| 词条 | Ibacus alticrenatus |
| 释义 |
| name = Ibacus alticrenatus | image = Ibacus alticrenatus Bate.png | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | subphylum = Crustacea | classis = Malacostraca | ordo = Decapoda | familia = Scyllaridae | genus = Ibacus | species = I. alticrenatus | binomial = Ibacus alticrenatus | binomial_authority = Spence Bate, 1888 }} Ibacus alticrenatus is a species of slipper lobster that lives in the waters of Australia and New Zealand. DescriptionIbacus alticrenatus is one of the smaller species of Ibacus.[2] Males reach a maximum carapace length of {{convert|55|mm}}, with females slightly larger, at up to {{convert|65|mm|abbr=on}}.[2] The maximum total length is {{convert|16|cm}}.[4] There are typically 8, but occasionally 7 or 9, teeth along either edge of the carapace, behind the cervical incision.[4]DistributionAround Australia, I. alticrenatus is found from the North West Cape in Western Australia, around the country's south coast, to 20° south in northern Queensland.[1] Although I. brucei has also been recorded from the Kermadec Islands and the West Norfolk Ridge, I. alticrenatus is the only slipper lobster to occur around the main islands of New Zealand.[1] Life cycleFemales reach sexual maturity at a median carapace length of {{convert|39|mm}}.[1] They produce between 1700 and 14,800 eggs, with diameters of {{convert|0.94|-|1.29|mm|2|abbr=on}}. The eggs are incubated on the female's pleopods for 3–4 months before hatching; this occurs from April to October, with rates peaking in July.[1] The larvae pass through seven flattened phyllosoma stages over 4–6 months, growing from around {{convert|2.5|mm|1|abbr=on}} to around {{convert|40|mm|abbr=on}}.[1] The succeeding moult is accompanied by a metamorphosis into the juveniles form (known as the "puerulus" or "nisto" stage), which much more closely resembles the adult form. There is a final "post-puerulus" stage before the animal reaches adulthood.[2] TaxonomyIbacus alticrenatus was first described in 1888 by Charles Spence Bate.[3] The type locality was Station 167 of the Challenger expedition, at a depth of {{convert|150|fathom}}, at {{coord|39|32|S|171|48|E}}. Four syntypes are held in the Natural History Museum in London.[4]Common names for the species include "deep water bug" (Australia), "sandy bug" (Australia), "prawn killer" (New Zealand) and "velvet fan lobster", the last being the name preferred by the Food and Agriculture Organization.[4][5]Ecology and conservationIbacus alticrenatus lives at depths of {{convert|20|-|455|m|abbr=on}}, on soft, muddy bottoms, where it can bury itself in the sediment.[1]The highest total landing in New Zealand for any fishing season was 49.12 t in 1992–1993.[6] I. alticrenatus was added to New Zealand's Quota Management System on October 1, 2007,[7] and the total allowable catch was set to 37.4 t.The majority of the catch is taken in the area to the north of North Island.[6] Because of its wide range, Ibacus alticrenatus is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.[8] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |editor=Kari L. Lavalli |editor2=Ehud Spanier |year=2007 |title=The Biology And Fisheries of the Slipper Lobster |volume=17 |series=Crustacean Issues |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9780849333989 |chapter=Fishery and biology of commercially exploited Australian fan lobsters (Ibacus spp.) |author=James A. Haddy |author2=John Stewart |author3=Ken J. Graham |last-author-amp=yes |pages=359–376 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mRH6w5wchCgC&pg=PA360}} 2. ^{{cite journal |author=John M. Atkinson |author2=Nelson C. Boustead |last-author-amp=yes |year=1982 |title=The complete larval development of the scyllarid lobster Ibacus alticrenatus Bate, 1888 in New Zealand waters |journal=Crustaceana |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=275–287 |jstor=20103726 |doi=10.1163/156854082x00344}} 3. ^{{cite book |series=Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the Years 1873–76 |author=C. Spence Bate |author-link=Charles Spence Bate |year=1888 |title=Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the Years 1873-1876 |url=http://19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-52/htm/doc.html |chapter=Tribe Synaxidea |pages=56–99}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |url=http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/bis/lobsters.php?menuentry=soorten&id=186 |chapter=Scyllarus pygmaeus |pages= |work=FAO Species Catalogue, Volume 13 |title=Marine Lobsters of the World |author=Lipke B. Holthuis |author-link=Lipke Holthuis |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization |year=1991 |isbn=92-5-103027-8 |series=FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125}} 5. ^{{Cite WoRMS |author=Tin-Yam Chan |year=2010 |id=382918 |title=Ibacus alticrenatus Bate, 1888 |accessdate=June 27, 2012}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://fs.fish.govt.nz/Doc/21771/73_PRK_09.pdf.ashx |format=PDF |title=Prawn killer (PRK) (Ibacus alticrenatus) |publisher=Ministry for Primary Industries}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fish.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/AE861B58-D240-41F3-BCA4-D3EDF338C69F/0/Prawnkiller.pdf |format=PDF |title=Proposal to list prawn killer (PRK) on the sixth schedule of the Fisheries Act 1996 – final advice |publisher=Ministry for Primary Industries}} 8. ^1 2 {{Cite journal | author = M. Butler | author2 = A. Cockcroft | author3 = A. MacDiarmid | last-author-amp = yes | title = Ibacus alticrenatus | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2011 | page = e.T170087A6708595 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2011 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/170087/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T170087A6708595.en | access-date = 8 January 2018}} External links
5 : Achelata|Edible crustaceans|Marine crustaceans of New Zealand|Crustaceans of Australia|Crustaceans described in 1888 |
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