spy-agency/1931431522581/|date=13 May 2015}} 21. ^{{cite news|title=Some Doubt That North Korea Executed a Top General|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/14/world/asia/some-doubt-that-north-korea-executed-a-top-general.html?_r=1|author=Choe Sang-hun|publisher=New York Times|date=13 May 2015}} 22. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2015/06/15/North-Korea-officially-confirmed-Hyon-Yong-Chols-execution-says-source/3271434354542/|title=North Korea officially confirms Hyon Yong Chol's execution|newspaper=UPI|language=en|access-date=2017-02-03}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=Seoul: North Korea media confirms purging of defense chief|url=https://news.yahoo.com/seoul-north-korea-media-confirms-purging-defense-chief-030411677.html/|publisher=Yahoo News, AP|accessdate=13 July 2015}} 24. ^{{cite news|title=Defense chief Hyon Yong Chol replaced, confirms Pyongyang|url=http://www.northkoreatimes.com/index.php/sid/234750109|publisher=North Korea Times|date=14 July 2015}} |-{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Choe Ryong-hae Ri Yong-ho}}{{s-ttl|title=Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission|alongside=Choe Ryong-hae|years=2012–2013}}{{s-aft|after=Choe Ryong-hae}} |-{{S-mil}}{{S-bef|before=Ri Yong-ho}}{{s-ttl|title=Chief of the General Staff of the Korean People's Army|years=2012–2013}}{{s-aft|after=Kim Kyok-sik}} |-{{S-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hyon, Yong-chol}} 7 : 1949 births|2015 deaths|North Korean generals|Government ministers of North Korea|Defence ministers of North Korea|People executed for treason against North Korea|Recipients of the Order of Kim Jong-il |
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