| 词条 | Rosie Ruiz |
| 释义 |
| name = Rosie Ruiz | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | headercolor = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = | fullname = | nickname = | nationality = Cuban | ethnicity = | citizenship = USA | birth_date = {{birth year and age|1953}} | birth_place = Havana, Cuba | death_date = | death_place = | resting_place = | monuments = | residence = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = | years_active = | employer = | agent = | height = | weight = | spouse = | life_partner = | other_interests = | website = | module = | country = Cuba | sport = track and field | position = | rank = DQ | event = 1980 Boston Marathon | collegeteam = | universityteam = | league = | league_type = | club = | team = | turnedpro = | partner = | former_partner = | coach = | retired = | coaching = | module2 = | regionals = | nationals = | olympics = | highestranking = | pb = | medaltemplates = | show-medals = | updated = }} Rosie Ruiz (born 1953) is a Cuban American who was declared the winner in the female category for the 84th Boston Marathon in 1980, only to have her title stripped eight days after the race when it was discovered that she had not run the entire course. She is believed to have jumped onto the course about a half-mile before the finish. BackgroundRuiz was born Rosa Ruiz Vivas in Havana, Cuba, and moved to Memphis, Florida with her family in 1962.[1] She moved to New York City in the early 1970s, eventually finding work with Metal Traders, a commodities firm. In 1979, she qualified for the New York City Marathon and was credited with a time of 2:56:29, the 11th woman overall—enough to qualify her for the Boston Marathon.[2] Boston MarathonOn April 21, 1980, Ruiz appeared to win the Boston Marathon's female category with a time of 2:31:56. Her time would have been the fastest female time in Boston Marathon history as well as the third-fastest female time ever recorded in any marathon.[3][4][5] However, suspicions mounted about Ruiz almost from the beginning. Men's winner Bill Rodgers, who had just won his third straight Boston Marathon, noticed that Ruiz could not recall many things that most runners know by heart, such as intervals and splits.[2] Other observers noticed that Ruiz was not panting or coated in sweat, and her thighs were less lean and muscular than would be expected for a world-class runner. She later released stress-test results showing her resting heart rate as 76. Most female marathoners have a resting heart rate in the 50s or lower.[1] In addition, her time of 2:31:56 was an unusual improvement, more than 25 minutes ahead of her reported time in the New York City Marathon six months earlier. When asked by a reporter why she did not seem fatigued after the grueling race, she said, "I got up with a lot of energy this morning."[6] Some female competitors thought it was odd that, when asked what she had noticed about the suburb of Wellesley while running through it, she did not mention the students of Wellesley College, who traditionally cheer loudly for the first female runners as they pass the campus. Most seriously, no other runners could recall seeing her. The eventual winner, Canadian Jacqueline Gareau, was told that she was leading the race at the 18-mile mark, while Patti Lyons was told she was second at the 17-mile mark. Ruiz could not have passed either of them without being seen.[5] Several spotters at checkpoints throughout the course also did not remember seeing her in the first group of women. In addition, she did not appear in any pictures or video footage.[3] Two Harvard students, John Faulkner and Sola Mahoney, recalled seeing Ruiz burst out of a crowd of spectators on Commonwealth Avenue, half a mile from the finish. Not long after that, freelance photographer Susan Morrow reported meeting her on the subway during the New York Marathon and accompanying her from the subway to the race. She lost touch with Ruiz after that, but came forward when the news of Ruiz's dubious Boston win broke. According to Morrow, she met Ruiz on the subway and together they walked a distance to the finishing area, where Ruiz identified herself as an injured runner. She was escorted to a first aid station and volunteers marked her down as having completed the marathon, thus qualifying her for the Boston Marathon.[2] New York Marathon officials launched an investigation and could not find any sign of Ruiz near the finish line. On April 25, based on this and other evidence, the games committee of the New York Marathon retroactively disqualified Ruiz from the 1979 race, with marathon director Fred Lebow saying she could not possibly have run the entire course.[7][1] Later that week, the Boston Athletic Association (BAA) disqualified Ruiz from the Boston Marathon. While New York's action seemed to have automatically disqualified Ruiz from Boston as well, Boston officials wanted to do their own investigation before taking action.[2] Gareau was declared the female winner, with a time of 2:34:28—at the time, the fastest recorded for a woman in the Boston Marathon.[8] Lyons was moved up to second; her time of 2:35:08 was the fastest ever recorded for an American woman in a marathon.[9] On the Thursday after the Monday marathon, BAA arranged for Gareau to fly from her home in Canada to Boston, where BAA staged a finish line with 3,000 spectators at 2:34 PM so that photos could be taken with Gareau breaking the tape. Gareau was awarded a winner's medal at a press conference that Thursday. AftermathIn 1982, Ruiz was arrested for embezzling $60,000 from a real estate company where she worked. She spent one week in jail and was sentenced to five years' probation.[10][18] She then moved back to South Florida, where she was arrested in 1983 for her involvement in a cocaine deal. She was sentenced to three years' probation.[18][11] In April 1993, she was working in West Palm Beach[12] as a client representative for a medical laboratory company.[13] As of 2000, she still maintained that she ran the entire 1980 Boston Marathon.[2] See also
References1. ^1 2 [https://www.si.com/vault/1980/05/05/824629/scorecard Scorecard]. Sports Illustrated, May 5, 1980. 2. ^1 2 3 4 Burt, Bill. Rosie's Run. The Eagle-Tribune, April 16, 2000. 3. ^1 Mass Moments: Rosie Ruiz Steals Boston Marathon. Massachusetts Foundation for the Humanities, April 21, 2006. 4. ^Rosie Ruiz wins the Boston Marathon at Museum of Hoaxes 5. ^1 Moore, Kenny. [https://www.si.com/vault/1980/04/28/824607/mastery-and-mystery-bill-rodgers-above-tied-the-record-with-a-third-straight-boston-marathon-victory-but-who-was-first-to-finish-the-full-distance-among-the-women-was-open-to-question Mastery and Mystery]. Sports Illustrated, April 28, 1980. 6. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/more_sport/article2304891.ece | work=The Times | location=London | title=The top 50 sporting scandals | first=Patrick | last=Kidd | date=August 22, 2007 | accessdate=May 22, 2010 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080726212830/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/more_sport/article2304891.ece | archivedate = July 26, 2008}} 7. ^{{cite news|work=New York Times| accessdate= April 20, 2015| title= Miss Ruiz Deprived of New York Finish| first= Neil | last= Amdur | date = April 26, 1980 | url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1980/04/26/112076435.pdf }} 8. ^{{cite news |title=Seko Clocks A Boston Record |author= |first= |last= |authorlink= |authorlink2= |author2= |author3= |author4= |author5= |author6= |author7= |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bM8nAAAAIBAJ&sjid=120DAAAAIBAJ&pg=2802%2C4107090 |format= |agency=AP |newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |publisher= |location=Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |isbn= |issn= |oclc= |pmid= |pmd= |bibcode= |doi= |id= |date=April 21, 1981 |page=19|at= |accessdate=January 13, 2011 |language= |trans-title=|quote= |ref=}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.runnersworld.com/rt-miscellaneous/rosie-ruiz-tries-steal-boston-marathon | title=Rosie Ruiz Tries To Steal the Boston Marathon |work=Running Times |date=July 1, 1980 |accessdate=April 20, 2015}} 10. ^{{cite news| url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xHgiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Aq0FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1526,4781363&dq=rosie-ruiz+embezzle&hl=en | work=Arguss-Press | location=Owosso, Michigan | title=The Boston Marathon: One of Kind Event | first=Tony | last=Hornus | date=April 24, 1982| accessdate=August 19, 2012}} 11. ^{{cite news| url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1314&dat=19831119&id=Gv9WAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6u4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6791,1811064 | work=Spokesman-Review | location=Spokane, Washington | title=Rosie Ruiz arrested for cocaine dealing | agency=AP| date=November 19, 1983| accessdate=August 19, 2012}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite news| url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19930419&id=a0xPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TAMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6311,5686888 | work=Toledo Blade | location= | title=Whatever happened to Rosie Ruiz? | agency=AP| date=April 19, 1993| accessdate=August 19, 2012}} 13. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.apnewsarchive.com/1998/Rosie-Ruiz-Says-She-ll-Run-Again/id-87582dc5d3da7b65adaad5a25ead3418 | work= | title=Rosie Ruiz Says She'll Run Again| agency=AP| date=April 20, 1998| accessdate=August 19, 2012}} External links
6 : 1953 births|1980 in sports|American people of Cuban descent|Living people|Boston Marathon|People from Havana |
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